Let's first get onto one of the Van Valen Lab's remote servers. If you don't know your username or the IP address of the server you're supposed to login to, one of the lab members can help you.
Windows users, use PuTTY to login to your server.
Linux and Mac users, put the following command in a terminal:
ssh -X -p [port] [your_username]@[server_ip_address]- List all files in current directory:
ls- Changing directory:
cd [new_directory]- Show name of current directory:
pwd- Copy a file:
cp [original_filename] [new_filename]- Make a new directory:
mkdir [directoy_name]- Delete (remove) a file:
rm [filename]- Delete (remove) a directory and all of its contents:
rm -r [directory_name]- Change premissions of a file:
chmod [permissions] [filename]- Change ownership of a file:
chown [username] [filename]- To run a shell script:
./[scriptname.sh]If this command throws an erorr, it's likely because you have permission issues. (Use chmod and/or chown to fix this.)
- To run a Python script:
python ./[scriptname.py]Again, permission issues are a common source of error.
- To view all of the commands you've recently used that contain a certain string:
history | grep [string]- To download a file from the internet, you hwave two options:
wget [URL]
curl [URL]- To mount a remote filesystem on your computer:
sshfs -p [port] [your_username]@[server_ip_address]:[remote_directory] [local_mount_directory]Errors? Again, permissions first.
.(a single dot) always represents the current directory. E.g.,
ls .lists all files in the current directory.
..(a pair of dots) always represents the parent directory of the current directory. E.g.,
ls ..lists all files in the directory above the current directory.
If you're having permissions issues, you can prepend a given command with sudo and those pesky issues will almost certainly disappear. E.g., without sudo, the following command would be worthelss, since it would just return a permission error; with sudo, it will delete every single file on your server:
sudo rm -r /WARNING! You can mess stuff up with sudo. We won't give you sudo privileges until you face a problem where you need them. At that point, come to us and we can give your account sudo privileges.