Check more static translation calls and update message

[Qrox]

Summary

None

Purpose of change

Clarify the error message for static translation calls and report more static translation calls.

Describe the solution

Check for more static translation calls that won't work as intended, including translation::translated, translation::translated_eq, translation::translated_ne, and translation::translated_lt.

Update the message and add documentation in TRANSLATING.md.

Add missing comparison operators and function objects to translation.h.

Testing

The lit test passes and static translation calls are reported both locally and in CI.

Additional context

The first commit contains a rename of the related files, so it's easier to review the commits separately.