diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManager.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManager.java
index 268ba1a436393..35409437f605a 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManager.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManager.java
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ protected OpenSearchDirectoryReader refreshIfNeeded(OpenSearchDirectoryReader re
      * @param infos {@link SegmentInfos} infos
      * @throws IOException - When Refresh fails with an IOException.
      */
-    public synchronized void updateSegments(SegmentInfos infos) throws IOException {
+    public void updateSegments(SegmentInfos infos) throws IOException {
         // roll over the currentInfo's generation, this ensures the on-disk gen
         // is always increased.
         infos.updateGeneration(currentInfos);
         currentInfos = infos;
-        maybeRefresh();
+        maybeRefreshBlocking();
     }
 
     public SegmentInfos getSegmentInfos() {
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManagerTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManagerTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..98f1a416731e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationReaderManagerTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ *
+ * The OpenSearch Contributors require contributions made to
+ * this file be licensed under the Apache-2.0 license or a
+ * compatible open source license.
+ */
+
+package org.opensearch.index.engine;
+
+import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.SegmentInfos;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.StandardDirectoryReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
+import org.opensearch.common.lucene.index.OpenSearchDirectoryReader;
+import org.opensearch.index.store.Store;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class NRTReplicationReaderManagerTests extends EngineTestCase {
+
+    public void testCreateNRTreaderManager() throws IOException {
+        try (final Store store = createStore()) {
+            store.createEmpty(Version.LATEST);
+            final DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(store.directory());
+            final SegmentInfos initialInfos = ((StandardDirectoryReader) reader).getSegmentInfos();
+            NRTReplicationReaderManager readerManager = new NRTReplicationReaderManager(
+                OpenSearchDirectoryReader.wrap(reader, shardId),
+                (files) -> {},
+                (files) -> {}
+            );
+            assertEquals(initialInfos, readerManager.getSegmentInfos());
+            try (final OpenSearchDirectoryReader acquire = readerManager.acquire()) {
+                assertNull(readerManager.refreshIfNeeded(acquire));
+            }
+
+            // create an updated infos
+            final SegmentInfos infos_2 = readerManager.getSegmentInfos().clone();
+            infos_2.changed();
+
+            readerManager.updateSegments(infos_2);
+            assertEquals(infos_2, readerManager.getSegmentInfos());
+            try (final OpenSearchDirectoryReader acquire = readerManager.acquire()) {
+                final StandardDirectoryReader standardReader = NRTReplicationReaderManager.unwrapStandardReader(acquire);
+                assertEquals(infos_2, standardReader.getSegmentInfos());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testUpdateSegmentsWhileRefreshing() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        try (final Store store = createStore()) {
+            store.createEmpty(Version.LATEST);
+            final DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(store.directory());
+            NRTReplicationReaderManager readerManager = new NRTReplicationReaderManager(
+                OpenSearchDirectoryReader.wrap(reader, shardId),
+                (files) -> {},
+                (files) -> {}
+            );
+
+            final SegmentInfos infos_2 = readerManager.getSegmentInfos().clone();
+            infos_2.changed();
+
+            Thread refreshThread = new Thread(() -> {
+                try {
+                    readerManager.maybeRefresh();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            });
+            Thread updateThread = new Thread(() -> {
+                try {
+                    readerManager.updateSegments(infos_2);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            });
+            refreshThread.start();
+            updateThread.start();
+            refreshThread.join();
+            updateThread.join();
+            try (final OpenSearchDirectoryReader acquire = readerManager.acquire()) {
+                final StandardDirectoryReader standardReader = NRTReplicationReaderManager.unwrapStandardReader(acquire);
+                assertEquals(infos_2.version, standardReader.getSegmentInfos().version);
+            }
+            assertEquals(infos_2, readerManager.getSegmentInfos());
+        }
+    }
+}