feat(schema): add alias() method that makes it easier to define multiple aliases for a given path

[vkarpov15]

Fix #12368

Summary

One approach we recommend for renaming fields from API requests is using aliases. Here's an example of using an alias to convert the GitHub API's avatar_url response to avatar in Mongoose. But right now there's no way to define multiple aliases for a single field. This PR adds a new schema method, so you can do something like schema.alias('avatar', ['avatar_url', 'photo']).

Examples

[hasezoey]

LGTM, with some minor details

changes to the types still need to be done

[AbdelrahmanHafez]

Nice!

Would also be great if we make the API support arrays of strings as follows:

const schema = new Schema({
  avatar: { type: String, alias: ['avatarURL', 'avatarImageURL'] }
});

Also, would be nice if we could have TS types and tests for those changes.

[hasezoey]

also just to be sure, where is checked that a alias cannot be a special name like __proto__/prototype?

[AbdelrahmanHafez]

LGTM, thanks 👍

[hasezoey]

LGTM