feat(bb): working msan preset (#4618)

This creates a working memory sanitizer preset, but woe be to those who
try and use it outside of this docker script, as it requires very fiddly
building of LLVM.

Shoutout to this json_struct project for the magic incantations:
https://github.com/jorgen/json_struct/blob/89ca33179790d1e82ecb95092cd469f96c3ff06e/docker/ubuntu22.04/Dockerfile#L23
(bullish on searching github for dockerfiles)

To use:

`./scripts/docker_interactive.sh msan.ubuntu`
After initial setup, this will run instantly, and you will be in a setup
with LLVM MSAN set up. Only then will:

`cmake --preset msan && cmake --build --preset msan` will work.
Currently not everything builds, and some stuff uncovers issues, but I
will decouple that.

---------

Co-authored-by: ludamad <[email protected]>

barretenberg/cpp/CMakePresets.json

@@ -159,11 +159,15 @@
       "description": "Build with thread sanitizer on clang16 with debugging information",
       "inherits": "clang16-dbg",
       "binaryDir": "build-msan",
-      "generator": "Unix Makefiles",
       "environment": {
         "CFLAGS": "-fsanitize=memory",
         "CXXFLAGS": "-fsanitize=memory",
         "LDFLAGS": "-fsanitize=memory"
+      },
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "HAVE_STD_REGEX": "ON",
+        "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS": "$env{MSAN_CFLAGS}",
+        "CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS": "$env{MSAN_LFLAGS}"
       }
     },
     {

barretenberg/cpp/dockerfiles/interactive/Dockerfile.msan.ubuntu

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+FROM ubuntu:lunar
+
+RUN apt update && apt install -y \
+  build-essential \
+  curl \
+  git \
+  cmake \
+  lsb-release \
+  wget \
+  software-properties-common \
+  gnupg \
+  ninja-build \
+  npm \
+  libssl-dev \
+  jq \
+  bash \
+  libstdc++6
+
+RUN wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh && chmod +x llvm.sh && ./llvm.sh 16
+
+ENV CXX=clang++-16
+ENV CC=clang-16
+
+RUN git clone --depth 1 -b release/16.x https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project
+
+RUN cd llvm-project
+
+RUN mkdir llvm-project/build
+
+RUN cmake -G Ninja -S llvm-project/runtimes -B llvm-project/build \
+  -DLLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES="libcxx;libcxxabi" \
+  -DLLVM_USE_SANITIZER=MemoryWithOrigins \
+  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt
+
+RUN ninja -C llvm-project/build cxx cxxabi
+RUN ninja -C llvm-project/build install-cxx install-cxxabi
+
+ENV MSAN_CFLAGS="-std=c++20 -fsanitize=memory -nostdinc++ -I/opt/include -I/opt/include/c++/v1"
+ENV MSAN_LFLAGS="-fsanitize=memory -stdlib=libc++ -L/opt/lib -lc++abi -Wl,-rpath,/opt/lib"
+
+WORKDIR /usr/src/barretenberg/cpp
+
+CMD ["/bin/bash"]

barretenberg/cpp/scripts/docker_interactive.sh

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 # Enter script directory.
 set -eu
 cd $(dirname $0)
-# allows for 'alpine' or 'ubuntu'
+# allows for 'alpine', 'ubuntu' or 'msan.ubuntu'
 ENVIRONMENT_KIND="${1:-alpine}"
 DOCKERFILE="../dockerfiles/interactive/Dockerfile.$ENVIRONMENT_KIND"
 docker build -t "env-$ENVIRONMENT_KIND" -f "$DOCKERFILE" .
-docker run -it --mount type=bind,source=$(pwd)/..,target=/usr/src/barretenberg/cpp "env-$ENVIRONMENT_KIND"
+docker run -it --mount type=bind,source=$(pwd)/..,target=/usr/src/barretenberg/cpp "env-$ENVIRONMENT_KIND"