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[DEMApplication] New linear contact force model #13008
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021819c
Added new force model
rlrangel 2e4f974
Minor
rlrangel 999a709
Minor
rlrangel f6d143b
Small fix
rlrangel e86dcc2
Small fix
rlrangel ef1242b
Small fix
rlrangel 140ab44
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rlrangel 596eb13
Moved template function to header
rlrangel 15aca16
Modified reference literature
rlrangel 259efd7
Merge branch 'master' into dem-new-force-model
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103 changes: 103 additions & 0 deletions
103
applications/DEMApplication/custom_constitutive/DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb_CL.cpp
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ | ||
| // Kratos Multi-Physics - DEM Application | ||
| // | ||
| // License: BSD License | ||
| // Kratos default license: kratos/license.txt | ||
| // | ||
| // Main authors: Rafael Rangel ([email protected]) | ||
| // | ||
| // References using this model: | ||
| // R.L. Rangel et al. (2024). Multiscale data-driven modeling of the thermomechanical behavior of granular media with thermal expansion effects. Computers and Geotechnics, 176:106789. | ||
| // R.L. Rangel et al. (2024). A continuum-discrete multiscale methodology using machine learning for thermal analysis of granular media. Computers and Geotechnics, 168:106118. | ||
| // Guo & Zhao (2014). coupled FEM/DEM approach for hierarchical multiscale modelling of granular media. IJNME, 99(11):789-818. | ||
| // | ||
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| #include "DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb_CL.h" | ||
| #include "custom_elements/spheric_particle.h" | ||
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| namespace Kratos { | ||
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| DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw::Pointer DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::Clone() const { | ||
| DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw::Pointer p_clone(new DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb(*this)); | ||
| return p_clone; | ||
| } | ||
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| std::unique_ptr<DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw> DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::CloneUnique() { | ||
| return Kratos::make_unique<DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb>(); | ||
| } | ||
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| std::string DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::GetTypeOfLaw() { | ||
| std::string type_of_law = "Linear"; | ||
| return type_of_law; | ||
| } | ||
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| void DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::Check(Properties::Pointer pProp) const { | ||
| if (!pProp->Has(STATIC_FRICTION)) { | ||
| if (!pProp->Has(FRICTION)) { //deprecated since April 6th, 2020 | ||
| KRATOS_WARNING("DEM") << std::endl; | ||
| KRATOS_WARNING("DEM") << "WARNING: Variable STATIC_FRICTION or FRICTION should be present in the properties when using DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw. 0.0 value assigned by default." << std::endl; | ||
| KRATOS_WARNING("DEM") << std::endl; | ||
| pProp->GetValue(STATIC_FRICTION) = 0.0; | ||
| } | ||
| else { | ||
| pProp->GetValue(STATIC_FRICTION) = pProp->GetValue(FRICTION); | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
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| void DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::CalculateForces(const ProcessInfo& r_process_info, | ||
| const double OldLocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalDeltDisp[3], | ||
| double LocalRelVel[3], | ||
| double indentation, | ||
| double previous_indentation, | ||
| double ViscoDampingLocalContactForce[3], | ||
| double& cohesive_force, | ||
| SphericParticle* element1, | ||
| SphericParticle* element2, | ||
| bool& sliding, | ||
| double LocalCoordSystem[3][3]) { | ||
| // Compute stiffness coefficients | ||
| const double my_radius = element1->GetRadius(); | ||
| const double other_radius = element2->GetRadius(); | ||
| const double equiv_radius = 2.0 * my_radius * other_radius / (my_radius + other_radius); | ||
| const double my_young = element1->GetYoung(); | ||
| const double my_poisson = element1->GetPoisson(); | ||
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| mKn = my_young * equiv_radius; // normal | ||
| mKt = my_poisson * mKn; // tangent | ||
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| // Compute normal and tangent forces | ||
| const double normal_contact_force = mKn * indentation; | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[2] = normal_contact_force; | ||
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| CalculateTangentialForceWithNeighbour(normal_contact_force, OldLocalElasticContactForce, LocalElasticContactForce, LocalDeltDisp, sliding, element1, element2); | ||
| } | ||
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| void DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb::CalculateForcesWithFEM(const ProcessInfo& r_process_info, | ||
| const double OldLocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalDeltDisp[3], | ||
| double LocalRelVel[3], | ||
| double indentation, | ||
| double previous_indentation, | ||
| double ViscoDampingLocalContactForce[3], | ||
| double& cohesive_force, | ||
| SphericParticle* const element, | ||
| Condition* const wall, | ||
| bool& sliding) { | ||
| // Compute stiffness coefficients | ||
| const double my_radius = element->GetRadius(); | ||
| const double my_young = element->GetYoung(); | ||
| const double my_poisson = element->GetPoisson(); | ||
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| mKn = my_young * my_radius; // normal | ||
| mKt = my_poisson * mKn; // tangent | ||
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| // Compute normal and tangent forces | ||
| const double normal_contact_force = mKn * indentation; | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[2] = normal_contact_force; | ||
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| CalculateTangentialForceWithNeighbour(normal_contact_force, OldLocalElasticContactForce, LocalElasticContactForce, LocalDeltDisp, sliding, element, wall); | ||
| } | ||
| } // namespace Kratos | ||
106 changes: 106 additions & 0 deletions
106
applications/DEMApplication/custom_constitutive/DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb_CL.h
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ | ||
| // Kratos Multi-Physics - DEM Application | ||
| // | ||
| // License: BSD License | ||
| // Kratos default license: kratos/license.txt | ||
| // | ||
| // Main authors: Rafael Rangel ([email protected]) | ||
| // | ||
| // References using this model: | ||
| // R.L. Rangel et al. (2024). Multiscale data-driven modeling of the thermomechanical behavior of granular media with thermal expansion effects. Computers and Geotechnics, 176:106789. | ||
| // R.L. Rangel et al. (2024). A continuum-discrete multiscale methodology using machine learning for thermal analysis of granular media. Computers and Geotechnics, 168:106118. | ||
| // Guo & Zhao (2014). coupled FEM/DEM approach for hierarchical multiscale modelling of granular media. IJNME, 99(11):789-818. | ||
| // | ||
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| #pragma once | ||
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| #include <string> | ||
| #include "DEM_discontinuum_constitutive_law.h" | ||
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| namespace Kratos { | ||
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| class SphericParticle; | ||
| class KRATOS_API(DEM_APPLICATION) DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb : public DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw { | ||
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| public: | ||
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| using DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw::CalculateNormalForce; | ||
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| KRATOS_CLASS_POINTER_DEFINITION(DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb); | ||
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| DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb() {} | ||
| ~DEM_D_Linear_Simple_Coulomb() {} | ||
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| DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw::Pointer Clone() const override; | ||
| std::unique_ptr<DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw> CloneUnique() override; | ||
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| std::string GetTypeOfLaw() override; | ||
| virtual void Check(Properties::Pointer pProp) const override; | ||
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| void CalculateForces(const ProcessInfo& r_process_info, | ||
| const double OldLocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalDeltDisp[3], | ||
| double LocalRelVel[3], | ||
| double indentation, | ||
| double previous_indentation, | ||
| double ViscoDampingLocalContactForce[3], | ||
| double& cohesive_force, | ||
| SphericParticle* element1, | ||
| SphericParticle* element2, | ||
| bool& sliding, | ||
| double LocalCoordSystem[3][3]) override; | ||
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| void CalculateForcesWithFEM(const ProcessInfo& r_process_info, | ||
| const double OldLocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalDeltDisp[3], | ||
| double LocalRelVel[3], | ||
| double indentation, | ||
| double previous_indentation, | ||
| double ViscoDampingLocalContactForce[3], | ||
| double& cohesive_force, | ||
| SphericParticle* const element, | ||
| Condition* const wall, | ||
| bool& sliding) override; | ||
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| template<class NeighbourClassType> | ||
| void CalculateTangentialForceWithNeighbour(const double normal_contact_force, | ||
| const double OldLocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| double LocalElasticContactForce[3], | ||
| const double LocalDeltDisp[3], | ||
| bool& sliding, | ||
| SphericParticle* const element, | ||
| NeighbourClassType* const neighbour) { | ||
| // Compute shear force | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[0] = OldLocalElasticContactForce[0] - mKt * LocalDeltDisp[0]; | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[1] = OldLocalElasticContactForce[1] - mKt * LocalDeltDisp[1]; | ||
| const double tangent_contact_force = sqrt(LocalElasticContactForce[0] * LocalElasticContactForce[0] + LocalElasticContactForce[1] * LocalElasticContactForce[1]); | ||
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| // Compute maximum admisible shear force | ||
| Properties& properties_of_this_contact = element->GetProperties().GetSubProperties(neighbour->GetProperties().Id()); | ||
| const double friction_angle_tg = std::tan(properties_of_this_contact[STATIC_FRICTION]); | ||
| const double MaximumAdmisibleShearForce = normal_contact_force * friction_angle_tg; | ||
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| // Check for sliding: apply Coulomb friction condition | ||
| if (tangent_contact_force > MaximumAdmisibleShearForce) { | ||
| sliding = true; | ||
| const double fraction = MaximumAdmisibleShearForce / tangent_contact_force; | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[0] *= fraction; | ||
| LocalElasticContactForce[1] *= fraction; | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
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| private: | ||
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| friend class Serializer; | ||
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| virtual void save(Serializer& rSerializer) const override { | ||
| KRATOS_SERIALIZE_SAVE_BASE_CLASS(rSerializer, DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw) | ||
| } | ||
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| virtual void load(Serializer& rSerializer) override { | ||
| KRATOS_SERIALIZE_LOAD_BASE_CLASS(rSerializer, DEMDiscontinuumConstitutiveLaw) | ||
| } | ||
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| }; | ||
| } |
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Hi Rafael. In this line, you are calculating the tangential stiffness using the "poisson_ratio" from the particle. However, in both of your papers, you were using the item "tangential-to-normal stiffness ratio". To me, the physical significance of those two items is different.
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Zhao actually calls it the Poison ration. I decided to call it tangential-to-normal stiffness ratio in my papers exactly because it has a different physical meaning.