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advanced

BEHOLD the power of Vim

motion

  • % : go to the corresponding (, {, [
  • */#: go to next/previous occurrence of the word under cursor
  • f<letter> : find(go to next occurrence of the) letter
  • t<letter> : find till(go to just before the occurrence of the) letter
  • F<letter> : go to previous occurrence of the letter
  • T<letter> : go to just before the occurrence of the letter before
  • ;/, : repeat the last f/t/F/T motion forward/backward
  • combine <num><motion>: Repeat motion num of times.

jump

  • H : jump to High position(place the cursor on the top of screen)
  • M : jump to Middle position(place the cursor at the middle of screen)
  • L : jump to Low position(place the cursor at the bottom of screen)
  • '<mark>: jump to mark
  • Ctrl+o: undo jumppings
  • Ctrl+i: redo jumppings
  • Ctrl+]: jump to definition(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)
  • Ctrl+t: reverse previous jump-to-definition behavior(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)
  • g] : similar to Ctrl+] but choose from list of options
  • :tn : jump to the next tag in the list
  • :tp : jump to the previous tag in the list

change (normal-mode)

  • J : join lines together
  • gUU: make the line uppercase
  • guu: make the line lowercase
  • g~~ : switch case of the line
  • ~ : switch case of the letter on cursor
  • Combine:
    • combine <num><change>: Repeat change num of times.
    • combine <change><adjective><position>: For reduplicated change marked with *(i.g. y, >, gU, g~ etc.), apply change from cursor to position.
      • <adjective>(optional): i: in, a: all, <num>: repeat
      • <position>: motion or <num><motion> or {, [, (, ), ], }
    • examples:
      • y$ : yank from the cursor to the end of line
      • diw: delete in word(the word touched by cursor)
      • ca): change(delete and enter insert mode) things within ( and )(included)
      • 2d3w: delete 3 word twice

Insert (insert-mode)

  • Ctrl+n/Ctrl+p : select next/previous option in autocomplete or trigger default autocomplete behavior
  • Ctrl+w : delete word before cursor
  • Ctrl+t : add a indent to current line
  • Ctrl+d : remove a indent of current line
  • Ctrl+u : delete line before cursor
  • Ctrl+x Ctrl+f : autocomplete for file path
  • Ctrl+x Ctrl+] : autocomplete for tags(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)
  • Ctrl+x Ctrl+i : autocomplete from this and included files

Cmdline-mode

  • // : repeat last /<pattern>
  • :Ctrl+n/:Ctrl+p: to select next/previous command
  • /Ctrl+n//Ctrl+p: to select next/previous search
  • :%s/<pattern A>/<pattern B>/g : substitude all the pattern A in file by pattern B
  • :marks: list marks
  • :f: show file path (=Ctrl+g)

mark

  • m<letter>: mark the line with letter
  • '<mark>: jump to mark
  • useful default marks:
    • '" : jump to the cursor position last exiting
    • '' : jump back(to the cursor position before jumping)

register

  • macro
    • q<letter><commands>q : record actions in the letter register
    • @<register> : replay the saved actions once (same as @@)
    • <number>@@ : replay the saved actions N times
  • default registers (Useful)
    • "0: last yank
    • "<1~9>: change history
    • "%:fileName
    • "/: lastest search
    • ":: latest command
    • ".: latest insert
    • "*: system clipboard
  • techniques:
    • "ayy(yank(copy) the current line and store it to register a)
    • "ap(paste contents in register a)
    • @: : replay last command
    • @/ : replay last search

repeating

  • . : repeat the last modification to the file

scrolling

  • zz/z./zt/zb: scroll the screen so that the cursor is in the middle/middle/top/bottom of the screen
  • Ctrl+u/Ctrl+d : scroll up/down (half of screen)

fold

  • zo/zO: fold open
  • zc/zC: fold close
  • zd: fold delete
  • zR: open all recusively
  • zM: close minimize all
  • zf: create a fold

window

  • :new/:vnew: new empty window
  • :qa: close all windows
  • :sp <fileName>/:vsp <fileName>: new window for fileName
  • Ctrl+w v : split vertical
  • Ctrl+w w : switch to the other window
  • Ctrl+w k : move the current window to top
  • Ctrl+w h : move the current window to left
  • Ctrl+w j : move the current window to bottom
  • Ctrl+w l : move the current window to right
  • Ctrl+w | : maximize window in splitted vertically
  • Ctrl+w _ : maximize window in splitted horizontally
  • Ctrl+w = : distribute space equally for opened windows

buffer

  • :e <fileName>: to add <fileName> into buffer
  • :ls: see all the buffers
  • :bu<num>/<num> Ctrl-^: jump to <num> of buffer
  • :bu#/# Ctrl-^: jump to previous buffer
  • :wa: save all the buffers

vimdiff

  • launch
    • bash
      • vimdiff [file_left] [file_right]
      • vim -d [file_left] [file_right]
    • vim visual mode
      • :vertical diffsplit [file_left]
    • compare existing windows
      • :windo diffthis
  • cursor
    • ]c : move to the next difference block
    • [c : move to the last difference block
  • merge
    • do : (diff get) get difference from compared file
    • dp : (diff put) put difference to compared file
  • misc.
    • vim visual mode
      • :diffupdate : update difference between files
      • :set diffopt=context:<number> : change the number of lines of context in each difference block
  • ref

Issue