fix: add timeout for docker info read to prevent Jib from getting stuck indefinitely

[mpeddada1]

#4311

1. Fixed gradle and maven integration tests to make mock docker executable output OSType and Architecture. As discovered in Investigate SingleProjectIntegrationTest#testBuild_dockerClient getting stuck indefinitely #4311 (comment), Jib ran successfully when the docker client was used but was getting stuck indefinitely when a custom docker client was provided through the jib.dockerClient feature.
2. [Improvement] Added timeout to ensure that Jib doesn't indefinitely get stuck when an output from docker info isn't returned, instead we throw an exception with a helpful message.

Verified locally through ./gradlew integrationTest