diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/app-render/postponed-state.test.ts b/packages/next/src/server/app-render/postponed-state.test.ts
index dbc03f17760b3..53b3375a4bb7c 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/app-render/postponed-state.test.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/app-render/postponed-state.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import { createPrerenderResumeDataCache } from '../resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache'
-import { streamFromString } from '../stream-utils/node-web-streams-helper'
+import {
+  streamFromString,
+  streamToString,
+} from '../stream-utils/node-web-streams-helper'
 import {
   DynamicState,
   getDynamicDataPostponedState,
@@ -31,9 +34,30 @@ describe('getDynamicHTMLPostponedState', () => {
       prerenderResumeDataCache
     )
 
-    expect(state).toMatchInlineSnapshot(
-      `"169:39[["slug","%%drp:slug:e9615126684e5%%"]]{"%%drp:slug:e9615126684e5%%":"%%drp:slug:e9615126684e5%%","nested":{"%%drp:slug:e9615126684e5%%":"%%drp:slug:e9615126684e5%%"}}{"store":{"fetch":{},"cache":{"1":{"value":"aGVsbG8=","tags":[],"stale":0,"timestamp":0,"expire":0,"revalidate":0}}}}"`
-    )
+    const parsed = parsePostponedState(state, { slug: '123' })
+    expect(parsed).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      {
+        "data": {
+          "123": "123",
+          "nested": {
+            "123": "123",
+          },
+        },
+        "renderResumeDataCache": {
+          "cache": Map {
+            "1" => Promise {},
+          },
+          "fetch": Map {},
+        },
+        "type": 2,
+      }
+    `)
+
+    const value = await parsed.renderResumeDataCache.cache.get('1')
+
+    expect(value).toBeDefined()
+
+    await expect(streamToString(value!.value)).resolves.toEqual('hello')
   })
 
   it('serializes a HTML postponed state without fallback params', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.test.ts b/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.test.ts
index be61cb8d3853f..b4bb00beebb83 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.test.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.test.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,24 @@ import {
 } from './resume-data-cache'
 import { createPrerenderResumeDataCache } from './resume-data-cache'
 import { streamFromString } from '../stream-utils/node-web-streams-helper'
+import { inflateSync } from 'node:zlib'
+
+function createCacheWithSingleEntry() {
+  const cache = createPrerenderResumeDataCache()
+  cache.cache.set(
+    'key',
+    Promise.resolve({
+      value: streamFromString('value'),
+      tags: [],
+      stale: 0,
+      timestamp: 0,
+      expire: 0,
+      revalidate: 0,
+    })
+  )
+
+  return cache
+}
 
 describe('stringifyResumeDataCache', () => {
   it('serializes an empty cache', async () => {
@@ -12,20 +30,17 @@ describe('stringifyResumeDataCache', () => {
   })
 
   it('serializes a cache with a single entry', async () => {
-    const cache = createPrerenderResumeDataCache()
-    cache.cache.set(
-      'key',
-      Promise.resolve({
-        value: streamFromString('value'),
-        tags: [],
-        stale: 0,
-        timestamp: 0,
-        expire: 0,
-        revalidate: 0,
-      })
-    )
+    const cache = createCacheWithSingleEntry()
+    const compressed = await stringifyResumeDataCache(cache)
+
+    // We have to decompress the output because the compressed string is not
+    // deterministic. If it fails here it's because the compressed string is
+    // different.
+    const decompressed = inflateSync(
+      Buffer.from(compressed, 'base64')
+    ).toString('utf-8')
 
-    expect(await stringifyResumeDataCache(cache)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(
+    expect(decompressed).toMatchInlineSnapshot(
       `"{"store":{"fetch":{},"cache":{"key":{"value":"dmFsdWU=","tags":[],"stale":0,"timestamp":0,"expire":0,"revalidate":0}}}}"`
     )
   })
@@ -37,4 +52,14 @@ describe('parseResumeDataCache', () => {
       createPrerenderResumeDataCache()
     )
   })
+
+  it('parses a cache with a single entry', async () => {
+    const cache = createCacheWithSingleEntry()
+    const serialized = await stringifyResumeDataCache(cache)
+
+    const parsed = createRenderResumeDataCache(serialized)
+
+    expect(parsed.cache.size).toBe(1)
+    expect(parsed.fetch.size).toBe(0)
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.ts b/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.ts
index 87aa3cf68db25..a63998e4fc203 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/resume-data-cache/resume-data-cache.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { InvariantError } from '../../shared/lib/invariant-error'
 import {
   type UseCacheCacheStore,
   type FetchCacheStore,
@@ -64,22 +65,32 @@ type ResumeStoreSerialized = {
 export async function stringifyResumeDataCache(
   resumeDataCache: RenderResumeDataCache | PrerenderResumeDataCache
 ): Promise<string> {
-  if (resumeDataCache.fetch.size === 0 && resumeDataCache.cache.size === 0) {
-    return 'null'
-  }
+  if (process.env.NEXT_RUNTIME === 'edge') {
+    throw new InvariantError(
+      '`stringifyResumeDataCache` should not be called in edge runtime.'
+    )
+  } else {
+    if (resumeDataCache.fetch.size === 0 && resumeDataCache.cache.size === 0) {
+      return 'null'
+    }
 
-  const json: ResumeStoreSerialized = {
-    store: {
-      fetch: Object.fromEntries(
-        stringifyFetchCacheStore(resumeDataCache.fetch.entries())
-      ),
-      cache: Object.fromEntries(
-        await stringifyUseCacheCacheStore(resumeDataCache.cache.entries())
-      ),
-    },
-  }
+    const json: ResumeStoreSerialized = {
+      store: {
+        fetch: Object.fromEntries(
+          stringifyFetchCacheStore(resumeDataCache.fetch.entries())
+        ),
+        cache: Object.fromEntries(
+          await stringifyUseCacheCacheStore(resumeDataCache.cache.entries())
+        ),
+      },
+    }
 
-  return JSON.stringify(json)
+    // Compress the JSON string using zlib. As the data we already want to
+    // decompress is in memory, we use the synchronous deflateSync function.
+    const { deflateSync } = require('node:zlib') as typeof import('node:zlib')
+
+    return deflateSync(JSON.stringify(json)).toString('base64')
+  }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -114,24 +125,38 @@ export function createRenderResumeDataCache(
 export function createRenderResumeDataCache(
   prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache: PrerenderResumeDataCache | string
 ): RenderResumeDataCache {
-  if (typeof prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache !== 'string') {
-    // If the cache is already a prerender cache, we can return it directly,
-    // we're just performing a type change.
-    return prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache
-  }
+  if (process.env.NEXT_RUNTIME === 'edge') {
+    throw new InvariantError(
+      '`createRenderResumeDataCache` should not be called in edge runtime.'
+    )
+  } else {
+    if (typeof prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache !== 'string') {
+      // If the cache is already a prerender cache, we can return it directly,
+      // we're just performing a type change.
+      return prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache
+    }
 
-  if (prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache === 'null') {
-    return {
-      cache: new Map(),
-      fetch: new Map(),
+    if (prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache === 'null') {
+      return {
+        cache: new Map(),
+        fetch: new Map(),
+      }
     }
-  }
 
-  const json: ResumeStoreSerialized = JSON.parse(
-    prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache
-  )
-  return {
-    cache: parseUseCacheCacheStore(Object.entries(json.store.cache)),
-    fetch: parseFetchCacheStore(Object.entries(json.store.fetch)),
+    // This should be a compressed string. Let's decompress it using zlib.
+    // As the data we already want to decompress is in memory, we use the
+    // synchronous inflateSync function.
+    const { inflateSync } = require('node:zlib') as typeof import('node:zlib')
+
+    const json: ResumeStoreSerialized = JSON.parse(
+      inflateSync(
+        Buffer.from(prerenderResumeDataCacheOrPersistedCache, 'base64')
+      ).toString('utf-8')
+    )
+
+    return {
+      cache: parseUseCacheCacheStore(Object.entries(json.store.cache)),
+      fetch: parseFetchCacheStore(Object.entries(json.store.fetch)),
+    }
   }
 }