Fast flux output and canopy bugfix

Merge remote-tracking branch 'koven/ckoven/fastfluxoutput'

Changes history diagnostics to (1) report carbon productivity fluxes
on the half-hourly rather than daily timestep, (2) correct a subgrid
averaging error for carbon fluxes and states, and (3) add multiple new
diagnostics, such as autotrophic respiration components and patch and
cohort numbers.

Fixes: #47 and #52

User interface changes?: Yes: some new variables(AR, GROWTH_RESP,
MAINT_RESP, ED_NPATCHES, ED_NCOHORTS), and one renamed variable
(NPP_hifreq -> NPP_COLUMN)

Code review: @ckoven, @rgknox, changes made after discussions with
@rosiealice

Test suite: ed - Lawrencium-LR3, intel; yellowstone intel, pgi, gnu
Test baseline: None
Test namelist changes: None
Test answer changes: climate changing

Test summary: Pass except for expected restart failures at f09 and
              f19, #14