Drizzle ORM

If you know SQL, you know Drizzle ORM

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Drizzle ORM is a TypeScript ORM for SQL databases designed with maximum type safety in mind. It comes with a drizzle-kit CLI companion for automatic SQL migrations generation. Drizzle ORM is meant to be a library, not a framework. It stays as an opt-in solution all the time at any levels.

The ORM main philosophy is "If you know SQL, you know Drizzle ORM". We follow the SQL-like syntax whenever possible, are strongly typed ground top and fail at compile time, not in runtime.

Drizzle ORM is being battle-tested on production projects by multiple teams 🚀 Give it a try and let us know if you have any questions or feedback on Discord.

Feature list

• Full type safety
• Smart automated migrations generation
• No ORM learning curve
• SQL-like syntax for table definitions and queries
• Best in class fully typed joins
• Fully typed partial and non-partial selects of any complexity
• Auto-inferring of TS types for DB models for selections and insertions separately
• Zod schema generation
• Zero dependencies

Supported databases

Database	Status
PostgreSQL	✅	Docs
MySQL	✅	Docs
SQLite	✅	Docs
Cloudflare D1	✅	Docs
DynamoDB	⏳
MS SQL	⏳
CockroachDB	⏳

Installation

npm install drizzle-orm
npm install -D drizzle-kit

Feature showcase (PostgreSQL)

Note: don't forget to install pg and @types/pg packages for this example to work.

import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm/expressions';
import { drizzle } from 'drizzle-orm/node-postgres';
import { InferModel, integer, pgTable, serial, text, timestamp, varchar } from 'drizzle-orm/pg-core';
import { sql } from 'drizzle-orm/sql';
import { Pool } from 'pg';

export const users = pgTable('users', {
  id: serial('id').primaryKey(),
  fullName: text('full_name').notNull(),
  phone: varchar('phone', { length: 20 }).notNull(),
  role: text<'user' | 'admin'>('role').default('user').notNull(),
  cityId: integer('city_id').references(() => cities.id),
  createdAt: timestamp('created_at').defaultNow().notNull(),
  updatedAt: timestamp('updated_at').defaultNow().notNull(),
});

export type User = InferModel<typeof users>;
export type NewUser = InferModel<typeof users, 'insert'>;

export const cities = pgTable('cities', {
  id: serial('id').primaryKey(),
  name: text('name').notNull(),
});

export type City = InferModel<typeof cities>;
export type NewCity = InferModel<typeof cities, 'insert'>;

const pool = new Pool({
  connectionString: 'postgres://user:password@host:port/db',
});

const db = drizzle(pool);

// Insert
const newUser: NewUser = {
  fullName: 'John Doe',
  phone: '+123456789',
};
const insertedUsers /* : User[] */ = await db.insert(users).values(newUser).returning();
const insertedUser = insertedUsers[0]!;

const newCity: NewCity = {
  name: 'New York',
};
const insertedCities /* : City[] */ = await db.insert(cities).values(newCity).returning();
const insertedCity = insertedCities[0]!;

// Update
const updateResult /* : { updated: Date }[] */ = await db.update(users)
  .set({ cityId: insertedCity.id, updatedAt: new Date() })
  .where(eq(users.id, insertedUser.id))
  .returning({ updated: users.updatedAt });

// Select
const allUsers /* : User[] */ = await db.select().from(users);

// Select custom fields
const upperCaseNames /* : { id: number; name: string }[] */ = await db
  .select({
    id: users.id,
    name: sql<string>`upper(${users.fullName})`,
  })
  .from(users);

// Joins
// You wouldn't BELIEVE how SMART the result type is! 😱
const allUsersWithCities = await db
  .select({
    id: users.id,
    name: users.fullName,
    city: {
      id: cities.id,
      name: cities.name,
    },
  })
  .from(users)
  .leftJoin(cities, eq(users.cityId, cities.id));

// Delete
const deletedNames /* : { name: string }[] */ = await db.delete(users)
  .where(eq(users.id, insertedUser.id))
  .returning({ name: users.fullName });

See full docs for further reference:

• PostgreSQL
• MySQL
• SQLite