- selenium server grid with 2 nodes (chrome & firefox)
- mp4 video recording
- VNC access (useful for debugging the container)
- google-chrome-stable
- google-chrome-beta: no longer provided but can still be found here
- google-chrome-unstable: no longer provided but can still be found here
- firefox stable latest
- firefox stable last 18 versions can be found here
- fluxbox (openbox window manager can still be found here)
Selenium 3 docker run ... elgalu/selenium:latest
Selenium 2 docker run ... elgalu/selenium:2 no longer maintained
The purpose of this project is to have Selenium running as simple and as fast as possible.
This purpose is augmented by Zalenium a project which uses this one to provide docker-selenium(s) on-demand.
Zalenium also forwards tests to a Cloud Provider (Sauce Labs, BrowserStack, TestingBot) when necessary.
Note SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium and this one share the same purpose however both projects have diverged considerably in the last two years, some major differences are:
- both browsers and also the grid are on the same container in this repo
- support for video recording
- process manager: this image uses supervisord while the official uses bash
Even though both projects share the same purpose is good to have alternatives, see also for example docker-alpine-selenium. Letting more than 1 docker-selenium project grow to be able to learn from each other's success or failures ultimately impacts the final users positively. This doesn't discard that at some point all selenium maintainers will sit together a sprint to coordinate some major changes and cleanup open issues and perhaps we might merge N similar projects in the future.
If you don't require a real browser PhantomJS might be enough for you. Electron allows to use the latest Chromium/V8 which might be equivalent to running in Chrome however still requires a display so xvfb is needed. You can also use a paid service like Sauce Labs or BrowserStack, note they offer free open source accounts and straightforward integration with Travis CI. You can also configure xvfb yourself but it involves some manual steps and doesn't include video recording, nor does PhantomJS nor Electron. A new chrome --headless feature looks quite promising so might we worth to take a look though as of now leaves video recording out of scope there and Firefox also out of scope.
This project is normally tested in the last version of Docker and docker-compose and also in the release candidates. To figure out the currently used specific versions it surely works on, see file .travis.yml example values:
docker --version #=> 1.13.0
docker-compose --version #=> 1.10.0
If you need to use docker-machine to run docker (like for example on a Mac before the Docker native version 1.12), you also need to install VirtualBox and then run these commands to get started:
docker-machine create --driver virtualbox default
eval "$(docker-machine env default)"You will need to run the second eval command for every new terminal window.
-
Pull the image and run the container
docker pull elgalu/selenium #upgrades to latest if a newer version is available docker run -d --name=grid -p 4444:24444 -p 5900:25900 \ -e TZ="US/Pacific" -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged elgalu/selenium -
Wait until the grid starts properly before starting the tests (Optional but recommended)
docker exec grid wait_all_done 30s # Or if docker exec is not available (eg. circleci) wget --retry-connrefused --no-check-certificate -T 30 http://localhost:4444/grid/console -O /dev/null
After this, Selenium will be up and ready to accept clients at http://localhost:4444/wd/hub. The grid's available browsers can be viewed by opening the console at http://localhost:4444/grid/console.
If you are using Mac (OSX) or Microsoft Windows localhost won't work unless you are in Docker Beta (version >= 1.12) If you are using Docker version <= 1.11 please find out the correct IP through docker-machine ip default.
Notes:
- The new default
VNC_PASSWORD=nowill make it VNC passwordless accessible. - Once this docker feature is in place
wait_all_donewon't be necessary anymore.
Shutdown gracefully
docker exec grid stop
docker stop grid
Shutdown immediately, no mercy
docker rm -vf grid
See docker-compose
See jenkins
We now have a better suited product for this use case, is called Zalenium
This image is designed to run one test on each docker container but if you still want to run multiple tests in parallel you can still do so with Zalenium
If you want to limit yourself to this project, you still can. There are some ways to do it:
-
The recommended way is via docker-compose and you should replace
mockwith your web service under test within the docker-compose.yml file.docker-compose -p grid up --force-recreate docker-compose -p grid scale mock=1 hub=1 chrome=3 firefox=3 -
The (not recommended) way is by increasing
MAX_INSTANCESandMAX_SESSIONSwhich now defaults to 1.docker run -d --name=grid -p 4444:24444 -p 5900:25900 \ -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged \ -e MAX_INSTANCES=20 -e MAX_SESSIONS=20 \ elgalu/selenium
The drawback is that all tests will run on the same desktop meaning the video recording will only capture the browser in the foreground but it's in the roadmap to make all this transparent, see issues #78 and #77.
Another problem with increasing MAX_INSTANCES & MAX_SESSIONS is focus issues. So in this case is better scale up/down via docker-compose.
If you are in Mac, you need to get the correct IP of the docker machine. One of these two commands should work to get it:
docker-machine ip default
or former:
boot2docker ip
You can set a custom screen size at docker run time by providing SCREEN_WIDTH and SCREEN_HEIGHT environment variables:
docker pull elgalu/selenium
docker run -d --name=grid -p 4444:24444 -p 5900:25900 \
-v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged \
-e SCREEN_WIDTH=1920 -e SCREEN_HEIGHT=1480 \
elgalu/selenium
docker exec grid wait_all_done 10s
open vnc://:hola@localhost:5900
You can control and modify the timezone on a container by using the TZ environment variable through the docker run command, e.g. by adding -e TZ="US/Pacific"
docker run --rm -ti --name=grid -p 4444:24444 -p 5900:25900 \
-e TZ="US/Pacific" \
-v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged elgalu/selenium
Examples:
docker run ... -e TZ="US/Pacific" ...
docker exec grid date
#=> Fri May 20 06:04:58 PDT 2016
docker run ... -e TZ="America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires" ...
docker exec grid date
#=> Fri May 20 10:04:58 ART 2016
docker run ... -e TZ="Europe/Berlin" ...
docker exec grid date
#=> Fri May 20 15:04:58 CEST 2016
This feature was available in previous versions, please go to 2.47.1m to use it.
To configure which Chrome flavor you want to use (stable, beta, unstable), just pass -e CHROME_FLAVOR=beta to docker run. Default is stable.
This feature was available in previous versions, please go to 2.47.1m to use it.
To configure which Firefox version to use, first check available versions in the CHANGELOG. Then pass -e FIREFOX_VERSION=38.0.6 to docker run. Default is the latest number of the available list.
Step by step guide at docs/videos.md
If you create the container with -e VIDEO=true it will start recording a video through the vnc connection run upon start.
It is recommended to create first a local folder videos in your current directory, and mount the videos directory for
an easy transfer with -v $(pwd)/videos:/videos.
Once your tests are done you can either manually stop the recording via docker exec grid /bin-utils/stop-video where
grid is just the arbitrary container chosen name in docker run command. Or simply stop the container and that will stop the video recording automatically.
Relevant environment variables to customize it are:
FFMPEG_FRAME_RATE=25
VIDEO_FILE_NAME="test"
VIDEO_FILE_EXTENSION=mp4
FFMPEG_CODEC_ARGS=""
It is important to note that ffmpeg video recording takes an important amount of CPU usage, even more when a well compressed format like mp4 is selected.
When you don't specify a VNC password, the new default VNC_PASSWORD=no will make it VNC passwordless accessible.
Disabled by default, noVNC provides a browser VNC client so you don't need to install a vnc viewer if you choose so. Note: we were using guacamole before.
Safari Browser already comes with a built-in vnc viewer so this feature is overkill and is disabled by default, just navigate to vnc://localhost:5900 in your Safari browser.
You need to pass the environment variable -e NOVNC=true in order to start the noVNC service and you will be able to open a browser at localhost:6080
docker run --rm -ti --name=grid -p 4444:24444 -p 5900:25900 \
-v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged -p 6080:26080 -e NOVNC=true \
elgalu/selenium
You can provide additional NoVNC options such as ?view_only=false to allow you to interact with the virtual desktop which now is read-only by default so you don't mess with the tests accidentally.
If the VNC password was randomly generated find out with
docker exec grid wait_all_done 30s
#=> ... a VNC password was generated for you: ooGhai0aesaesh
If your tests crashes in Chrome you may need to increase shm size or simply start your container by sharing -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged or, alternatively, -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged
docker run ... -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged ...
We also found recently that when missing --privileged haveged will break: haveged: RNDADDENTROPY failed!
Same as Chrome, people have reported the shm fix might also be necessary for Firefox.
In CentOS and apparently since docker 1.10.0 is necessary to disable sandbox mode through --no-sandbox example client implementation.
The error comes along with this message while starting Chrome:
Failed to move to new namespace: PID namespaces supported. Network namespace supported, but failed: errno = Operation not permitted
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");
In Protrator
capabilities: {
browserName: 'chrome',
chromeOptions: {
args: ['--no-sandbox'],
},
},
However this is now the default of this image, see CHROME_ARGS="--no-sandbox" in the Dockerfile so don't be surprised to see the "Stability and security will suffer" banner when opening Chrome inside the container.
We now have a better suited product for this use case, is called Zalenium
Note the below method gives full access to the docker container to the host machine.
Host machine, terminal 1:
sudo apt-get install xserver-xephyr
export XE_DISP_NUM=12 SCREEN_WIDTH=2000 SCREEN_HEIGHT=1500
Xephyr -ac -br -noreset -resizeable \
-screen ${SCREEN_WIDTH}x${SCREEN_HEIGHT} :${XE_DISP_NUM}
Host machine, terminal 2:
docker run --rm --name=ch -p=4444:24444 \
-v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged \
-e SCREEN_WIDTH -e SCREEN_HEIGHT -e XE_DISP_NUM \
-v /tmp/.X11-unix/X${XE_DISP_NUM}:/tmp/.X11-unix/X${XE_DISP_NUM} \
elgalu/selenium
3
Now when you run your tests instead of connecting. If docker run fails try xhost +
If you git clone this repo locally, i.e. git clone it and cd into where the Dockerfile is, you can:
docker build -t selenium .
CH=$(docker run --rm --name=CH -p=127.0.0.1::24444 -p=127.0.0.1::25900 \
-v /e2e/uploads:/e2e/uploads selenium)
Note: -v /e2e/uploads:/e2e/uploads is optional in case you are testing browser uploads on your WebApp, you'll probably need to share a directory for this.
The 127.0.0.1:: part is to avoid binding to all network interfaces, most of the time you don't need to expose the docker container like that so just localhost for now.
I like to remove the containers after each e2e test with --rm since this docker container is not meant to preserve state, spawning a new one is less than 3 seconds. You need to think of your docker container as processes, not as running virtual machines in case you are familiar with vagrant.
A dynamic port will be bound to the container ones, i.e.
# Obtain the selenium port you'll connect to:
docker port $CH 4444
#=> 127.0.0.1:49155
# Obtain the VNC server port in case you want to look around
docker port $CH 25900
#=> 127.0.0.1:49160
In case you have RealVNC binary vnc in your path, you can always take a look, view only to avoid messing around your tests with an unintended mouse click or keyboard.
./bin/vncview.sh 127.0.0.1:49160
This command line is the same as for Chrome, remember that the selenium running container is able to launch either Chrome or Firefox, the idea around having 2 separate containers, one for each browser is for convenience, plus avoid certain :focus issues your WebApp may encounter during e2e automation.
FF=$(docker run --rm --name=ff -p=127.0.0.1::24444 -p=127.0.0.1::25900 \
-v /e2e/uploads:/e2e/uploads selenium)
CONTAINER_IP=$(docker logs sele10 2>&1 | grep "Container docker internal IP: " | sed -e 's/.*IP: //' -e 's/<.*$//')
echo ${CONTAINER_IP} #=> 172.17.0.34
docker images
#=>
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
selenium latest a13d4195fc1f About an hour ago 2.927 GB
ubuntu xenial-20160525 2fa927b5cdd3 4 weeks ago 122 MB
By default docker run sets the DNS to Google ones 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 however you may need to use your own.
First attempt is to use --dns option, e.g.
docker run --dns=1.1.1.1 --dns=1.1.1.2 <args...>
However this may not work for you and simply want to share the same DNS name resolution than the docker host machine, in which case you should use --net=host along with --pid=host
docker run --net=host --pid=host <args...>
So --pid=host is included to avoid moby/moby#5899 sudo: unable to send audit message: Operation not permitted
Full example using --net=host and --pid=host but for this to work in OSX you need the latest docker mac package, upgrade if you haven't done so in the last month.
docker run -d --name=grid --net=host --pid=host \
-v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged -e SELENIUM_HUB_PORT=4444 \
elgalu/selenium
docker exec grid wait_all_done 30s
./test/python_test.py
docker run -d --net=host --pid=host --name=grid -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm --privileged elgalu/selenium
docker exec grid wait_all_done 30s
All output is sent to stdout so it can be inspected by running:
$ docker logs -f <container-id|container-name>Powered by Supervisor, the container leaves many logs;
/var/log/cont/docker-selenium-status.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-hub-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-hub-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-node-chrome-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-node-chrome-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-node-firefox-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/selenium-node-firefox-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/supervisord.log
/var/log/cont/video-rec-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/video-rec-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/vnc-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/vnc-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/xmanager-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/xmanager-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/xterm-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/xterm-stdout.log
/var/log/cont/xvfb-stderr.log
/var/log/cont/xvfb-stdout.log
See SECURITY.md
See LICENSE.md