Introduce public API for Hedging Resilience Strategy

src/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HandleHedgingArgumentsTests.cs

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+using Polly.Hedging;
+
+namespace Polly.Core.Tests.Hedging;
+
+public class HandleHedgingArgumentsTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void Ctor_Ok()
+    {
+        var args = new HandleHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext.Get());
+
+        args.Context.Should().NotBeNull();
+    }
+}

src/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingDelayArgumentsTests.cs

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+using Polly.Hedging;
+
+namespace Polly.Core.Tests.Hedging;
+
+public class HedgingDelayArgumentsTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void Ctor_Ok()
+    {
+        var args = new HedgingDelayArguments(ResilienceContext.Get(), 5);
+
+        args.Context.Should().NotBeNull();
+        args.Attempt.Should().Be(5);
+    }
+}

src/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingHandlerTests.cs

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+using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
+using Polly.Hedging;
+using Polly.Strategy;
+
+namespace Polly.Core.Tests.Hedging;
+
+public class HedgingHandlerTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void SetHedging_ConfigureAsInvalid_Throws()
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler();
+
+        handler
+            .Invoking(h => h.SetHedging<int>(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = null!;
+                handler.ShouldHandle = null!;
+            }))
+            .Should()
+            .Throw<ValidationException>()
+            .WithMessage("""
+            The hedging handler configuration is invalid.
+
+            Validation Errors:
+            The ShouldHandle field is required.
+            The HedgingActionGenerator field is required.
+            """);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SetVoidHedging_ConfigureAsInvalid_Throws()
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler();
+
+        handler
+            .Invoking(h => h.SetVoidHedging(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = null!;
+                handler.ShouldHandle = null!;
+            }))
+            .Should()
+            .Throw<ValidationException>()
+            .WithMessage("""
+            The hedging handler configuration is invalid.
+
+            Validation Errors:
+            The ShouldHandle field is required.
+            The HedgingActionGenerator field is required.
+            """);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SetHedging_Empty_Discarded()
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler()
+            .SetHedging<int>(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args => () => Task.FromResult(10);
+            })
+            .SetVoidHedging(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args => () => Task.CompletedTask;
+            });
+
+        handler.IsEmpty.Should().BeTrue();
+        handler.CreateHandler().Should().BeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task SetHedging_Ok()
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler()
+            .SetHedging<int>(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args => () => Task.FromResult(0);
+                handler.ShouldHandle.HandleResult(-1);
+            })
+            .CreateHandler();
+
+        var args = new HandleHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext.Get());
+        handler.Should().NotBeNull();
+        var result = await handler!.ShouldHandleAsync(new Outcome<int>(-1), args);
+        result.Should().BeTrue();
+
+        handler.HandlesHedging<int>().Should().BeTrue();
+
+        var action = handler.TryCreateHedgedAction<int>(ResilienceContext.Get());
+        action.Should().NotBeNull();
+        (await (action!()!)).Should().Be(0);
+
+        handler.TryCreateHedgedAction<double>(ResilienceContext.Get()).Should().BeNull();
+    }
+
+    [InlineData(true)]
+    [InlineData(false)]
+    [Theory]
+    public async Task SetVoidHedging_Ok(bool returnsNullAction)
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler()
+            .SetVoidHedging(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args =>
+                {
+                    args.Context.Should().NotBeNull();
+                    if (returnsNullAction)
+                    {
+                        return null;
+                    }
+
+                    return () => Task.CompletedTask;
+                };
+                handler.ShouldHandle.HandleException<InvalidOperationException>();
+            })
+            .CreateHandler();
+
+        var args = new HandleHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext.Get());
+        handler.Should().NotBeNull();
+        var result = await handler!.ShouldHandleAsync(new Outcome<VoidResult>(new InvalidOperationException()), args);
+        result.Should().BeTrue();
+
+        handler.HandlesHedging<VoidResult>().Should().BeTrue();
+
+        var action = handler.TryCreateHedgedAction<VoidResult>(ResilienceContext.Get());
+        if (returnsNullAction)
+        {
+            action.Should().BeNull();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            action.Should().NotBeNull();
+            (await (action!()!)).Should().Be(VoidResult.Instance);
+        }
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ShouldHandleAsync_UnknownResultType_Null()
+    {
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler()
+            .SetHedging<int>(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args => () => Task.FromResult(0);
+                handler.ShouldHandle.HandleException<InvalidOperationException>();
+            })
+            .SetHedging<string>(handler =>
+            {
+                handler.HedgingActionGenerator = args =>
+                {
+                    args.Context.Should().NotBeNull();
+                    return () => Task.FromResult("dummy");
+                };
+            })
+            .CreateHandler();
+
+        var args = new HandleHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext.Get());
+        (await handler!.ShouldHandleAsync(new Outcome<double>(new InvalidOperationException()), args)).Should().BeFalse();
+        handler.HandlesHedging<double>().Should().BeFalse();
+        handler.TryCreateHedgedAction<double>(ResilienceContext.Get()).Should().BeNull();
+    }
+}

src/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingResilienceStrategyBuilderExtensionsTests.cs

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+using System;
+using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Polly.Hedging;
+
+namespace Polly.Core.Tests.Hedging;
+
+public class HedgingResilienceStrategyBuilderExtensionsTests
+{
+    private readonly ResilienceStrategyBuilder _builder = new();
+
+    public static readonly TheoryData<Action<ResilienceStrategyBuilder>> HedgingCases = new()
+    {
+        builder =>
+        {
+            builder.AddHedging(new HedgingStrategyOptions());
+        },
+        builder =>
+        {
+            builder.AddHedging(new HedgingStrategyOptions<double>
+            {
+                HedgingActionGenerator = args => () => Task.FromResult<double>(0)
+            });
+        },
+    };
+
+    [MemberData(nameof(HedgingCases))]
+    [Theory]
+    public void AddHedging_Ok(Action<ResilienceStrategyBuilder> configure)
+    {
+        configure(_builder);
+        _builder.Build().Should().BeOfType<HedgingResilienceStrategy>();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void AddHedging_InvalidOptions_Throws()
+    {
+        _builder
+            .Invoking(b => b.AddHedging(new HedgingStrategyOptions { Handler = null! }))
+            .Should()
+            .Throw<ValidationException>()
+            .WithMessage("The hedging strategy options are invalid.*");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void AddHedgingT_InvalidOptions_Throws()
+    {
+        _builder
+            .Invoking(b => b.AddHedging(new HedgingStrategyOptions<double> { ShouldHandle = null! }))
+            .Should()
+            .Throw<ValidationException>()
+            .WithMessage("The hedging strategy options are invalid.*");
+    }
+}

src/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingResilienceStrategyTests.cs

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+using Polly.Hedging;
+
+namespace Polly.Core.Tests.Hedging;
+
+public class HedgingResilienceStrategyTests
+{
+    private readonly HedgingStrategyOptions _options = new();
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Ctor_EnsureDefaults()
+    {
+        var strategy = Create();
+
+        strategy.MaxHedgedAttempts.Should().Be(_options.MaxHedgedAttempts);
+        strategy.HedgingDelay.Should().Be(_options.HedgingDelay);
+        strategy.HedgingDelayGenerator.Should().BeNull();
+        strategy.HedgingHandler.Should().BeNull();
+        strategy.HedgingHandler.Should().BeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Execute_Skipped_Ok()
+    {
+        var strategy = Create();
+
+        strategy.Execute(_ => 10).Should().Be(10);
+    }
+
+    [InlineData(-1)]
+    [InlineData(-1000)]
+    [InlineData(0)]
+    [InlineData(1)]
+    [InlineData(1000)]
+    [Theory]
+    public async Task GetHedgingDelayAsync_GeneratorSet_EnsureCorrectGeneratedValue(int seconds)
+    {
+        _options.HedgingDelayGenerator.SetGenerator(args => TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));
+
+        var strategy = Create();
+
+        var result = await strategy.GetHedgingDelayAsync(ResilienceContext.Get(), 0);
+
+        result.Should().Be(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task GetHedgingDelayAsync_NoGeneratorSet_EnsureCorrectValue()
+    {
+        _options.HedgingDelay = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(123);
+
+        var strategy = Create();
+
+        var result = await strategy.GetHedgingDelayAsync(ResilienceContext.Get(), 0);
+
+        result.Should().Be(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(123));
+    }
+
+    private HedgingResilienceStrategy Create() => new(_options);
+}