feature: Adding support for FreeParameterExpression

Project.toml

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
 StaticArrays = "90137ffa-7385-5640-81b9-e52037218182"
 Statistics = "10745b16-79ce-11e8-11f9-7d13ad32a3b2"
 StructTypes = "856f2bd8-1eba-4b0a-8007-ebc267875bd4"
+Symbolics = "0c5d862f-8b57-4792-8d23-62f2024744c7"
+SymbolicUtils = "d1185830-fcd6-423d-90d6-eec64667417b"
 Tar = "a4e569a6-e804-4fa4-b0f3-eef7a1d5b13e"
 UUIDs = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4"
 
@@ -64,6 +66,8 @@ SparseArrays = "1.6"
 StaticArrays = "=1.9.3"
 Statistics = "1.6"
 StructTypes = "=1.10.0"
+Symbolics = "5.28.0"
+SymbolicUtils = "1.6.0"
 Tar = "1.9.3"
 Test = "1.6"
 UUIDs = "1.6"
@@ -89,6 +93,8 @@ Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
 SparseArrays = "2f01184e-e22b-5df5-ae63-d93ebab69eaf"
 Statistics = "10745b16-79ce-11e8-11f9-7d13ad32a3b2"
 StructTypes = "856f2bd8-1eba-4b0a-8007-ebc267875bd4"
+Symbolics = "0c5d862f-8b57-4792-8d23-62f2024744c7"
+SymbolicUtils = "d1185830-fcd6-423d-90d6-eec64667417b"
 Tar = "a4e569a6-e804-4fa4-b0f3-eef7a1d5b13e"
 Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
 UUIDs = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4"

src/Braket.jl

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module Braket
 
 export Circuit, QubitSet, Qubit, Device, AwsDevice, AwsQuantumTask, AwsQuantumTaskBatch
-export metadata, status, Observable, Result, FreeParameter, Job, AwsQuantumJob, LocalQuantumJob, LocalSimulator
+export metadata, status, Observable, Result, FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression, Job, AwsQuantumJob, LocalQuantumJob, LocalSimulator, subs
 export Tracker, simulator_tasks_cost, qpu_tasks_cost
 export arn, cancel, state, result, results, name, download_result, id, ir, isavailable, search_devices, get_devices
 export provider_name, properties, type
@@ -32,13 +32,18 @@ using DecFP
 using Graphs
 using HTTP
 using StaticArrays
+using Symbolics
+using SymbolicUtils
 using JSON3, StructTypes
 using LinearAlgebra
 using DataStructures
 using NamedTupleTools
 using OrderedCollections
 using Tar
 
+# Operator overloading for FreeParameterExpression
+import Base: +, -, *, /, ^, ==
+
 include("utils.jl")
 """
     IRType
@@ -134,6 +139,74 @@ end
 Base.copy(fp::FreeParameter) = fp
 Base.show(io::IO, fp::FreeParameter) = print(io, string(fp.name))
 
+"""
+    FreeParameterExpression
+    FreeParameterExpression(expr::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number, Symbolics.Num, String})
+
+Struct representing a Free Parameter expression, which can be used in symbolic computations.
+
+### Examples
+```jldoctest
+julia> α = FreeParameter(:alpha)
+alpha
+
+julia> θ = FreeParameter(:theta)
+theta
+
+julia> gate = FreeParameterExpression("α + 2*θ")
+α + 2θ
+
+julia> gsub = subs(gate, Dict(:α => 2.0, :θ => 2.0))
+6.0
+```
+"""
+
+struct FreeParameterExpression
+    expression::Symbolics.Num
+
+    function FreeParameterExpression(expr::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number, Symbolics.Num, String})
+        if isa(expr, FreeParameterExpression)
+            return new(expr.expression)
+        elseif isa(expr, Number)
+            return new(Symbolics.Num(expr))
+        elseif isa(expr, Symbolics.Num)
+            return new(expr)
+        elseif isa(expr, String)
+            parsed_expr = parse_expr_to_symbolic(Meta.parse(expr), @__MODULE__)
+            return new(parsed_expr)
+        else
+            throw(ArgumentError("Unsupported expression type"))
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+Base.show(io::IO, fpe::FreeParameterExpression) = print(io, fpe.expression)
+Base.copy(fp::FreeParameterExpression) = fp
+
+function subs(fpe::FreeParameterExpression, parameter_values::Dict{Symbol, <:Number})
+    param_values_num = Dict(Symbolics.variable(string(k); T=Real) => v for (k, v) in parameter_values)
+    subbed_expr = Symbolics.substitute(fpe.expression, param_values_num)
+    if isempty(Symbolics.get_variables(subbed_expr))
+	   subbed_expr = Symbolics.value(subbed_expr)
+        return subbed_expr
+    else
+	subbed_expr = Symbolics.value(subbed_expr)
+	return FreeParameterExpression(subbed_expr)
+    end 
+end
+
+import Base: +, *, -, /, ^, ==
+
++(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number}) = FreeParameterExpression(fpe1.expression + fpe2)
+*(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number}) = FreeParameterExpression(fpe1.expression * fpe2)
+*(a::Number, fp::FreeParameter) = FreeParameterExpression("$(a) * $(fp.name)")
+-(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number}) = FreeParameterExpression(fpe1.expression - fpe2)
+/(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number}) = FreeParameterExpression(fpe1.expression / fpe2)
+^(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::Union{FreeParameterExpression, Number}) = FreeParameterExpression(fpe1.expression ^ fpe2)
+-(fpe::FreeParameterExpression) = FreeParameterExpression(-fpe.expression)
+==(fpe1::FreeParameterExpression, fpe2::FreeParameterExpression) = Symbolics.simplify(fpe1.expression) == Symbolics.simplify(fpe2.expression)
+==(fpe::FreeParameterExpression, expr::Symbolics.Num) = fpe.expression == expr
+
 include("compiler_directive.jl")
 include("gates.jl")
 include("noises.jl")

src/circuit.jl

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ mutable struct Circuit
     qubit_observable_mapping::Dict{Int, Observables.Observable}
     qubit_observable_target_mapping::Dict{Int, Tuple}
     qubit_observable_set::Set{Int}
-    parameters::Set{FreeParameter}
+    parameters::Set{Union{FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression}}
     observables_simultaneously_measureable::Bool
     has_compiler_directives::Bool
     measure_targets::Vector{Int} 

src/gates.jl

@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ for gate_def in (
         $($G) gate.
         """
         struct $G <: AngledGate{$n_angle}
-            angle::NTuple{$n_angle, Union{Float64, FreeParameter}}
-            $G(angle::T) where {T<:NTuple{$n_angle, Union{Float64, FreeParameter}}} = new(angle)
+            angle::NTuple{$n_angle, Union{Float64, FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression}}
+            $G(angle::T) where {T<:NTuple{$n_angle, Union{Float64, FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression}}} = new(angle)
         end
-        $G(angles::Vararg{Union{Float64, FreeParameter}}) = $G(tuple(angles...))
+        $G(angles::Vararg{Union{Float64, FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression}}) = $G(tuple(angles...))
         $G(angles::Vararg{Number}) = $G((Float64(a) for a in angles)...)
         chars(::Type{$G}) = $c
         ir_typ(::Type{$G}) = $IR_G
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ end
 (::Type{G})(x::Tuple{}) where {G<:Gate} = G()
 (::Type{G})(x::Tuple{}) where {G<:AngledGate} = throw(ArgumentError("angled gate must be constructed with at least one angle."))
 (::Type{G})(x::AbstractVector) where {G<:AngledGate} = G(x...)
-(::Type{G})(x::T) where {G<:AngledGate{1}, T<:Union{Float64, FreeParameter}} = G((x,))
+(::Type{G})(x::T) where {G<:AngledGate{1}, T<:Union{Float64, FreeParameter, FreeParameterExpression}} = G((x,))
 qubit_count(g::G) where {G<:Gate}  = qubit_count(G)
 angles(g::G) where {G<:Gate}       = ()
 angles(g::AngledGate{N}) where {N} = g.angle

test/freeparameterexpression.jl

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+using Braket, Test
+
+@testset "Free parameter expressions" begin
+    α = FreeParameter(:alpha)
+    θ = FreeParameter(:theta)
+    gate = FreeParameterExpression("α + 2*θ")
+    @test copy(gate) === gate
+    gsub = subs(gate, Dict(:α => 2.0, :θ => 2.0))
+    circ = Circuit()
+    circ = H(circ, 0)
+    circ = Rx(circ, 1, gsub)
+    circ = Ry(circ, 0, θ)
+    circ = Probability(circ)
+    new_circ = circ(6.0)
+    non_para_circ = Circuit() |> (ci->H(ci, 0)) |> (ci->Rx(ci, 1, gsub)) |> (ci->Ry(ci, 0, 6.0)) |> Probability
+    @test new_circ == non_para_circ
+    ϕ = FreeParameter(:phi)
+    circ = apply_gate_noise!(circ, BitFlip(ϕ))
+    circ = apply_gate_noise!(circ, PhaseFlip(0.1))
+    new_circ = circ(theta=2.0, alpha=1.0, phi=0.2)
+    non_para_circ = Circuit() |> (ci->H(ci, 0)) |> (ci->Rx(ci, 1, gsub)) |> (ci->Ry(ci, 0, 2.0)) |> Probability |> (ci->apply_gate_noise!(ci, BitFlip(0.2))) |> (ci->apply_gate_noise!(ci, PhaseFlip(0.1)))
+    @test new_circ == non_para_circ
+end

test/runtests.jl

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ for group in groups
             include("circuits.jl")
             include("measure.jl")
             include("free_parameter.jl")
+            include("freeparameterexpression.jl")
             include("gates.jl")
             include("observables.jl")
             include("noises.jl")