Linux Build

In this section we are going to go through the process of compiling a basic version of Kratos Multiphysics under linux environments. Specifically, we explain how to compile in the current Ubuntu LTS (16.04 at this moment), with the latest checked libraries. A basic knowledge of Linux is assumed ( execute commands, create directories, etc...).

Please notice that this guide is introductory and many of the steps and software used here can be customized. The only hard restriction is to use a C++11 compatible compiler.

Git

Objectives:
Install git
Get Kratos Multiphysics source code

The first thing you will need is the Kratos Multiphysics source code. To download the code you will have to use a git. You can install the default git by using this command:

sudo apt-get install git

Once git is installed you can fetch the code by using these commands:

git clone https://github.com/KratosMultiphysics/Kratos Kratos

Dev Packages

Objectives:
Get Python3-dev
Get G++
Get Fortran compiler
Get LIBBLAS and LIBLAPACK

You will need a series of packages with some kratos dependencies. The command below will install all the packages needed. It will allow you to compile with python2 or python3 so you will be able to chose later ( we recommend python3 )

sudo apt-get install python-dev python3-dev gcc g++ gfortran libblas-dev liblapack-dev

Boost

Objectives:
Compile boost libraries

⚠️ Version 1.60, 1.62, 1.63 and 1.64 are not compatible with Kratos

The next step will consist in compile Boost. Kratos Multiphysics needs Boost libraries to support some of its functions. You can use any version from version 1.54 onward, except version 1.60, 1.62, 1.63 and 1.64, which are not supported.

It's very important to add the correct path to the boost library in the configure.sh, see more below. You can download boost from its official website:

http://www.boost.org/users/download/

Navigate to the directory where you have extracted boost and execute this command:

sh bootstrap.sh

Some additional files will be generated.

By default, boost will try to link with python 2.7. '''It is important to manually specify that we want to use python 3 by adding “using python : 3.5 : /usr ;”''' to the file project-config.jam. It will look like this:

# Boost.Build Configuration
# Automatically generated by bootstrap.sh

import option ;
import feature ;

# Compiler configuration. This definition will be used unless
# you already have defined some toolsets in your user-config.jam
# file.
if ! gcc in [ feature.values <toolset> ]
{
    using gcc ; 
}
    
project : default-build <toolset>gcc ;

# Python configuration
using python : 3.5 : /usr ;

# List of --with-<library> and --without-<library>
# options. If left empty, all libraries will be built.
# Options specified on the command line completely
# override this variable.
libraries =  ;

# These settings are equivalent to corresponding command-line
# options.
option.set prefix : /usr/local ;
option.set exec-prefix : /usr/local ;
option.set libdir : /usr/local/lib ;
option.set includedir : /usr/local/include ;

# Stop on first error
option.set keep-going : false ;

After modifying it you will have to compile the required boost libraries using this command. Notice that this will only compile “serialization” and “python” libraries. If you need further libraries, you will need to explicitly tell boost to compile them.

./b2 stage --with-python --with-serialization cxxflags="-std=c++11" link=shared,static

If you don't intend to debug your code you may want to compile with the variant=release option which will significantly reduce the compilation time:

./b2 stage --with-python --with-serialization cxxflags="-std=c++11" variant=release link=shared,static

⚠️ If you use boost 1.65 or greater + python3 you will have to add this line to the configure file:

-DBOOST_PYTHON_SUFFIX="3" \

CMake

Objectives:
Install CMake

CMake is the tool used to compile kratos. To install it, the first option is to execute the following command. Please ensure that you '''use CMake 3.4 or higher''':

sudo apt-get install cmake

⚠️ If there is no other alternative but CMake 2.8 or earlier please refer to old verions of CMake

Configure

Objectives:
Configure Kratos for the first time compilation

In order to compile kratos for the first time you will need to configure the project. First, navigate to your kratos/cmake_build folder and make a copy of the template file:

cp example_configure.sh.do_not_touch configure.sh

Then, open configure.sh with any text editor and modify the lines that tell cmake where some components are located. You will need to provide at least '''BOOST_ROOT''', '''PYTHON_LIBRARY''' and '''PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR'''. Remember that with boost 1.65 and python3 you will also have to add '''-DBOOST_PYTHON_SUFFIX="3"'''.

Kratos has moved to C++11 recently, Please mind to add the "-std=c++11" to your compiler of choice. If you follow the example below, it is already present ( notice the flag in CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS, highlighted in bold)

For example, in ubuntu it will look something like:

cmake ..                                                                      \
-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc                                               \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH="/home/example/kratos/libs"                             \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH=TRUE                                      \
-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++                                             \
-DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -msse3"                                     \
-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -msse3 -std=c++11"                      \
-DBOOST_ROOT="~/compiled_libraries/boost_1_59_0"                              \
-DPYTHON_LIBRARY="/usr/lib/python3.5/config-3.5m-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.5m.so" \
-DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR="/usr/include/python3.5"                                 \
-DMESHING_APPLICATION=ON                                                      \
-DEXTERNAL_SOLVERS_APPLICATION=ON                                             \
    
// More options ( do not include this line )

Note that the "" must be the last character in the line. Even an space will cause an error! (and the returned message is completely misleading, so be careful with this!!)

Notice that you can also turn ON/OFF parts of the code according to your necessities:

-DSTRUCTURAL_APPLICATION=ON/OFF

⚠️ Cmake requires all definitions in a single line! The line concatenation character '' therefore MUST NOT be followed by any whitespace in the same line as this would prevent the cmake from running the lines below

Compile

Objectives:
Compile kratos.

If you followed all the steps correctly, compiling kratos should be as easy as executing the configure script:

sh configure.sh

Please, notice that kratos is big and the compilation process can easily take 1 or 2 hours, depending on which applications are being compiled. A typical compilation process with the default configuration takes approximately 45 minutes with a i7 / 8GB Ram computer.

Setting up your enviroment

Objectives:
Tell Linux how to execute kratos

Once Kratos is compiled, you will have to tell the OS where to find the libraries. You can do that by executing these commands. Notice that '''you have to put the same path as in the section "Configure"'''

echo "export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/path/to/my/kratos/installation" >> $HOME/.bashrc
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/path/to/my/kratos/installation/libs" >> $HOME/.bashrc

If you have enabled the embedded python option -DINSTALL_EMBEDDED_PYTHON=ON, you can also add

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/my/kratos/installation" >> $HOME/.bashrc

In order to have the "runkratos" available as a regular command.

Now each time you open a terminal these commands will be executed and the paths set automatically. If you don't want to reset your terminal the first time, just execute:

source ~/.bashrc

Test

Objectives:
Tests kratos

To to tests the compilation, you can execute a simple python script containing this line:

from KratosMultiphysics import *

We strongly recommend you to run kratos scripts with the "runkratos" binary that will be generated inside your Kratos installation folder. You can also run them by using python (if you have compiled with python version 2.x.x), or python3 (if you have compiled with python version 3.x.x)

runkratos test.py
python test.py
python3 test.py

If everething was ok you will see this message:

     |  /           |             
     ' /   __| _` | __|  _ \   __|
     . \  |   (   | |   (   |\__ \ 
    _|\_\_|  \__,_|\__|\___/ ____/
               Multi-Physics 3.3.11016

Troubleshooting

In this section we provide will try to provide solutions to the most common problems and issues that may appear during the compilation process

Cannot find KratosMultiphysics

Make sure that LD_LIBRARY_PATH and PYTHONPATH are pointing to your kratos folder. To make sure that the variables are set correctly, you can always print their value from the terminal by typing:

echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH

echo $PYTHONPATH

echo $PATH

Some shell interpreters have issues with the separator token. If environment variables above listed are correctly set, try to remove the ":" if kratos is the only path there.

# This may cause problem
echo $PYTHONPATH
:path/to/kratos

# Should be
export PYTHONPATH=path/to/kratos
echo $PYTHONPATH
path/to/kratos

I am getting Python link errors

This errors appear if the version of python used to compile boost is not the same as the one used by Kratos.

There are several causes that may be causing this. Pleas try the following:

Python version mismatch

The most provable reason for this error to happend is a missmatch between the python versions used by Kratos and Boost. Please, double check you have the same version of python in the projet-config.jam (boost) and configure.sh (Kratos) files.

Old version of CMake

If the error remains, please check that CMake version is 3.0.2 or newer. If it is not, it will be unable to load python 3.4. To solve the error please upgrade to CMake 3.0.2.

It has been observed that compiling with IDE's ( QTCreator, Netbeans, ...) sometimes causes this error as well. If you are experiencing this problem, try to modify the configure.sh script and replace '''cmake''' by the absolute path of CMake 3.0.2:

/path/to/correct/cmake ..                                                     \
-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc                                               \
...

If for some reason you have to use an older version of CMake you can manually add support for python 3.4 by adding the version to these files:

/usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindPythonLibs.cmake (line 41)
/usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindPythonInterp.cmake (line 36)

Please add the version at the begining of the list:

SET(_PYTHON1_VERSIONS 1.6 1.5)
SET(_PYTHON2_VERSIONS 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0)
SET(_PYTHON3_VERSIONS 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0)

I am getting lots of warnings when I compile Kratos

It is known that in some cases warnings appear while including boost files due to the fact that the flag "-Wunused-local-typedefs" is set by default in gcc.

This does not have any impact on the final code, but if you want a cleaner output you can add the flag "-Wno-unused-local-typedefs" to the configuration files:

-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -msse3 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs"      \
-DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -msse3 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs"          \

Compiling with MPI

If you want to compile the MPI-version of Kratos, you need to

Have a MPI installation (e.g. OpenMPI or Intel MPI)
compile boost with MPI-support
Install ParMETIS
Install Trilinos

OpenMPI

The latest version tested is 2.1.1

Boost with MPI-support

For general information about the usable version, see the beginning of this page. Use the following three commands to compile boost with MPI-support. You might have to adjust the version of python that you are using

./bootstrap.sh --with-python-version=3.5 --with-libraries=python,mpi,serialization

Add "using mpi ;" at the end of "project-configure.jam" (Source and more Info)

./b2 stage --with-python --with-serialization --with-mpi variant=release cxxflags="-std=c++11" link=shared
./b2 install

ParMETIS

The latest version working with Kratos is 3.2.0. Edit the makefile Makefile.in to look like this:

# Which compiler to use
CC = mpicc


# What optimization level to use
#OPTFLAGS = -g
OPTFLAGS = -O3 

# Include directories for the compiler
INCDIR = 

# What options to be used by the compiler
#COPTIONS = -g 
COPTIONS = -fPIC

# Which loader to use
LD = mpicc

# In which directories to look for any additional libraries
LIBDIR = 

# What additional libraries to link the programs with (eg., -lmpi)
#XTRALIBS = -lefence
#XTRALIBS = -ldmalloc

# What archiving to use
AR = ar rv

# What to use for indexing the archive
#RANLIB = ranlib
RANLIB = ar -ts

VERNUM = 3.2.0

Build ParMETIS with:

make lib

Trilinos

The latest version tested with Kratos is 12.10.1.

It is recommended to create a build directory in the root folder of Trilinos. Inside this folder, create a do-configure.sh to compile Trilinos.

If you use LAPACK 3.6 or newer, then you have to apply the following fixes: (sources: 1, 2):

In trilinos-12.10.1-Source/packages/epetra/src/Epetra_LAPACK_wrappers.h

Change

#define DGGSVD_F77  F77_BLAS_MANGLE(dggsvd,DGGSVD)
#define SGGSVD_F77  F77_BLAS_MANGLE(sggsvd,SGGSVD)

to

#define DGGSVD_F77  F77_BLAS_MANGLE(dggsvd3,DGGSVD3)
#define SGGSVD_F77  F77_BLAS_MANGLE(sggsvd3,SGGSVD3)

This is an example for a do-configure.sh. Of course, the paths have to be adjusted

TRILINOS_ROOT="${HOME}/software/kratos/trilinos"
EXTRA_LINK_FLAGS=""
EXTRA_ARGS=$@
MPI_ROOT="${HOME}/software/ompi"
METIS_ROOT="{HOME}/software/kratos/parmetis/ParMetis-3.2.0"
LAPACK_ROOT="${HOME}/software/kratos/lapack/lapack-3.7.0"

rm CMakeCache.txt
rm -rf CMakeFiles
rm *.cmake

cmake \
  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:FILEPATH="${TRILINOS_ROOT}" \
  -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=RELEASE \
  -D Trilinos_SOURCE_DIR="${TRILINOS_SOURCE}" \
  -D CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpicxx \
  -D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpicc \
  -D CMAKE_Fortran_COMPILER=mpif90 \
  -D TPL_ENABLE_MPI:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_CXX11=ON\
  -D MPI_BASE_DIR="${MPI_ROOT}" \
  -D MPI_INCLUDE_DIRS:PATH="${MPI_ROOT}/include" \
  -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS:BOOL=ON \
  -D BLAS_LIBRARY_DIRS:FILEPATH="${LAPACK_ROOT}" \
  -D BLAS_LIBRARY_NAMES:STRING="librefblas.a" \
  -D LAPACK_LIBRARY_DIRS:FILEPATH="${LAPACK_ROOT}" \
  -D LAPACK_LIBRARY_NAMES:STRING="liblapack.a" \
  -D TPL_ENABLE_ParMETIS:BOOL=ON \
  -D ParMETIS_INCLUDE_DIRS:PATH="${METIS_ROOT}" \
  -D ParMETIS_LIBRARY_NAMES:STRING="parmetis" \
  -D ParMETIS_LIBRARY_DIRS:PATH="${METIS_ROOT}" \
  -D TPL_ENABLE_METIS:BOOL=ON \
  -D METIS_INCLUDE_DIRS:PATH="${METIS_ROOT}/METISLib" \
  -D METIS_LIBRARY_NAMES:STRING="metis" \
  -D METIS_LIBRARY_DIRS:PATH="${METIS_ROOT}" \
  -D Trilinos_EXTRA_LINK_FLAGS:STRING="$EXTRA_LINK_FLAGS" \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Amesos:BOOL=ON \
  -D Amesos_ENABLE_SuperLUDist:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Anasazi:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_AztecOO:BOOL=ON \
  -D AztecOO_ENABLE_Teuchos:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Didasko:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Epetra:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_EpetraExt:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Galeri:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Ifpack:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_ML:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_PyTrilinos:BOOL=OFF \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Teuchos:BOOL=ON \
  -D Trilinos_ENABLE_Triutils:BOOL=ON \
  -D DART_TESTING_TIMEOUT:STRING=600 \
  -D CMAKE_Fortran_FLAGS:STRING="-O5 -funroll-all-loops -fPIC" \
  -D CMAKE_C_FLAGS:STRING="-O3 -fPIC -funroll-loops -march=native" \
  -D CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS:STRING="-O3 -fPIC -funroll-loops -ffast-math -march=native -DMPICH_IGNORE_CXX_SEEK" \
 $EXTRA_ARGS \
 ${TRILINOS_SOURCE}

Build Trilinos with:

sh do-configure.sh 
make
make install

Kratos

Add the following lines to your configure.sh:

-DPARMETIS_ROOT_DIR="/path/to/parmetis/ParMetis-3.2.0"       \
-DMETIS_APPLICATION=ON                                       \
-DTRILINOS_ROOT="/path/to/trilinos/trilinos-12.10.1-Source"  \
-DTRILINOS_APPLICATION=ON                                    \

Now Kratos will be compiled with MPI-support.

Testing MPI compilation

To to tests the compilation, you can execute a simple python script containing these lines:

from KratosMultiphysics import *
from KratosMultiphysics.mpi import *
from KratosMultiphysics.MetisApplication import *
from KratosMultiphysics.TrilinosApplication import *

Running Kratos in MPI

To execute Kratos in parallel, you can for example use the mpiexec command (running with 4 processes):

mpiexec -np 4 python3 MainKratos.py

Additional information regarding the compilation can be found here

Project information

Getting Started

Getting Kratos (Last compiled Release)
- Kratos for Linux
- Kratos for Windows
- Kratos for GiD
Compiling Kratos
- See INSTALL.md

Tutorials

Developers

Kratos structure

Conventions

Local Axes Orientation

Solvers

Debugging, profiling and testing

HOW TOs

Utilities

Kratos API

MultiPoint Constraint (MPC) interface

Kratos Structural Mechanics API

Documentation about the Constitutive Laws

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