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Docker-Planefence

What is it?

This repository contains Planefence, which is an add-on to ultrafeeder, readsb, dump1090, or dump1090-fa (referred to herein as your Feeder Station).

Planefence will create a log of aircraft heard by your Feeder Station that are within a "fence", that is, less than a certain distance and lower than a certain altitude from your station. This log is displayed on a website and is also made available in daily CSV files. Furthermore, Planefence can send a notification for every plane in the fence to Mastodon, Discord, and/or Twitter, and with some add-on software/hardware, you will be able to collect noise figures to see how loud the aircraft are that fly above your Feeder Station.

Planefence is deployed as a Docker container and is pre-built for the following architectures:

  • linux/ARMv7 (armhf): Raspberry Pi 3B+ / 4B with 32 bits Debian 10 Linux or later (RaspOS, Armbian, DietPi, etc.)
  • linux/ARM64: Raspberry Pi 4B with 64 bits Debian OS 10 or later (RaspOS, Armbian, DietPi, Ubuntu, etc.)
  • linux/AMD64: 64-bits PC architecture (Intel x86 or AMD) running Debian 10 Linux or later (incl. Ubuntu)

The Docker container is available at ghcr.io/sdr-enthusiasts/docker-planefence and can be pulled directy using this Docker command: docker pull ghcr.io/sdr-enthusiasts/docker-planefence.

Who is it for?

Here are some assumptions or prerequisites:

  • You are already familiar the dump1090 family of ADS-B software (for example, ultrafeeder, readsb, tar1090, dump1090, or dump1090-fa), how to deploy it, and the hardware needed. Ideally, you have your ADS-B station already up and running.
  • You know how to deploy Docker images to your machine. If you don't -- it's actually quite simple. It makes installation of new components really easy. Mikenye's excellent Gitbook contains a step-by-step guide, and here you can find a quick install script.
  • You use docker compose. This README has been written assuming docker compose. If you don't have it, feel free to apt-get install it. It should be easy to convert the docker-compose.yml instructions to a command-line docker run string, but you are on your own to do this.
  • Further support is provided at the #planefence channel at the SDR Enthusiasts Discord Server. If you need immediate help, please tag "@k1xt" to your message.

Install PlaneFence - Prerequisites

Note - this guide assumes that /home/pi is your home directory. If it is not (for example, Ubuntu builds use /home/ubuntu as their default account), please change all mentions of /home/pi to the applicable home directory path.

There must already be an instance of ultrafeeder, tar1090, dump1090[-fa], or readsb connected to a SDR somewhere in reach of your Planefence machine:

  • This could be in the same stack of containers, separately on the same machine, or even on another machine.
  • It is important to enable SBS data on port 30003 on that instance. PlaneFence will use this to get its data. See the Troubleshooting section for help to get this done.

Getting ready

  1. If you are adding this to an existing stack of Docker containers on your machine, you can add the information from this project to your existing docker-compose.yml.
  2. If you are not adding this to an existing container stack, you should create a project directory: sudo mkdir -p /opt/planefence && sudo chmod a+rwx /opt/planefence && cd /opt/planefence . Then add a new docker-compose.yml there.
  3. Get the template docker-compose.yml file from here:
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdr-enthusiasts/docker-planefence/main/docker-compose.yml > docker-compose.yml

Planefence Configuration

Initial docker configuration

In the docker-compose.yml file, you should configure the following:

  • IMPORTANT: The image, by default, points at the release image. For the DEV version, change this: image: ghcr.io/sdr-enthusiasts/docker-planefence:dev
  • IMPORTANT: Update TZ=America/New_York to whatever is appropriate for you. Note that this variable is case sensitive
  • There are 2 volumes defined. My suggestion is NOT to change these unless you know what you are doing
  • After you exit the editor, start the container (docker compose up -d). The first time you do this, it can take a minute or so.
  • Monitor the container (docker logs -f planefence). At first start-up, it should be complaining about not being configure. That is expected behavior.
  • Once you see the warnings about planefence.config not being available, press CTRL-C to get the command prompt.

Planefence Settings Configuration

  • After you start the container for the first time, it will create a few directories with setup files. You MUST edit these setup files before things will work!
  • MANDATORY: First -- copy the template config file in place: sudo cp /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config-RENAME-and-EDIT-me /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config
  • MANDATORY: sudo nano /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config Go through all parameters - their function is explained in this file. Edit to your liking and save/exit using ctrl-x. THIS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT AND MANDATORY CONFIG FILE TO EDIT !!!
  • OPTIONAL: sudo nano /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence-ignore.txt. In this file, you can add aircraft that PlaneFence will ignore. If there are specific planes that fly too often over your home, add them here. Use 1 line per entry, and the entry can be a ICAO, flight number, etc. You can even use regular expressions if you want. Be careful -- we use this file as an input to a "grep" filter. If you put something that is broad (.* for example), then ALL PLANES will be filtered out.
  • OPTIONAL: sudo nano /opt/adsb/planefence/config/airlinecodes.txt. This file maps the first 3 characters of the flight number to the names of the airlines. We scraped this list from a Wikipedia page, and it is by no means complete. Feel free to add more to them -- please add an issue at https://github.com/sdr-enthusiasts/docker-planefence/issues so we can add your changes to the default file.
  • OPTIONAL: sudo nano /opt/adsb/planefence/config/plane-alert-db.txt. This is the list of tracking aircraft of Plane-Alert. It is prefilled with the planes of a number of "interesting" political players. Feel free to add your own, delete what you don't want to see, etc. Just follow the same format.
  • OPTIONAL: If you have multiple containers running on different web port, and you would like to consolidate them all under a single host name, then you should consider installing a "reverse web proxy". This can be done quickly and easily - see instructions here.
  • OPTIONAL: If you have a soundcard and microphone, adding NoiseCapt is as easy as hooking up the hardware and running another container. You can add this to your existing docker-compose.yml file, or run it on a different machine on the same subnet. Instructions are here.
  • OPTIONAL for Plane-Alert: You can add custom fields, that (again optionally) are displayed on the Plane-Alert list. See this discussion on how to do that.
  • OPTIONAL: The website will apply background pictures if you provide them. Save your .jpg pictures as /opt/adsb/planefence/config/pf_background.jpg for Planefence and /opt/adsb/planefence/config/pa_background.jpg for Plane-Alert. (You may have to restart the container or do touch /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config in order for these backgrounds to become effective.)
  • OPTIONAL: Add images of tar1090 to your Tweets in Planefence and Plane-Alert. In order to enable this, simply add the screenshot section to your Docker-compose.yml file as per the example in this repo's docker-compose.yml file. Note - to simplify configuration, Planefence assumes that the hostname of the screenshotting image is called screenshot and that it's reachable under that name from the Planefence container stack.
  • OPTIONAL: Show OpenAIP overlay on Planefence web page heatmap. Enable this by setting the option PF_OPENAIP_LAYER=ON in /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config

Plane-Alert Exclusions

In some circumstances you may wish to blacklist certain planes, or types of planes, from appearing in Plane-Alert and its Mastodon and Discord posts. This may be desireable if, for example, you're located near a military flight training base, where you could be flooded with dozens of notifications about T-6 Texan training aircraft every day, which could drown out more interesting planes. To that end, excluding planes can be accomplished using the PA_EXCLUSIONS= parameter in /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config. Currently, you may exclude whole ICAO Types (such as TEX2 to remove all T-6 Texans), specific ICAO hexes (e.g. AE1ECB), specific registrations and tail codes (e.g. N24HD or 92-03327), or any freeform string (e.g. UC-12, Mayweather, Kid Rock). Multiple exclusions should be separated by commas. Exclusions are case insensitive and spaces must be escaped with a slash \. An example:

PA_EXCLUSIONS=tex2,AE06D9,ae27fe,Floyd\ Mayweather,UC-12W

This would exclude all T-6 Texans, the planes with ICAO hexes AE06D9 (a Marine Corps UC-12F Huron) and AE27FE (a Coast Guard MH-60T), any planes with "Floyd Mayweather" anywhere in the database entry, and any planes with "UC-12W" anywhere in the database entry. URLs and image links are intentionally not searched.

Please note: this is a powerful feature which may produce unintended consequences. You should verify that it's working correctly by examining the container logs after making changes to planefence.config. You should see, e.g.:

tex2 appears to be an ICAO type and is valid, entries excluded: 479
AE06D9 appears to be an ICAO hex and is valid, entries excluded: 1
ae27fe appears to be an ICAO hex and is valid, entries excluded: 1
Floyd Mayweather appears to be a freeform search pattern, entries excluded: 1
UC-12W appears to be a freeform search pattern, entries excluded: 8
490 entries excluded.

Also note that after adding exclusions, any pre-existing entries for those excluded planes in your Plane Alert web user interface will not be entirely removed, but some fields will disappear. If you've made a mistake and revert your exclusion changes to planefence.config, affected entries in your web user interface will be fully restored after a few minutes.

Applying your setup

  • If you made a bunch of changes for the first time, you should restart the container. In the future, most updates to /opt/adsb/planefence/config/planefence.config will be picked up automatically
  • You can restart the Planefence container by doing: pushd /opt/adsb && docker compose up -d planefence --force-recreate && popd

What does it look like when it's running?

API access to your data

Introduction

Planefence and Plane-Alert keep a limited amount of data available. By default, PlaneFence keeps 2 weeks of data around, while Plane-Alert isn't time limited. This data is accessible using a REST interface that makes use of HTTP GET. You can access this API from the directory where your Planefence or Plane-Alert web pages are deployed. For example:

API parameters and usage examples

The Planefence and Plane-Alert APIs accept awk-style Regular Expressions as arguments. For example, a tail number starting with N, followed by 1 digit, followed by 1 or more digits or letters would be represented by this RegEx: n[0-9][0-9A-Z]* . Query arguments are case-insensitive: looking for n or for N yields the same results. Each query must contain at least one of the parameters listed below. Optionally, the type parameter indicates the output type. Accepted values are json or csv; if omitted, json is the default value. (These argument values must be provided in lowercase.) Note that the call parameter (see below) will start with @ followed by the call (tail number or flight number as reported via ADS-B/MLAT/UAT) if the entry was tweeted. So make sure to start your call query with ^@? to include both tweeted an non-tweeted calls.

Planefence Query parameters

Parameter Description Example
hex Hex ID to return https://planeboston.com/planefence/pf_query.php?hex=^A[AB][A-F0-9]*&type=csv returns a CSV with any Planefence records of which the Hex IDs that start with A, followed by A or B, followed by 0 or more hexadecimal digits
tail Call sign (flight number or tail) to return https://planeboston.com/planefence/pf_query.php?call=^@?AAL[0-9]*&type=json returns any flights of which the call starts with "AAL" or "@AAL" followed by only numbers. (Note - the call value will start with @ if the entry was tweeted, in which case the tweet_url field contains a link to the tweet.)
start Start time, format yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss https://planeboston.com/planefence/pf_query.php?start=2021/12/19.*&type=csv returns all entries that started on Dec 19, 2021.
end End time, format yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss https://planeboston.com/planefence/pf_query.php?end=2021/12/19.*&type=csv returns all entries that ended on Dec 19, 2021.

Plane-Alert Query parameters

Parameter Description Example
hex Hex ID to return https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?hex=^A[EF][A-F0-9]*&type=csv returns a CSV with any Planefence records of which the Hex IDs that start with A, followed by E or F, followed by 0 or more hexadecimal digits. (Note - this query returns most US military planes!)
tail Tail number of the aircraft https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?tail=N14[0-9]NE&type=csv returns any records of which the tail starts with "N14", followed by 1 digit, followed by "NE".
name Aircraft owner's name https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?name=%20Life|%20MedFlight&type=csv returns any records that have " Life" or " MedFlight" in the owner's name.
equipment Equipment make and model https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?equipment=EuroCopter returns any records of which the equipment contains the word "EuroCopter"
timestamp Time first seen, format yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?timestamp=2022/01/03 returns any records from Jan 3, 2022.
call Callsign as reported by aircraft https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?call=SAM returns any records of which the callsign contains "SAM".
lat Latitude first observation, in decimal degrees https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?lat=^43 returns any records of which the latitude starts with "43" (i.e., 43 deg N)
lon Longitude first observation, in decimal degrees https://planeboston.com/plane-alert/pa_query.php?lon=^-68 returns any records of which the longitude starts with "-68" (i.e., 68 deg W)

Troubleshooting

  • Be patient. Some of the files won't get initialized until the first "event" happens: a plane is in PlaneFence range or is detected by Plane-Alert. This includes the planes table and the heatmap.
  • If your system doesn't behave as expected: check, check, double-check. Did you configure the correct container in docker-compose.yml? Did you edit the planefence.config file?
  • Check the logs: docker logs -f planefence. Some "complaining" about lost connections or files not found is normal, and will correct itself after a few minutes of operation. The logs will be quite explicit if it wants you to take action
  • Check the website: http://myip:8088 should update every 80 seconds (starting about 80 seconds after the initial startup). The top of the website shows a last-updated time and the number of messages received from the feeder station.
  • Plane-alert will appear at http://myip:8088/plane-alert
  • Twitter setup is complex and Elon will ban you if you publish anything about one of his planes. Here's a description on what to do. We advise you to skip Twitter and send notifications to Mastodon instead.
  • Error "We cannot reach {host} on port 30003". This could be caused by a few things:

    • Did you set the correct hostname or IP address in PF_SOCK30003HOST in planefence.config? This can be:

      • The name of another container in the same Docker compose stack, e.g., ultrafeeder or tar1090
      • IP address or an external hostname to a different server
      • IP address or an external hostname to the same server if the Docker instance of ultrafeeder, tar1090, etc. is in a different stack, e.g., adsb.im feeder image

    • Did you enable SBS (BaseStation -- not Beast!) output? Here are some hints on how to enable this:

      • For non-containerized dump1090[-fa]/readsb/tar1090: add command line option --net-sbs-port 30003

      • For containerized readsb-protobuf: add to the environment: section of your docker-compose.yml file:

              - READSB_NET_SBS_OUTPUT_PORT=30003
      - READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=--net-beast-reduce-interval 2 --net-sbs-reduce

      • For users of the ultrafeeder container, no additional changes should be needed (see below for enabling MLAT aircraft)

    • If you are using multiple Docker container stacks, then you should also add - 30003:30003 to the ports: section in the docker-compose.yml file that contains your ultrafeeder, tar1090, readsb, or service.

    • For users of ultrafeeder, if you want to enabled MLAT, make sure to set the following parameter in the ultrafeeder environment variables:

            - READSB_FORWARD_MLAT_SBS=true

Getting help

That's all!

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