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| .vuepress/.cache | ||
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| update.bat |
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| --- | ||
| title: 【教程】vscode+anaconda配置python环境 | ||
| date: 2024/10/9 | ||
| categories: | ||
| - Blog | ||
| author: Sazerac | ||
| tags: | ||
| - python | ||
| - Anaconda | ||
| --- | ||
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| ## 1. 下载vscode | ||
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| - [官网链接](https://code.visualstudio.com/download) | ||
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| 根据自己的电脑情况下载对应的版本，例如`windows`建议下载`System Installer`版本。 | ||
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| <font color="red">！！！文件路径可以根据自己的喜好进行设置。</font> | ||
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| 下载完之后打开，建议勾选全部。 | ||
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|  | ||
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| - 插件推荐 | ||
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| 1. Chinese(Simplified) (简体中文) | ||
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| 2. Prettier- 代码格式化程序 | ||
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| 3. Jupyter-在vscode上面运行jupyter notebook | ||
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| - markdown支持 | ||
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| vscode本身就支持markdown的编辑和渲染，创建`××.md`文件可以直接编辑。 | ||
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| ## 2. Anaconda下载 | ||
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| ### 2.1 下载 | ||
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| - [conda官网](https://www.anaconda.com/download#) | ||
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| - 写入自己的邮箱，并提交。（邮箱下面的选项不建议点） | ||
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|  | ||
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| - 选择合适的版本下载。 | ||
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| - 其他选项默认即可，但是这个安装路径建议不要安装在C盘。（时间比较长，请耐心等待~） | ||
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| - 安装完成~ | ||
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| ### 2.2 配置环境变量： | ||
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| - 在系统设置中找到环境变量，具体步骤是：`windows + S`输入`环境变量`，打开`编辑系统环境变量`出现以下界面：（或者是点击`设置`搜索`环境变量`) | ||
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| - 点击环境变量之后，下面系统变量有一个`Path`点击`编辑` | ||
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| - 找到anaconda的安装路径 | ||
| 将以下三个路径增加到系统路径中，分别`确定`-->`确定`-->`确定`。 | ||
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| - **注意**：这里 D:\Download 是你安装anaconda的路径，根据你自己安装时选择的路径去找。如果找不到，可以在“搜索”中找到 anaconda，再不断定位回anaconda的安装路径即可。 | ||
| 以上三个路径主要表示：**python所在路径**、**conda命令**和**常用脚本**的路径。 | ||
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| - 检验：`windows + R`输入`cmd`进入命令行窗口，分别输入`conda -V`和`python --version`，如果能够像下图那般显示，则证明环境变量配置成功。 | ||
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| ### 2.3 conda常用命令 | ||
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| 1. 创建环境： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda create -n ENV_NAME python=3.×× | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 这是conda创建虚拟环境的一个命令，里面`ENV_NAME`表示你创建的虚拟环境的名字，`python=3.××`表示设置python的版本，例如可以`python=3.10`表示创建虚拟环境中的python版本是3.10。 | ||
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| 2. 激活环境： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda activate ENV_NAME | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 创建好环境并不代表虚拟环境自动运行，需要执行这条命令，`ENV_NAME`仍代表你创建好的环境名称。 | ||
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| 3. 退出环境： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda deactivate | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 4. 删除环境： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda env remove -n ENV_NAME | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 5. 安装包： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda install PACKAGE_NAME | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 和c语言相同，python也有很多**包**，这里面封装了很多方便好用的函数，我们在具体应用中会经常用到这条命令。这个操作我们平时也叫配环境。 | ||
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| 6. 卸载包： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda remove PACKAGE_NAME | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 7. 显示安装的包： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda list | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 8. 显示创建的环境： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda env list | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 9. 添加清华镜像源： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda config --add channels http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main | ||
| conda config --add channels http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free | ||
| conda config --add channels http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r | ||
| conda config --add channels http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro | ||
| conda config --add channels http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 10. 查看当前镜像： | ||
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| ```cmd | ||
| conda config --show channels | ||
| ``` | ||
| ## 3. vscode+conda环境 | ||
| - 打开vscode，添加插件`python`。 | ||
|  | ||
| - 先创建虚拟环境（参照2.3的命令）。具体方法有两种： | ||
| （1）`windows + R`输入cmd，打开命令行文件，输入命令例如`conda create -n test_python python=3.10`，出现以下代表创建成功。 | ||
|  | ||
| （2）或者是打开vscode，点击终端，新建cmd，输入命令，出现最后一张图代表成功。 | ||
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| - 创建新的python文件`test.py`，在右下角可以发现有一个环境的字，我的是`3.11.9('wkk_python':conda)`，点击，可以选择解释器。 | ||
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| - 在文件里输入`print("hello world")`，点击运行。 | ||
|  | ||
| - 打印成功！！！ | ||
| ## 4. 一些其他的工具和配置 | ||
| - `jupyter notebook` | ||
|  | ||
| 在anaconda里面有一个工具很好用叫`jupyter notebook`，是一个学习python很好用的软件，可以在anaaconda里面下载，然后在命令行文件里面输入`jupyter notebook`就可打开编辑了。 | ||
| - vscode里面的jupyter notebook | ||
| 在插件里面搜索jupyter并下载，然后激活创建的conda虚拟环境，运行下面代码： | ||
| ```cmd | ||
| pip install jupyter # 一般已经装好 | ||
| pip install ipykernel | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 然后在vscode里面添加环境，创建`.ipynb`文件，编辑并运行。 | ||
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