-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy path20191012-1.html
673 lines (389 loc) · 35.8 KB
/
20191012-1.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<!-- 元数据 -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="icon" href="/images/favicon.ico">
<title>Authentication in MariaDB 10.4 (MariaDB 10.4 root账号密码问题) | 云海鹰影</title>
<meta name="author" content="云海鹰影" />
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform" />
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="robots" content="index,follow" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1" />
<meta name="format-detection" content="telphone=no, email=no" />
<meta name="keywords" content="mariadb, 数据库" />
<!-- 站点验证相关 -->
<meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="code-EjIoHOEm6V" />
<link rel="alternate" href="atom.xml" type="application/atom+xml">
<!-- 样式表文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" id="kratos-css" href="/css/kratosr.min.css" type="text/css" media="all">
<link rel="stylesheet" id="highlight-css" href="/css/highlight.min.css" type="text/css" media="all">
<link rel="stylesheet" id="fontawe-css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/css/font-awesome.min.css" type="text/css" media="all">
<link rel="stylesheet" id="nprogress-css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/nprogress.min.css" type="text/css" media="all">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fancyapps/[email protected]/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" id="darkmode-css" href="/css/kr-dark.min.css" type="text/css" media="all">
<!-- 不得不预先加载的一些JS文件 -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/qrcode.min.js"></script>
<meta name="generator" content="Hexo 5.4.2"></head>
<body class="custom-background">
<div id="kratos-wrapper">
<div id="kratos-page">
<div id="kratos-header">
<div class="nav-toggle"><a class="kratos-nav-toggle js-kratos-nav-toggle"><i></i></a></div>
<header id="kratos-header-section">
<div class="container">
<div class="nav-header">
<div class="color-logo"><a href="/">云海鹰影</a></div>
<nav id="kratos-menu-wrap">
<ul id="kratos-primary-menu" class="sf-menu">
<li><a href="/" ><i class="fa fa-home"></i>首页</a></li>
<li><a href="/tags/" ><i class="fa fa-file"></i>标签云</a></li>
<li><a href="/archives/" ><i class="fa fa-file"></i>档案馆</a></li>
<li><a href="/friends/" ><i class="fa fa-paw"></i>友链</a></li>
<li>
<a ><i class="fa fa-umbrella"></i>秘密小窝</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://smp.chaoswork.cn" >鹰の巢</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a ><i class="fa fa-random"></i>资源库</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
<li><a href="/resources/frontend" >前端</a></li>
<li><a href="/resources/backend" >后端</a></li>
<li><a href="/resources/tools" >工具</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a ><i class="fa fa-gift"></i>看动漫</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.5dm.tv/" >五弹幕</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</header>
</div>
<div class="kratos-start kratos-hero-2">
<!-- <div class="kratos-overlay"></div> -->
<div class="kratos-cover kratos-cover-2 text-center">
<div class="desc desc2 animate-box">
<a href="/">
<h2>云海鹰影</h2> <br />
<span>我独自度过的无数个晨昏，用来交换你身边一瞬</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="kratos-blog-post">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div id="main">
<section class="col-md-8">
<article>
<div class="kratos-hentry kratos-post-inner clearfix">
<header class="kratos-entry-header">
<h1 class="kratos-entry-title text-center">Authentication in MariaDB 10.4 (MariaDB 10.4 root账号密码问题)</h1>
<div class="kratos-post-meta text-center">
<span>
<i class="fa fa-calendar"></i> 2019-10-12
<i class="fa fa-folder"></i> 分类 <a class="label-link" href="/categories/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B/">经验教程</a>
<i class="fa fa-user"></i> 作者 云海鹰影
<i class="fa fa-edit"></i>
~6.41K
字
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="kratos-post-content">
<div id="expire-alert" class="alert alert-warning hidden" role="alert">
本文最后编辑于 <time datetime="1615457057391"></time> 前，其中的内容可能需要更新。
</div>
<hr />
<blockquote>
<p>昨天更换工作电脑，重装了一下ubuntu下的mariadb，ubuntu默认源下的mariadb 是10.0 版本，默认charset 是utf8mb4, 使用sequelize不好解决<code>Index column size too large. The maximum column size is 767 bytes.</code>限制的问题，遂去官网换了10.4版本。结果安装好了又怎么都登录不上去，用<code>mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables</code>进去设置root密码，又碰到<code>Column 'Password' is not updatable</code>，无法修改密码，无奈只好去官网看看是不是又出幺蛾子了，一找还真是有一篇文章讲这个问题，现把原文摘录贴过来备忘。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="Authentication-in-MariaDB-10-4-—-Understanding-the-Changes-original-link"><a href="#Authentication-in-MariaDB-10-4-—-Understanding-the-Changes-original-link" class="headerlink" title="Authentication in MariaDB 10.4 — Understanding the Changes (original link)"></a>Authentication in MariaDB 10.4 — Understanding the Changes <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://mariadb.org/authentication-in-mariadb-10-4/">(original link)</a></h2><h3 id="In-a-nutshell-简要"><a href="#In-a-nutshell-简要" class="headerlink" title="In a nutshell (简要)"></a>In a nutshell (简要)</h3><p><strong>The password storage has changed.</strong> All user accounts, passwords, and global privileges are now stored in a <code>mysql.global_priv</code> table. What happened to the <code>mysql.user</code> table? It still exists and has exactly the same set of columns as before, but it’s now <strong>a view</strong> over <code>mysql.global_priv</code>. If you happen to have tools that analyze mysql.user table — they should continue working as before.</p>
<p>为什么改不了密码这里说的很清楚了，<code>mysql.user</code>表不见了，现在它只是<code>mysql.global_priv</code>表的一个视图。所以严格来说也不是不能改密码，只是不能修改原来的<code>mysql.user</code>表了。</p>
<p><strong>One can specify more than one authentication method per account.</strong> They all will work as alternatives. For example, a DBA might start migrating users to the more secure ed25519 password plugin, but keep the old SHA1 one as an alternative for the transitional period.</p>
<p>mariadb 10.4 可以给用户设置多种认证方式了，这里有需要的话再看。</p>
<p><strong>The default authentication for new installations is now more secure.</strong> The open-for-everyone all-powerful root account is gone, at last. And installation scripts will no longer shout at you “PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !”, because the root account is created secure automatically.</p>
<p>很好很直接，root密码没了， 也不需要你去设置初始密码了，而且说是这样更安全，什么黑科技？看下面。</p>
<h3 id="Details"><a href="#Details" class="headerlink" title="Details"></a>Details</h3><p>Technically, a new MariaDB installation will have two all-powerful accounts — <code>root</code> and the OS user that owns the data directory, typically <code>mysql</code>. They are created as</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext" data-lang="plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CREATE USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket OR mysql_native_password USING 'invalid'</span><br><span class="line">CREATE USER mysql@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket OR mysql_native_password USING 'invalid'</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Using <code>unix_socket</code> means that if you are the system root user, you can login as root@locahost without a password. This technique was pioneered by Otto Kekäläinen in MariaDB packages in Debian as early as MariaDB 10.0. It is based on a simple fact, that asking the system root for a password adds no extra security — root has full access to all the data files and all process memory anyway. But not asking for a password means, there is no root password to forget (bye-bye numerous tutorials “how to reset MariaDB root password”). And if you want to script some tedious database work, there is no need to store the root password in plain text for the scipt to use (bye-bye debian-sys-maint user).</p>
<p>mariadb 10.4安装时创建了2个默认账号: root，mysql。初始只提供了<code>unix_socket</code>方式认证。这样登录mysql你就不需要<code>mysql -uroot -p</code>了， 直接<code>sudo mysql</code>，只要你有系统root权限就可以进去。</p>
<p>Still, some users complained that they want to log in as MariaDB root without using sudo. This is why in 10.4 the root user has a second authentication method — conventional MariaDB password. By default it is disabled (“invalid” is not a valid password hash), but one can set the password with a usual SET PASSWORD statement. And still retain the password-less access via sudo!</p>
<p>如果你不想用sudo登录mysql, mariadb 10.4依然提供了传统的密码登录的方式，只是初始是禁用的(invalid)。你可以登录进mysql用<code>SET PASSWORD</code>的方式设置密码。</p>
<p>Now, what happens, if you install MariaDB locally (for example, from a tarball)? You definitely would not want to use sudo to be able to login. This is why MariaDB creates a second all-powerful user with the same name as a system user that owns the data directory. In local (not system-wide) installations, this will be the user, who installed MariaDB — she automatically gets convenient password-less root-like access, because, frankly, she can access all the data files anyway.</p>
<p>And even if MariaDB is installed system-wide, you may not want to run your database maintenance scripts as system root — now you can run them as system <code>mysql</code> user. And you will know, that they will never destroy your entire system, even if you <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/MrMEEE/bumblebee-Old-and-abbandoned/issues/123">make a typo in a shell script</a>.</p>
<p>mariadb 10.4 在linux创建了mysql用户，所有数据文件都在mysql用户下面，所以它在数据库里也一并创建了<code>unix_socket</code>认证的<code>mysql</code> 用户，这样你可以不在用root和sudo的情况下通过mysql用户无密码操作数据库，而且也不用担心<code>rm -rf</code>不小心删除系统的问题，这对于脚本操作非常有用。</p>
<h3 id="Cookbook"><a href="#Cookbook" class="headerlink" title="Cookbook"></a>Cookbook</h3><p>（下面就不翻译或解释了)</p>
<p>“This is all great”, you may be thinking, “but I’m a seasoned MariaDB DBA, I can write SQL in my sleep, do I need to do something different from now on”? Unfortunately, yes.</p>
<p><strong>After installing MariaDB system-wide</strong> the first thing you’ve <strong>got used to doing</strong> is logging in into the unprotected root account and protecting it, that is, setting the root password:</p>
<figure class="highlight bash" data-lang="bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ sudo dnf install MariaDB-server</span><br><span class="line">$ mysql -uroot</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">MariaDB> <span class="built_in">set</span> password = password(<span class="string">"XH4VmT3_jt"</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>This is not only unnecessary now, it will simply not work</strong> — there is no unprotected root account. To login as root use</p>
<figure class="highlight bash" data-lang="bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ sudo dnf install MariaDB-server</span><br><span class="line">$ sudo mysql</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Note that it implies you are connecting via the unix socket, not tcp. If you happen to have <code>protocol=tcp</code> in a system-wide <code>/etc/my.cnf</code> file, use <code>sudo mysql --protocol=socket</code>.</p>
<p><strong>After installing MariaDB locally</strong> you’ve also <strong>used to</strong> connect to the unprotected root account using mysql -uroot. <strong>It will not work either</strong>, use simply mysql without specifying a username.</p>
<p><strong>You want passwords back, no unix_socket authentication anymore?</strong> Run</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext" data-lang="plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("verysecret")</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>Forgot your root password?</strong> No problem — you can still connect using sudo and change the password. Oh, you have also removed unix_socket authentication? In that case, do as follows:</p>
<ol>
<li>restart MariaDB with <code>--skip-grant-tables</code></li>
<li>login into the unprotected server</li>
<li>run <code>FLUSH PRIVILEGES</code> (note, before 10.4 it would’ve been the last step, not anymore)</li>
<li>run <code>SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost</code> to change the root password</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>You want to peek inside privilege tables?</strong> Old <code>mysql.user</code> table still exists, you can select from it as before, although you cannot update it anymore. It doesn’t show alternative authentication plugins? Yes, this was one of the reasons for switching to <code>mysql.global_priv</code> table — complex authentication rules did not fit into rigid structure of a relational table. But you can, of course, select from the new table too. For example, with</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext" data-lang="plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">select concat(user, '@', host, ' => ', json_detailed(priv)) from mysql.global_priv;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>This is it. Remember, <strong>the best way to keep your password safe is not to have one.</strong> And have fun!</p>
</div>
<div class="kratos-copyright text-center clearfix">
<h5>本作品采用 <a rel="license nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a> 进行许可</h5>
</div>
<footer class="kratos-entry-footer clearfix">
<div class="post-like-donate text-center clearfix" id="post-like-donate">
<a class="share" href="javascript:;"><i class="fa fa-share-alt"></i> 分享</a>
<div class="share-wrap" style="display: none;">
<div class="share-group">
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain qq" onclick="share('qq');" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-qq"></i>
</div>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain qzone" onclick="share('qzone');" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-star"></i>
</div>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain weixin pop style-plain" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-weixin"></i>
</div>
<div class="share-int">
<div class="qrcode" id="wechat-qr"></div>
<p>打开微信“扫一扫”，打开网页后点击屏幕右上角分享按钮</p>
</div>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain weibo" onclick="share('weibo');" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-weibo"></i>
</div>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain facebook style-plain" onclick="share('facebook');" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-facebook"></i>
</div>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="share-plain twitter style-plain" onclick="share('twitter');" rel="nofollow">
<div class="icon-wrap">
<i class="fa fa-twitter"></i>
</div>
</a>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(()=>{
new QRCode("wechat-qr", {
text: "https://www.chaoswork.cn/20191012-1.html",
width: 150,
height: 150,
correctLevel : QRCode.CorrectLevel.H
});
});
function share(dest) {
const qqBase = "https://connect.qq.com/widget/shareqq/index.html?";
const weiboBase = "https://service.weibo.com/share/share.php?";
const qzoneBase = "https://sns.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/qzshare/cgi_qzshare_onekey?";
const facebookBase = "https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?";
const twitterBase = "https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?";
const hostUrl = "https://www.chaoswork.cn/20191012-1.html";
const title = "「Authentication in MariaDB 10.4 (MariaDB 10.4 root账号密码问题)」";
const excerpt = `
昨天更换工作电脑，重装了一下ubuntu下的mariadb，ubuntu默认源下的mariadb 是10.0 版本，默认charset 是utf8mb4, 使用sequelize不好解决Index column size too l...`;
let _URL;
switch (dest) {
case "qq" : _URL = qqBase+"url="+hostUrl+"&title="+title+"&desc=&summary="+excerpt+"&site=cxpy"; break;
case "weibo" : _URL = weiboBase+"url="+hostUrl+"&title="+title+excerpt; break;
case "qzone" : _URL = qzoneBase+"url="+hostUrl+"&title="+title+"&desc=&summary="+excerpt+"&site=cxpy"; break;
case "facebook" : _URL = facebookBase+"u="+hostUrl; break;
case "twitter" : _URL = twitterBase+"text="+title+excerpt+"&url="+hostUrl; break;
}
window.open(_URL);
};
</script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-tag clearfix">
<div class="pull-left">
<i class="fa fa-tags"></i>
<a class="tag-none-link" href="/tags/mariadb/" rel="tag">mariadb</a>, <a class="tag-none-link" href="/tags/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/" rel="tag">数据库</a>
</div>
<div class="pull-date">
<span>最后编辑：2021-03-11</span>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<nav class="navigation post-navigation clearfix" role="navigation">
<div class="nav-previous clearfix">
<a title=" github算法面试资料(Java版)" href="/20190918-2.html">< 上一篇</a>
</div>
<div class="nav-next clearfix">
<a title=" 完全卸载删除gitlab" href="/20191018-1.html">下一篇 ></a>
</div>
</nav>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/gitalk/1.4.1/gitalk.min.css">
<div id="gitalk-container"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var load_comm = () => {
const init = () => {
const gitalk = new Gitalk({
// Gitalk配置
language: "zh-CN",
clientID: "7dff06239ac01f6006c8",
clientSecret: "1cf779fc33e9e0d353f196eefa4bb43ecd560889",
repo: "comment_data",
owner: "stayknight",
admin: ["stayknight"],
id: location.pathname,
distractionFreeMode: false
});
gitalk.render('gitalk-container');
};
if (typeof Gitalk == 'undefined') {
const src = 'https://cdn.bootcss.com/gitalk/1.4.1/gitalk.min.js';
$.getScript(src, init);
} else {
init();
}
};
</script>
</article>
</section>
</div>
<section id="kratos-widget-area" class="col-md-4 hidden-xs hidden-sm">
<aside id="krw-about" class="widget widget-kratos-about clearfix">
<div class="photo-background"></div>
<div class="photo-wrapper clearfix">
<div class="photo-wrapper-tip text-center">
<img class="about-photo" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/avatars/icon41.jpg" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="textwidget">
<p class="text-center">路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索~<br/><span>(右下角搜索)</span></p>
</div>
</aside>
<!-- Moved to about.ejs -->
<aside id="krw-categories" class="widget widget-categories clearfix">
<h4 class="widget-title"><i class="fa fa-folder"></i>分类目录</h4>
<ul class="category-list"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/ACGN/">ACGN</a><span class="category-list-count">5</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/">前端开发</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/">游戏开发</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8/">服务器</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/">生活学习</a><span class="category-list-count">8</span><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/%E6%9D%82%E8%B0%88/">杂谈</a><span class="category-list-count">5</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/%E8%AF%BB%E4%B9%A6/">读书</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90/">音乐</a><span class="category-list-count">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B/">经验教程</a><span class="category-list-count">16</span><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2/">博客</a><span class="category-list-count">5</span></li></ul></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/">编程基础</a><span class="category-list-count">39</span><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/">C++基础</a><span class="category-list-count">7</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/linux%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/">linux基础</a><span class="category-list-count">11</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a><span class="category-list-count">4</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%B8%8E%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95/">数据结构与算法</a><span class="category-list-count">9</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B/">网络编程</a><span class="category-list-count">2</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F/">设计模式</a><span class="category-list-count">4</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B/">软件工程</a><span class="category-list-count">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB/">资源分享</a><span class="category-list-count">2</span><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB/%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90/">开发资源</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span></li><li class="category-list-item"><a class="category-list-link" href="/categories/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB/%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81/">源码</a><span class="category-list-count">1</span></li></ul></li></ul>
</aside>
<aside id="krw-tags" class="widget widget-kratos-tags clearfix">
<h4 class="widget-title"><i class="fa fa-tags"></i>标签云</h4>
<div class="tag-clouds">
<a href="/tags/ACGN/" style="font-size: 0.75em;">ACGN</a> <a href="/tags/ACM/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">ACM</a> <a href="/tags/AVL%E6%A0%91/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">AVL树</a> <a href="/tags/C/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">C++</a> <a href="/tags/C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/" style="font-size: 0.8em;">C++基础</a> <a href="/tags/C-%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B/" style="font-size: 0.65em;">C++类型</a> <a href="/tags/IO%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8/" style="font-size: 0.65em;">IO多路复用</a> <a href="/tags/IO%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">IO模型</a> <a href="/tags/MYSQL/" style="font-size: 0.65em;">MYSQL</a> <a href="/tags/SAO/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">SAO</a> <a href="/tags/adb/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">adb</a> <a href="/tags/anacron/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">anacron</a> <a href="/tags/centos/" style="font-size: 0.7em;">centos</a> <a href="/tags/cms/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">cms</a> <a href="/tags/cron/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">cron</a> <a href="/tags/crontab/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">crontab</a> <a href="/tags/epoll/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">epoll</a> <a href="/tags/gcc/" style="font-size: 0.6em;">gcc</a>
</div>
</aside>
<aside id="krw-posts" class="widget widget-kratos-poststab">
<h4 class="widget-title"><i class="fa fa-file"></i>最新文章</h4>
<div class="tab-content">
<ul class="list-group">
<a class="list-group-item" href="/20230825-1.html"><i class="fa fa-book"></i> 工作中遇到的一些数据库问题记录（随时更新）</a>
<a class="list-group-item" href="/20230508-1.html"><i class="fa fa-book"></i> C++开源游戏服务器或脚手架记录</a>
<a class="list-group-item" href="/20230302-1.html"><i class="fa fa-book"></i> ubuntu scp命令的一个问题</a>
<a class="list-group-item" href="/20230227-1.html"><i class="fa fa-book"></i> linux僵尸进程和孤儿进程一点记录</a>
<a class="list-group-item" href="/20230224-1.html"><i class="fa fa-book"></i> 关于带返回值的函数未返回引起的Undefined Behavior问题</a>
</ul>
</div>
</aside>
</section>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<div id="footer">
<div class="kr-tool text-center">
<div class="tool">
<div class="box search-box">
<a href="/search/">
<span class="fa fa-search"></span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="box theme-box" id="darkmode-switch">
<span class="fa fa-adjust"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="box gotop-box">
<span class="fa fa-chevron-up"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3 footer-list text-center">
<ul class="kratos-social-icons text-center">
<li><a href="mailto:[email protected]"><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="me" href="https://smp.chaoswork.cn/@stayknight"><i class="fa fa fa-share-alt-square"></i></a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://github.com/stayknight"><i class="fa fa-github"></i></a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="/atom.xml"><i class="fa fa-rss"></i></a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="kratos-copyright">
<div>
<li>© 2023 云海鹰影 版权所有.</li>
<li>本站已运行<span id="span_dt">Loading...</span></li>
</div>
<div>
<li>Theme <a href="https://github.com/Candinya/Kratos-Rebirth" target="_blank">Kratos:Rebirth</a></li>
<li>Made with <i class="fa fa-heart throb" style="color:#d43f57"></i> by <a href="https://candinya.com" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Candinya</a>.</li>
</div>
<div>
<li>Powered by <a href="https://hexo.io" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Hexo</a></li>
<li>Hosted on <a href="https://github.io" target="_blank">Github Pages</a></li>
</div>
<div>
<li><a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">鄂ICP备17025858号-5</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.beian.gov.cn" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="/images/psr.webp" width="12" height="12"> xxxxx</a></li>
<li><a href="sitemap.xml" target="_blank">站点地图</a></li>
<li><a href="baidusitemap.xml" target="_blank">百度地图</a></li>
</div>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">
$("img.headicon").one("error", function(e) {
$(this).attr("src", "/images/avatar.webp");
});
</script>
<script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/nprogress.min.js"></script>
<script>const notMobile = (!(navigator.userAgent.match(/(phone|pad|pod|iPhone|iPod|ios|iPad|Android|Mobile|BlackBerry|IEMobile|MQQBrowser|JUC|Fennec|wOSBrowser|BrowserNG|WebOS|Symbian|Windows Phone)/i)));</script>
<div>
<canvas id="snow"></canvas>
<script async type="text/javascript" src="/js/snow.min.js"></script>
</div>
<script async src="/js/candy.min.js"></script>
<script defer src=""></script>
<script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="/js/kratosr.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="/js/pjax.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="/js/kr-dark.min.js"></script>
<script>
var _hmt = _hmt || [];
(function() {
var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?bfb917536df0b5a503a5690e6de9ef9c";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>