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BorderBoxControl: Improve accessibility and labelling #42351

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Related:

What?

Updates the BorderBoxControl component to improve labelling, DOM Structure etc.

Why?

Accessibility is important.

How?

  • Changes the control's wrapping element to a fieldset and its primary label to a legend
  • Updates calls to getByRole() in the unit tests to also filter inputs by name.

Testing Instructions

  1. Run npm run test-unit /packages/components/src/border-box-control/test
  2. Double check the BorderBoxControl continues to function correctly within the Storybook
  3. Inspect the storybook control example and confirm the control is wrapped in a fieldset with an appropriate legend as the label.
  4. Edit a post within the block or site editors, add a group block, select it, and then check the border controls still work

@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw added [Type] Enhancement A suggestion for improvement. [Focus] Accessibility (a11y) Changes that impact accessibility and need corresponding review (e.g. markup changes). [Feature] UI Components Impacts or related to the UI component system labels Jul 12, 2022
@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw self-assigned this Jul 12, 2022
@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw changed the title Update/border box control labelling BorderBoxControl: Improve accessibility and labelling Jul 12, 2022
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Thank you for this PR @aaronrobertshaw! cc @afercia since you were checking these labels last week 👍

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Size Change: +4 B (0%)

Total Size: 1.26 MB

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Base automatically changed from update/border-control-labelling to trunk July 14, 2022 05:03
@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw force-pushed the update/border-box-control-labelling branch from 544683d to ba8a734 Compare July 14, 2022 07:57
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I wonder if, given the recent changes to BorderControl, is it going to be ok to have nested fieldsets. I have looked around for answers, and only found a few pointers.

It is possible to nest one fieldset element inside another, but it is not recommended. Screen readers do not automatically indicate the end of the fieldset element, so it is impossible for screen reader users to confidently know which fields belong within which fieldset.

Source https://accessibility.blog.gov.uk/2016/07/22/using-the-fieldset-and-legend-elements/

Also found a few interesting related comments in https://www.tpgi.com/fieldsets-legends-and-screen-readers/

An alternative approach, according to the official W3C's guidelines, would be to use a div role=group and the aria-labelledby attribute — @afercia , do you have any insights?

@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw force-pushed the update/border-box-control-labelling branch from ba8a734 to cd7ee29 Compare July 18, 2022 02:35
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Thanks for the link to the alternate approach in the W3c Guidelines @ciampo 🙇

I've updated this PR to adopt the div[role="group"] & aria-labelledby approach.

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ciampo commented Jul 18, 2022

It would be great if @afercia could help us validate this new approach.

If the approach is validated, we could even consider using this approach for BorderControl, to avoid any potential nested fieldset/legend in higher level components?

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afercia commented Jul 18, 2022

Thanks for working on this and for the ping.
I'd agree nesting fieldset elements is not recommended. It may make sense for large, complex, forms but that's not our case. Also, nesting fieldset elements impacts the way screen readers announce the group.

The post on accessibility.blog.gov.uk is a very good and informative source. It's the page I usually point people to for fieldset and legend related questions. However, the statement:

Screen readers do not automatically indicate the end of the fieldset element

isn't entirely accurate. Actually, some screen readers do announce the end of a fieldset, some don't. I'm assuming that statement mostly refers to the case of nested fieldsets.

An alternative approach, according to the official W3C's guidelines, would be to use a div role=group and the aria-labelledby attribute

Not surprisingly, the way screen readers announce this pattern may be slightly different from the way they announce a HTML fieldset + legend. In my testing, some screen readers repeat the legend when focusing each input field within the fieldset. They don't do this with the ARIA pattern.

While this would be a minor inconsistency, the golden rule we should follow is to always use HTML features when possible and avoid unnecessary ARIA. See the First Rule of ARIA Use.

I haven't looked at the code so I'm not sure why there would be nested fieldsets but if possible I'd recommend to make a little effort to stick with HTML features and use only one fieldset + legend.

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ciampo commented Jul 18, 2022

I haven't looked at the code so I'm not sure why there would be nested fieldsets but if possible I'd recommend to make a little effort to stick with HTML features and use only one fieldset + legend.

In the context of #42095, we've been working on making improvements to both BorderControl and BorderBoxControl by using the legend and fieldset HTML elements, following the advice received in #42118 (comment).

Such improvements have already been applied to BorderControl in #42348, while this PR aims at applying them to BorderBoxControl.

The thing is, BorderBoxControl internally uses BorderControl — hence why we would end up in a situation where we have nested fieldset elements.

Given the extra context, do you have any advice on what the best solution would be?

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Thanks for working on this!

Not surprisingly, the way screen readers announce this pattern may be slightly different from the way they announce a HTML fieldset + legend. In my testing, some screen readers repeat the legend when focusing each input field within the fieldset. They don't do this with the ARIA pattern.

Yeah, a quick test of the storybook components on this branch with VoiceOver shows the label for the role="group" element isn't being read out when entering the component by tabbing or when accessing it through the form controls menu; funnily enough if we Shift+Tab in, it does get read 🤔 (For comparison, VoiceOver reads the legend of the neighbouring BorderControl component when entering each of its inputs.)

Could we perhaps make BorderControl render a fieldset by default, but allow it to render as something else with a prop? That would allow us to wrap BorderBoxControl in a fieldset with a legend, while wrapping the BorderControl inside it in a plain div. Maybe just a boolean prop that removes the semantic wrapper and the legend, allowing the form fields to be used as part of a larger semantic grouping?

Unrelated to this PR, but the "Border color and style picker" button is extremely verbose when non-default styles are selected. Are there already planned improvements to that or should I open an issue?

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afercia commented Jul 19, 2022

@ciampo thanks for the clarification. Looking a bit into the code, I'm not sure adding the fieldset + legend to BorderControl is the best option. For example, when clicking on 'Unlink sides' this will render 4 fieldsets/legends, one for each side:

Screenshot 2022-07-19 at 10 10 20

That's a bit too much 🙂 Ideally, there should be only one fieldset/legend wrapping all the 4 controls.

I'd tend to think adding the fieldset/legend to the BorderBoxControl would be a better option. In terms of HTML, I'd recommend to make this UI consistent with the Radius control, with only one fieldset/legend wrapping all the fieds.

Is BorderControl always used internally by some other component? In this case, fieldset/legend could be a responsibility of the wrapping component. Otherwise, maybe make it optional as @tellthemachines suggested.

Aside: does anyone know what the label prop of ToolsPanelItem is supposed to do? I'm not sure it does anything.

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ciampo commented Jul 20, 2022

Is BorderControl always used internally by some other component? In this case, fieldset/legend could be a responsibility of the wrapping component. Otherwise, maybe make it optional as @tellthemachines suggested.

I'll let other folks who are more knowledgeable about how BorderControl is used across the block editor answer to this question — but in general, I agree with the statement above.

Unrelated to this PR, but the "Border color and style picker" button is extremely verbose when non-default styles are selected. Are there already planned improvements to that or should I open an issue?

No planned improvements, AFAIK (cc'ing @aaronrobertshaw )

Aside: does anyone know what the label prop of ToolsPanelItem is supposed to do? I'm not sure it does anything.

From the component's README:

### `label`: `string`
The supplied label is dual purpose.
It is used as:
1. the human-readable label for the panel's dropdown menu
2. a key to locate the corresponding item in the panel's menu context to
determine if the panel item should be displayed.
A panel item's `label` should be unique among all items within a single panel.
- Required: Yes

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Is BorderControl always used internally by some other component? In this case, fieldset/legend could be a responsibility of the wrapping component. Otherwise, maybe make it optional as @tellthemachines suggested.

At present, the BorderControl is only used via the BorderBoxControl in the block and site editors.

Unfortunately, I ran out of time today to update both this PR and the BorderControl but it is first on the list for tomorrow.

Unrelated to this PR, but the "Border color and style picker" button is extremely verbose when non-default styles are selected. Are there already planned improvements to that or should I open an issue?

I'd be happy to change it to anything that is easier on the ear or eyes. I'm open to any suggestions that might strike the right balance between clarity of purpose and brevity. ⚖️

@aaronrobertshaw aaronrobertshaw force-pushed the update/border-box-control-labelling branch from cd7ee29 to d948dbd Compare July 22, 2022 01:27
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Thanks everyone for all the feedback on this. 🙇

Given the BorderControl is exported from the components package and could be used outside of a BorderBoxControl. I've gone ahead and updated the BorderControl to optionally render with a fieldset/legend combo (See #42611).

As for the BorderBoxControl and this PR, I've reverted 7b48963 so a BorderBoxControl will now render as a fieldset again with a legend for its label.

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ciampo commented Jul 22, 2022

Sounds good! Let's focus on #42611 before getting back to this PR

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Closing this PR along with #42611 due to their age and lack of a clear solution for now.

The root issues (#42095, #42630) will remain open as they are still important to address when possible.

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[Feature] UI Components Impacts or related to the UI component system [Focus] Accessibility (a11y) Changes that impact accessibility and need corresponding review (e.g. markup changes). [Type] Enhancement A suggestion for improvement.
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5 participants