diff --git a/internal/api/mfa.go b/internal/api/mfa.go
index 434a7117c..f30a05065 100644
--- a/internal/api/mfa.go
+++ b/internal/api/mfa.go
@@ -89,25 +89,33 @@ func (a *API) EnrollFactor(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 		issuer = params.Issuer
 	}
 
-	// Read from DB for certainty
 	factors, err := models.FindFactorsByUser(a.db, user)
 	if err != nil {
 		return internalServerError("error validating number of factors in system").WithInternalError(err)
 	}
-
-	if len(factors) >= int(config.MFA.MaxEnrolledFactors) {
-		return forbiddenError("Enrolled factors exceed allowed limit, unenroll to continue")
-	}
-
+	factorCount := len(factors)
 	numVerifiedFactors := 0
+
+	// Cleanup inactive  factors
 	for _, factor := range factors {
+		if factor.IsExpired(config.MFA.FactorExpiryDuration) {
+			if err := a.db.Destroy(factor); err != nil {
+				return internalServerError("error deleting factors").WithInternalError(err)
+			}
+			// We adjust length of factors as destroying it in the DB doesn't remove it from the array
+			factorCount -= 1
+		}
 		if factor.IsVerified() {
 			numVerifiedFactors += 1
 		}
 	}
 
+	if factorCount >= int(config.MFA.MaxEnrolledFactors) {
+		return forbiddenError("Enrolled factors exceed allowed limit, unenroll to continue")
+	}
+
 	if numVerifiedFactors >= config.MFA.MaxVerifiedFactors {
-		return forbiddenError("Maximum number of enrolled factors reached, unenroll to continue")
+		return forbiddenError("Maximum number of verified factors reached, unenroll to continue")
 	}
 
 	key, err := totp.Generate(totp.GenerateOpts{
@@ -117,6 +125,7 @@ func (a *API) EnrollFactor(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return internalServerError(QRCodeGenerationErrorMessage).WithInternalError(err)
 	}
+
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 	svgData := svg.New(&buf)
 	qrCode, _ := qr.Encode(key.String(), qr.M, qr.Auto)
diff --git a/internal/api/mfa_test.go b/internal/api/mfa_test.go
index 5fe7f0bc6..e6b76f1ad 100644
--- a/internal/api/mfa_test.go
+++ b/internal/api/mfa_test.go
@@ -175,6 +175,33 @@ func (ts *MFATestSuite) TestDuplicateEnrollsReturnExpectedMessage() {
 
 }
 
+func (ts *MFATestSuite) TestMultipleEnrollsCleanupExpiredFactors() {
+	// All factors are deleted when a subsequent enroll is made
+	ts.API.config.MFA.FactorExpiryDuration = 0 * time.Second
+	// Verified factor should not be deleted (Factor 1)
+	_ = performTestSignupAndVerify(ts, ts.TestEmail, ts.TestPassword, true /* <- requireStatusOK */)
+	numFactors := 5
+	token, _, err := ts.API.generateAccessToken(context.Background(), ts.API.db, ts.TestUser, nil, models.TOTPSignIn)
+	require.NoError(ts.T(), err)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numFactors; i++ {
+		_ = performEnrollFlow(ts, token, "", models.TOTP, "https://issuer.com", http.StatusOK)
+	}
+
+	// All Factors except last factor should be expired
+	factors, err := models.FindFactorsByUser(ts.API.db, ts.TestUser)
+	require.NoError(ts.T(), err)
+
+	// Make a challenge so last, unverified factor isn't deleted on next enroll (Factor 2)
+	_ = performChallengeFlow(ts, factors[len(factors)-1].ID, token)
+
+	// Enroll another Factor (Factor 3)
+	_ = performEnrollFlow(ts, token, "", models.TOTP, "https://issuer.com", http.StatusOK)
+	factors, err = models.FindFactorsByUser(ts.API.db, ts.TestUser)
+	require.NoError(ts.T(), err)
+	require.Equal(ts.T(), 3, len(factors))
+}
+
 func (ts *MFATestSuite) TestChallengeFactor() {
 	f := ts.TestUser.Factors[0]
 	token := ts.generateToken(ts.TestUser, nil)
diff --git a/internal/conf/configuration.go b/internal/conf/configuration.go
index d33cbd9c7..2bf9d3d75 100644
--- a/internal/conf/configuration.go
+++ b/internal/conf/configuration.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 
 const defaultMinPasswordLength int = 6
 const defaultChallengeExpiryDuration float64 = 300
+const defaultFactorExpiryDuration time.Duration = 300 * time.Second
 const defaultFlowStateExpiryDuration time.Duration = 300 * time.Second
 
 var postgresNamesRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]{0,62}$`)
@@ -90,11 +91,12 @@ type JWTConfiguration struct {
 
 // MFAConfiguration holds all the MFA related Configuration
 type MFAConfiguration struct {
-	Enabled                     bool    `default:"false"`
-	ChallengeExpiryDuration     float64 `json:"challenge_expiry_duration" default:"300" split_words:"true"`
-	RateLimitChallengeAndVerify float64 `split_words:"true" default:"15"`
-	MaxEnrolledFactors          float64 `split_words:"true" default:"10"`
-	MaxVerifiedFactors          int     `split_words:"true" default:"10"`
+	Enabled                     bool          `default:"false"`
+	ChallengeExpiryDuration     float64       `json:"challenge_expiry_duration" default:"300" split_words:"true"`
+	FactorExpiryDuration        time.Duration `json:"factor_expiry_duration" default:"300s" split_words:"true"`
+	RateLimitChallengeAndVerify float64       `split_words:"true" default:"15"`
+	MaxEnrolledFactors          float64       `split_words:"true" default:"10"`
+	MaxVerifiedFactors          int           `split_words:"true" default:"10"`
 }
 
 type APIConfiguration struct {
@@ -669,6 +671,9 @@ func (config *GlobalConfiguration) ApplyDefaults() error {
 	if config.MFA.ChallengeExpiryDuration < defaultChallengeExpiryDuration {
 		config.MFA.ChallengeExpiryDuration = defaultChallengeExpiryDuration
 	}
+	if config.MFA.FactorExpiryDuration < defaultFactorExpiryDuration {
+		config.MFA.FactorExpiryDuration = defaultFactorExpiryDuration
+	}
 	if config.External.FlowStateExpiryDuration < defaultFlowStateExpiryDuration {
 		config.External.FlowStateExpiryDuration = defaultFlowStateExpiryDuration
 	}
diff --git a/internal/models/factor.go b/internal/models/factor.go
index 5af45772a..05d48f12b 100644
--- a/internal/models/factor.go
+++ b/internal/models/factor.go
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func NewFactor(user *User, friendlyName string, factorType string, state FactorS
 // FindFactorsByUser returns all factors belonging to a user ordered by timestamp
 func FindFactorsByUser(tx *storage.Connection, user *User) ([]*Factor, error) {
 	factors := []*Factor{}
-	if err := tx.Q().Where("user_id = ?", user.ID).Order("created_at asc").All(&factors); err != nil {
+	if err := tx.Eager().Q().Where("user_id = ?", user.ID).Order("created_at asc").All(&factors); err != nil {
 		if errors.Cause(err) == sql.ErrNoRows {
 			return factors, nil
 		}
@@ -223,3 +223,7 @@ func DeleteFactorsByUserId(tx *storage.Connection, userId uuid.UUID) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func (f *Factor) IsExpired(validityDuration time.Duration) bool {
+	return !f.IsVerified() && len(f.Challenge) == 0 && f.CreatedAt.Add(validityDuration).Before(time.Now())
+}