n-api: Context for custom async operations

 - Add napi_async_context opaque pointer type.
   (If needed, we could later add APIs for getting the async IDs
   out of this context.)
 - Add napi_async_init() and napi_async_destroy() APIs.
 - Add async_context parameter to napi_make_callback().
 - Add code and checks to test_make_callback to validate async context
   APIs by checking async hooks are called with correct context.
 - Update API documentation.

PR-URL: nodejs/node#15189
Fixes: nodejs/node#13254
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <[email protected]>