diff --git a/python/cudf/cudf/tests/dataframe/test_io_serialization.py b/python/cudf/cudf/tests/dataframe/test_io_serialization.py
index 06777c8e6af..911a7f9e865 100644
--- a/python/cudf/cudf/tests/dataframe/test_io_serialization.py
+++ b/python/cudf/cudf/tests/dataframe/test_io_serialization.py
@@ -1 +1,37 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2023, NVIDIA CORPORATION.
+# Copyright (c) 2023-2024, NVIDIA CORPORATION.
+from io import BytesIO
+
+import pandas as pd
+import pyarrow.parquet as pq
+import pytest
+
+import cudf
+from cudf.testing._utils import assert_eq
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "index",
+    [range(1, 11), list(range(1, 11)), range(1, 11)[::2]],
+    ids=["RangeIndex", "IntIndex", "StridedRange"],
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("write_index", [False, True, None])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("empty", [False, True], ids=["nonempty", "empty"])
+def test_dataframe_parquet_roundtrip(index, write_index, empty):
+    if empty:
+        data = {}
+    else:
+        data = {"a": [i * 2 for i in index]}
+    df = cudf.DataFrame(data=data, index=index)
+    pf = pd.DataFrame(data=data, index=index)
+    gpu_buf = BytesIO()
+    cpu_buf = BytesIO()
+
+    df.to_parquet(gpu_buf, index=write_index)
+    pf.to_parquet(cpu_buf, index=write_index)
+    gpu_table = pq.read_table(gpu_buf)
+    cpu_table = pq.read_table(cpu_buf)
+    assert gpu_table.schema.pandas_metadata == cpu_table.schema.pandas_metadata
+
+    gpu_read = cudf.read_parquet(gpu_buf)
+    cpu_read = cudf.read_parquet(cpu_buf)
+    assert_eq(gpu_read, cpu_read)