某个图书网站,希望看到双十一秒杀期间实时的热销排行榜单。我们可以将“实时热门商品”翻译成程序员更好理解的需求:每隔5秒钟输出最近一小时内点击量最多的前 N 个商品/图书.
将这个需求进行分解我们大概要做这么几件事情:
- 告诉 Flink 框架基于时间做窗口,我们这里用processingTime,不用自带时间戳
- 过滤出图书点击行为数据
- 按一小时的窗口大小,每5秒钟统计一次,做滑动窗口聚合(Sliding Window)
- 聚合,输出窗口中点击量前N名的商品
public class KafkaProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
DataStreamSource<String> text = env.addSource(new MyNoParalleSource()).setParallelism(1);
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("bootstrap.servers", "127.0.0.1:9092");
//new FlinkKafkaProducer("topn",new KeyedSerializationSchemaWrapper(new SimpleStringSchema()),properties,FlinkKafkaProducer.Semantic.EXACTLY_ONCE);
FlinkKafkaProducer<String> producer = new FlinkKafkaProducer("topn",new SimpleStringSchema(),properties);
/*
//event-timestamp事件的发生时间
producer.setWriteTimestampToKafka(true);
*/
text.addSink(producer);
env.execute();
}
}//
其中的:MyNoParalleSource
是作者自己实现的一个并行度为1的发送器,用来向kafka发送数据:
public class MyNoParalleSource implements SourceFunction<String> {//1
//private long count = 1L;
private boolean isRunning = true;
/**
* 主要的方法
* 启动一个source
* 大部分情况下,都需要在这个run方法中实现一个循环,这样就可以循环产生数据了
*
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void run(SourceContext<String> ctx) throws Exception {
while(isRunning){
//图书的排行榜
List<String> books = new ArrayList<>();
books.add("Pyhton从入门到放弃");//10
books.add("Java从入门到放弃");//8
books.add("Php从入门到放弃");//5
books.add("C++从入门到放弃");//3
books.add("Scala从入门到放弃");//0-4
int i = new Random().nextInt(5);
ctx.collect(books.get(i));
//每1秒产生一条数据
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
//取消一个cancel的时候会调用的方法
@Override
public void cancel() {
isRunning = false;
}
}
可见,我们每过1秒向Kafka的topn这个topic随机发送一本书的名字用来模拟购买行为。
整体实现代码如下:
public class TopN {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
/**
*
* 书1 书2 书3
* (书1,1) (书2,1) (书3,1)
*
*
*/
//每隔5秒钟 计算过去1小时 的 Top 3 商品
StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
env.setParallelism(1);
env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.ProcessingTime); //以processtime作为时间语义
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("bootstrap.servers", "127.0.0.1:9092");
FlinkKafkaConsumer<String> input = new FlinkKafkaConsumer<>("topn", new SimpleStringSchema(), properties);
//从最早开始消费 位点
input.setStartFromEarliest();
DataStream<String> stream = env
.addSource(input);
DataStream<Tuple2<String, Integer>> ds = stream
.flatMap(new LineSplitter()); //将输入语句split成一个一个单词并初始化count值为1的Tuple2<String, Integer>类型
DataStream<Tuple2<String, Integer>> wcount = ds
.keyBy(0)
.window(SlidingProcessingTimeWindows.of(Time.seconds(600),Time.seconds(5)))
//key之后的元素进入一个总时间长度为600s,每5s向后滑动一次的滑动窗口
.sum(1);// 将相同的key的元素第二个count值相加
wcount
.windowAll(TumblingProcessingTimeWindows.of(Time.seconds(5)))//(shu1, xx) (shu2,xx)....
//所有key元素进入一个5s长的窗口(选5秒是因为上游窗口每5s计算一轮数据,topN窗口一次计算只统计一个窗口时间内的变化)
.process(new TopNAllFunction(3))
.print();
//redis sink redis -> 接口
env.execute();
}//
private static final class LineSplitter implements
FlatMapFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Integer>> {
public void flatMap(String value, Collector<Tuple2<String, Integer>> out) {
// normalize and split the line
//String[] tokens = value.toLowerCase().split("\\W+");
// emit the pairs
/*for (String token : tokens) {
if (token.length() > 0) {
out.collect(new Tuple2<String, Integer>(token, 1));
}
}*/
//(书1,1) (书2,1) (书3,1)
out.collect(new Tuple2<String, Integer>(value, 1));
}
}
private static class TopNAllFunction
extends
ProcessAllWindowFunction<Tuple2<String, Integer>, String, TimeWindow> {
private int topSize = 3;
public TopNAllFunction(int topSize) {
this.topSize = topSize;
}
public void process(
ProcessAllWindowFunction<Tuple2<String, Integer>, String, TimeWindow>.Context arg0,
Iterable<Tuple2<String, Integer>> input,
Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
TreeMap<Integer, Tuple2<String, Integer>> treemap = new TreeMap<Integer, Tuple2<String, Integer>>(
new Comparator<Integer>() {
@Override
public int compare(Integer y, Integer x) {
return (x < y) ? -1 : 1;
}
}); //treemap按照key降序排列,相同count值不覆盖
for (Tuple2<String, Integer> element : input) {
treemap.put(element.f1, element);
if (treemap.size() > topSize) { //只保留前面TopN个元素
treemap.pollLastEntry();
}
}
for (Map.Entry<Integer, Tuple2<String, Integer>> entry : treemap
.entrySet()) {
out.collect("=================\n热销图书列表:\n"+ new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()) + treemap.toString() + "\n===============\n");
}
}
}
}//
查看输出:
=================
热销图书列表:
2019-03-05 22:32:40.004{8=(Java从入门到放弃,8), 7=(C++从入门到放弃,7), 5=(Php从入门到放弃,5)}
===============
=================
热销图书列表:
2019-03-05 22:32:45.004{8=(Java从入门到放弃,8), 7=(C++从入门到放弃,7), 5=(Php从入门到放弃,5)}
===============