functions.py

# dynamically typed language arg types are "unknown"
# can check dynamically with type(blah)
# language permits "annotations" of type (but does not check)
# plugins/pre-processors can use this to check
def add(a : int, b : int) -> int:
    # if type(a) != int:
    #     print("oops shouldn't be called unless with int")
    #     raise TypeError("called my function with something other than int")
    return a + b

print(f"adding 2 and 3 gives {add(2, 3)}")
print(f"adding 'Fred' and 'Jones' gives {add('Fred', 'Jones')}")

def nowt():
    pass # not returning anything results in returning "None"

print(nowt())

def sum(c, d):
    return add(c, d)

print(sum(3,4))

# args and kwargs are CONVENTION not syntax
def many_args(a = 99, b = 10, *args, **kwargs):
    print(f"a is {a} b is {b}")
    print(type(args))
    print(args)
    for v in args:
        print(f"> {v}")
    print(type(kwargs))
    for k, v in kwargs.items():
        print(f"key {k} has value {v}")

many_args(1, 2)
many_args(1)
many_args(b="b", a="a")

def day_of_week(day, month, year):
    print(f"day = {day} month = {month}")

day_of_week(month=12, day=11, year=2022)

many_args(1, 2, 9, 8, 7, 6)

names = ["Fred", "Jim"]
def add_sheila(l : list):
    l.append("Sheila")

print(names)
add_sheila(names)
print(names)

def add_one(x: int):
    x = x + 1

x = 0
print(x)
add_one(x)
print(x)

many_args(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, fruit="banana", capacity=10)

num_list = [9, 8, 7]
kw_stuff = {"fruit": "pampelmouse", "capacity": 50}
many_args(9, 8, *num_list, **kw_stuff)

def two_args(a, b):
    pass
two_args(1, 2)
print("success")
# fails must have correct number of args
# can use default values, varargs, or kwargs...
# no method overloading
# two_args(1)
# print("success")