improve instanceof_tfunc to take declared parameter bounds into account

[JeffBezanson]

This fixes the following inference performance issue identified by @andreasnoack :

julia> using DataFrames

julia> @time cumsum(rand(2, 2), dims=1);
 59.742860 seconds (72.02 M allocations: 4.530 GiB, 2.89% gc time)

(except on master it's even worse)

What happened here was that a type got inferred as CartesianIndices{A,B} where {A,B} --- there are no limits on A and B even though the type has some declared bounds. That in turn caused us to infer into methods that actually could not be applicable, because we thought iterate(::CartesianIndices) might not cover every case. That led to a lot of recursion that made it very hard to infer a lot of code.

It's a bit lucky that this ends up being enough to fix it. Does not help #33336.

[JeffBezanson]

Done with @vtjnash