Make builtins.fetchTree return a path as its outPath element

[thufschmitt]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

(builtins.fetchTree foo).outPath is currently a string (pointing to a path in the Nix store).
This means that something like (builtins.fetchTree foo).outPath + "/foo" will copy the whole tree into the store (to get the outPath string), and then return that store path + /foo.

Describe the solution you'd like

Make it a path value instead, and benefit from the extra laziness of paths (thus getting part of the lazy-trees benefits).

This would mean that (builtins.fetchTree foo).outPath + "/foo" would be a path in its own right, and accessing it would only mean copyting the /foo subdirectory into the store.

Describe alternatives you've considered
A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.

Additional context

This is already implemented in the lazy trees branch, would have to be backported to master.

Priorities

Add 👍 to issues you find important.

[edolstra]

It turns out that this is not really possible without lazy trees, since it causes an undesirable double copying of source trees.

For instance, on master we currently have this behaviour:

$ nix eval --impure --expr '(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf").outPath'
"/nix/store/wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source"

$ nix eval --impure --expr '"${(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf")}"'
"/nix/store/wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source"

But if fetchTree returns a path value (instead of string with context), we get this behaviour:

$ nix eval --impure --expr '(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf").outPath'
/nix/store/wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source

$ nix eval --impure --expr '"${(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf")}"'
"/nix/store/03g2lyjysgl3j60gqxdsiqsv7yqlvk0s-wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source"

This is because EvalState::copyPathToStore() sees a path with basename wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source instead of source.

On the lazy-trees branch, we don't get this double copy:

$ nix eval --impure --expr '(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf").outPath'
«github:NixOS/patchelf/7c2f768bf9601268a4e71c2ebe91e2011918a70f»/

$ nix eval --impure --expr '"${(builtins.fetchTree "github:NixOS/patchelf")}"'
"/nix/store/wjb45dlgycjw8759q43js031yjn5l0g5-source"

since fetchTree returns a root directory, which is treated equivalent to having a basename of source.

[roberth]

I see. I've underestimated the amount of lazy-trees behavior that is needed.

I think it's worth exploring a less lazy lazy-trees that doesn't have impurities and is more compatible with existing code, at the cost of doing fetchToStore when misused. For instance toString on such a path value should perform fetchToStore in order to return something deterministic and usable. It's still a really good optimization that way.

[edolstra]

I think the easiest solution is to keep the current behaviour (i.e. fetchTree returns a store path), and in the future, let the user specify lazy behaviour by passing a lazy = true argument to fetchTree.

[nixos-discourse]

This issue has been mentioned on NixOS Discourse. There might be relevant details there:

https://discourse.nixos.org/t/2024-03-11-nix-team-meeting-132/42960/1