From 51f60b6e47b705e0457407c7d2d9bedfb6853e85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nicolas Stucki <nicolas.stucki@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2022 10:10:30 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Disallow bottom types in erased implementations

---
 .../src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/PostTyper.scala   | 10 ++++++++++
 docs/docs/reference/experimental/canthrow.md         |  4 ++--
 library/src/scala/CanThrow.scala                     |  2 +-
 library/src/scala/compiletime/package.scala          |  2 +-
 .../run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check            |  0
 .../run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala            |  0
 tests/invalid/neg/typelevel-erased-leak.scala        |  2 +-
 tests/invalid/run/Tuple.scala                        |  2 +-
 tests/neg-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala    |  2 +-
 tests/neg/erased-class.scala                         |  9 +++++----
 tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman.scala                   |  2 +-
 tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala                  |  2 +-
 tests/pos-custom-args/inline-match-gadt.scala        |  2 +-
 tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Eq.scala               | 12 ++++++------
 tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Evidence.scala         |  2 +-
 tests/pos/i11864.scala                               |  2 +-
 tests/pos/i13392.scala                               |  2 +-
 tests/run-custom-args/generic-tuples.scala           |  2 +-
 tests/run-custom-args/phantom-OnHList.scala          |  4 ++--
 tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala    |  2 +-
 tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2c.scala   |  4 ++--
 tests/run-custom-args/typelevel-defaultValue.scala   |  2 +-
 tests/run/i13691.scala                               |  4 ++--
 tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman.scala                   |  4 ++--
 tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala                  |  2 +-
 25 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)
 rename tests/{ => disabled}/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check (100%)
 rename tests/{ => disabled}/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala (100%)

diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/PostTyper.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/PostTyper.scala
index 5d08921f1ea6..54bb72275921 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/PostTyper.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/PostTyper.scala
@@ -352,9 +352,11 @@ class PostTyper extends MacroTransform with IdentityDenotTransformer { thisPhase
             )
           }
         case tree: ValDef =>
+          checkErasedDef(tree)
           val tree1 = cpy.ValDef(tree)(rhs = normalizeErasedRhs(tree.rhs, tree.symbol))
           processValOrDefDef(super.transform(tree1))
         case tree: DefDef =>
+          checkErasedDef(tree)
           annotateContextResults(tree)
           val tree1 = cpy.DefDef(tree)(rhs = normalizeErasedRhs(tree.rhs, tree.symbol))
           processValOrDefDef(superAcc.wrapDefDef(tree1)(super.transform(tree1).asInstanceOf[DefDef]))
@@ -464,6 +466,14 @@ class PostTyper extends MacroTransform with IdentityDenotTransformer { thisPhase
     private def normalizeErasedRhs(rhs: Tree, sym: Symbol)(using Context) =
       if (sym.isEffectivelyErased) dropInlines.transform(rhs) else rhs
 
+    private def checkErasedDef(tree: ValOrDefDef)(using Context): Unit =
+      if tree.symbol.is(Erased, butNot = Macro) then
+        val tpe = tree.rhs.tpe
+        if tpe.derivesFrom(defn.NothingClass) then
+          report.error("`erased` definition cannot be implemented with en expression of type Nothing", tree.srcPos)
+        else if tpe.derivesFrom(defn.NullClass) then
+          report.error("`erased` definition cannot be implemented with en expression of type Null", tree.srcPos)
+
     private def annotateExperimental(sym: Symbol)(using Context): Unit =
       if sym.is(Module) && sym.companionClass.hasAnnotation(defn.ExperimentalAnnot) then
         sym.addAnnotation(defn.ExperimentalAnnot)
diff --git a/docs/docs/reference/experimental/canthrow.md b/docs/docs/reference/experimental/canthrow.md
index b46cd8cc4876..222bc63b6739 100644
--- a/docs/docs/reference/experimental/canthrow.md
+++ b/docs/docs/reference/experimental/canthrow.md
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ catch
 the compiler generates an accumulated capability of type `CanThrow[Ex1 | ... | Ex2]` that is available as a given in the scope of `body`. It does this by augmenting the `try` roughly as follows:
 ```scala
 try
-  erased given CanThrow[Ex1 | ... | ExN] = ???
+  erased given CanThrow[Ex1 | ... | ExN] = compiletime.erasedValue
   body
 catch ...
 ```
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Everything typechecks and works as expected. But wait - we have called `map` wit
 // compiler-generated code
 @main def test(xs: Double*) =
   try
-    erased given ctl: CanThrow[LimitExceeded] = ???
+    erased given ctl: CanThrow[LimitExceeded] = compiletime.erasedValue
     println(xs.map(x => f(x)(using ctl)).sum)
   catch case ex: LimitExceeded => println("too large")
 ```
diff --git a/library/src/scala/CanThrow.scala b/library/src/scala/CanThrow.scala
index 3e66e42514e4..fcfd11fc9197 100644
--- a/library/src/scala/CanThrow.scala
+++ b/library/src/scala/CanThrow.scala
@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ erased class CanThrow[-E <: Exception]
 
 @experimental
 object unsafeExceptions:
-  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = ???
+  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = compiletime.erasedValue
 
diff --git a/library/src/scala/compiletime/package.scala b/library/src/scala/compiletime/package.scala
index 754ce4d0b9d1..ff00b83bcb79 100644
--- a/library/src/scala/compiletime/package.scala
+++ b/library/src/scala/compiletime/package.scala
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import annotation.compileTimeOnly
  *  @syntax markdown
  */
 // TODO add `erased` once it is not an experimental feature anymore
-def erasedValue[T]: T = ???
+def erasedValue[T]: T = erasedValue[T]
 
 /** Used as the initializer of a mutable class or object field, like this:
  *
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check b/tests/disabled/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check
rename to tests/disabled/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.check
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala b/tests/disabled/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala
rename to tests/disabled/run-custom-args/erased/erased-2.scala
diff --git a/tests/invalid/neg/typelevel-erased-leak.scala b/tests/invalid/neg/typelevel-erased-leak.scala
index ce44137109f6..4875678dbdcc 100644
--- a/tests/invalid/neg/typelevel-erased-leak.scala
+++ b/tests/invalid/neg/typelevel-erased-leak.scala
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 object typelevel {
-  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = ???
+  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
 
 object Test {
diff --git a/tests/invalid/run/Tuple.scala b/tests/invalid/run/Tuple.scala
index 9da7e941b098..5d9f013d1f5a 100644
--- a/tests/invalid/run/Tuple.scala
+++ b/tests/invalid/run/Tuple.scala
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import annotation.showAsInfix
 
 // This version of Tuple requires full retyping of untyped trees on inlining
 object typelevel {
-  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = ???
+  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = compiletime.erasedValue
   class Typed[T](val value: T) { type Type = T }
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/neg-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala b/tests/neg-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
index 75e549413027..be54d7697994 100644
--- a/tests/neg-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
+++ b/tests/neg-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ object TypeLevel {
   type Subtype[t] = Type[_, t]
   type Supertype[t] = Type[t, _]
   type Exactly[t] = Type[t, t]
-  erased def typeOf[T]: Type[T, T] = ???
+  erased def typeOf[T]: Type[T, T] = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
 
 // An algebraic datatype
diff --git a/tests/neg/erased-class.scala b/tests/neg/erased-class.scala
index 29b28d7d5275..96a1c8769bb1 100644
--- a/tests/neg/erased-class.scala
+++ b/tests/neg/erased-class.scala
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import language.experimental.erasedDefinitions
+import scala.annotation.compileTimeOnly
 erased class AA
 erased class BB extends AA // ok
 
 @main def Test =
-  val f1: Array[AA] = ??? // error
-  def f2(x: Int): Array[AA] = ??? // error
-  def bar: AA = ???  // ok
-  val baz: AA = ??? // ok
+  val f1: Array[AA] = compiletime.erasedValue // error // error
+  def f2(x: Int): Array[AA] = compiletime.erasedValue // error // error
+  def bar: AA = compiletime.erasedValue  // ok
+  val baz: AA = compiletime.erasedValue // ok
diff --git a/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman.scala b/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
index f9b7fda118f9..bc07eb0bb3f9 100644
--- a/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
+++ b/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def bar: Int raises Exception =
 
 @main def Test =
   try
-    erased given CanThrow[Fail] = ???
+    erased given CanThrow[Fail] = compiletime.erasedValue
     println(foo(true))
     println(foo(false))
     println(bar)        // error
diff --git a/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala b/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
index 55e5ef4aea2f..7d87baad6fa4 100644
--- a/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
+++ b/tests/neg/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ def bar(x: Boolean)(using CanThrow[Fail]): Int =
 
 @main def Test =
   try
-    given ctf: CanThrow[Fail] = ???
+    given ctf: CanThrow[Fail] = new CanThrow[Fail]
     val x = new CanThrow[Fail]()      // OK, x is erased
     val y: Any = new CanThrow[Fail]() // error: illegal reference to erased class CanThrow
     val y2: Any = new CTF()       // error: illegal reference to erased class CanThrow
diff --git a/tests/pos-custom-args/inline-match-gadt.scala b/tests/pos-custom-args/inline-match-gadt.scala
index 0f22f7b96c22..f63d0fb5b68c 100644
--- a/tests/pos-custom-args/inline-match-gadt.scala
+++ b/tests/pos-custom-args/inline-match-gadt.scala
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 object `inline-match-gadt` {
   class Exactly[T]
-  erased def exactType[T]: Exactly[T] = ???
+  erased def exactType[T]: Exactly[T] = compiletime.erasedValue
 
   inline def foo[T](t: T): T =
     inline exactType[T] match {
diff --git a/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Eq.scala b/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Eq.scala
index 3bd16323524f..6ec5f77676ce 100644
--- a/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Eq.scala
+++ b/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Eq.scala
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ object EqUtil {
   extension [T](x: T)
     def ===[U](y: U)(using erased PhantomEq[T, U]) = x.equals(y)
 
-  erased given eqString: PhantomEqEq[String] = ???
-  erased given eqInt: PhantomEqEq[Int]       = ???
-  erased given eqDouble: PhantomEqEq[Double] = ???
+  erased given eqString: PhantomEqEq[String] = compiletime.erasedValue
+  erased given eqInt: PhantomEqEq[Int]       = compiletime.erasedValue
+  erased given eqDouble: PhantomEqEq[Double] = compiletime.erasedValue
 
-  erased given eqByteNum: PhantomEq[Byte, Number] = ???
-  erased given eqNumByte: PhantomEq[Number, Byte] = ???
+  erased given eqByteNum: PhantomEq[Byte, Number] = compiletime.erasedValue
+  erased given eqNumByte: PhantomEq[Number, Byte] = compiletime.erasedValue
 
-  erased given eqSeq[T, U](using erased PhantomEq[T, U]): PhantomEq[Seq[T], Seq[U]] = ???
+  erased given eqSeq[T, U](using erased PhantomEq[T, U]): PhantomEq[Seq[T], Seq[U]] = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
diff --git a/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Evidence.scala b/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Evidence.scala
index 414f96f3ef33..3a82cfe0c6e8 100644
--- a/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Evidence.scala
+++ b/tests/pos-custom-args/phantom-Evidence.scala
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ object WithNormalState {
 
 object Utils {
   type =::=[From, To]
-  erased given tpEquals[A]: A =::= A = ???
+  erased given tpEquals[A]: A =::= A = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
diff --git a/tests/pos/i11864.scala b/tests/pos/i11864.scala
index da7140e57b8d..4f7735f1c8c5 100644
--- a/tests/pos/i11864.scala
+++ b/tests/pos/i11864.scala
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ final class CallbackTo[+A] {
 object CallbackTo {
 
   type MapGuard[A] = { type Out = A }
-  erased given MapGuard[A]: MapGuard[A] = ???
+  erased given MapGuard[A]: MapGuard[A] = compiletime.erasedValue
 
   def traverse[A, B](ta: List[A]): CallbackTo[List[B]] =
     val x: CallbackTo[List[A] => List[B]] = ???
diff --git a/tests/pos/i13392.scala b/tests/pos/i13392.scala
index de489b9aa75a..614f711eebb5 100644
--- a/tests/pos/i13392.scala
+++ b/tests/pos/i13392.scala
@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ erased class CanThrow[-E <: Exception]
 
 @experimental
 object unsafeExceptions:
-  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = ???
+  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = new CanThrow
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/generic-tuples.scala b/tests/run-custom-args/generic-tuples.scala
index f134b9d864bb..71aa13427493 100644
--- a/tests/run-custom-args/generic-tuples.scala
+++ b/tests/run-custom-args/generic-tuples.scala
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class HNil extends Tuple
 case object HNil extends HNil
 
 trait Pair[H, T <: Tuple] {
-  erased inline def size = ???
+  erased inline def size = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/phantom-OnHList.scala b/tests/run-custom-args/phantom-OnHList.scala
index 7c1ba18bbec4..81eddfe0d4a3 100644
--- a/tests/run-custom-args/phantom-OnHList.scala
+++ b/tests/run-custom-args/phantom-OnHList.scala
@@ -88,6 +88,6 @@ object Appender {
 
 object PhantomAppender {
   type Aux[L1 <: HList, L2 <: HList, O <: HList]
-  implicit erased def caseHNil[L <: HList]: Aux[HNil, L, L] = ???
-  implicit erased def caseHCons[H, T <: HList, L <: HList, O <: HList] (using erased p: Aux[T, L, O]): Aux[H :: T, L, H :: O] = ???
+  implicit erased def caseHNil[L <: HList]: Aux[HNil, L, L] = compiletime.erasedValue
+  implicit erased def caseHCons[H, T <: HList, L <: HList, O <: HList] (using erased p: Aux[T, L, O]): Aux[H :: T, L, H :: O] = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala b/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
index 228547bcccc1..90744d2f7ab6 100644
--- a/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
+++ b/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2.scala
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ object TypeLevel {
   type Subtype[t] = Type[_, t]
   type Supertype[t] = Type[t, _]
   type Exactly[t] = Type[t, t]
-  erased def typeOf[T]: Type[T, T] = ???
+  erased def typeOf[T]: Type[T, T] = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
 
 // An algebraic datatype
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2c.scala b/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2c.scala
index ddf4d62e0498..f7eee2a3fafe 100644
--- a/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2c.scala
+++ b/tests/run-custom-args/typeclass-derivation2c.scala
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ object Deriving {
       /** The number of cases in the sum.
       *  Implemented by an inline method in concrete subclasses.
       */
-      erased def numberOfCases: Int = ???
+      erased def numberOfCases: Int = compiletime.erasedValue
 
       /** The Generic representations of the sum's alternatives.
       *  Implemented by an inline method in concrete subclasses.
       */
-      erased def alternative(n: Int): Generic[_ <: T] = ???
+      erased def alternative(n: Int): Generic[_ <: T] = compiletime.erasedValue
     }
 
     /** The Generic for a product type */
diff --git a/tests/run-custom-args/typelevel-defaultValue.scala b/tests/run-custom-args/typelevel-defaultValue.scala
index 7c3b0af46d25..a171bf8a153c 100644
--- a/tests/run-custom-args/typelevel-defaultValue.scala
+++ b/tests/run-custom-args/typelevel-defaultValue.scala
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 object compiletime {
-  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = ???
+  erased def erasedValue[T]: T = compiletime.erasedValue
 }
 
 object Test extends App {
diff --git a/tests/run/i13691.scala b/tests/run/i13691.scala
index 6db01ee0de35..224656d87923 100644
--- a/tests/run/i13691.scala
+++ b/tests/run/i13691.scala
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ erased class Foo
 class Bar
 
 object unsafeExceptions:
-  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = null
+  given canThrowAny: CanThrow[Exception] = new CanThrow
 
 object test1:
   trait Decoder[+T]:
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ object test5:
 
 @main def Test(): Unit =
   import unsafeExceptions.canThrowAny
-  given Foo = ???
+  given Foo = Foo()
   given Bar = Bar()
   test1.deco.apply().apply
   test2.deco.apply().apply
diff --git a/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman.scala b/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
index d9bd4dc227e6..973c9d8f5137 100644
--- a/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
+++ b/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman.scala
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ def baz: Int raises Exception = foo(false)
 
 @main def Test =
   try
-    given CanThrow[Fail] = ???
+    given CanThrow[Fail] = new CanThrow
     println(foo(true))
     println(foo(false))
   catch case ex: Fail =>
     println("failed")
   try
-    given CanThrow[Exception] = ???
+    given CanThrow[Exception] = new CanThrow
     println(baz)
   catch case ex: Fail =>
     println("failed")
diff --git a/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala b/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
index d7af087a1690..1c84d84babc7 100644
--- a/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
+++ b/tests/run/safeThrowsStrawman2.scala
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ object scalax:
   def try2[R, E <: Exception](body: => R raises E)(c: E => Unit)(f: => Unit): R =
     val res = new Result[R]
     try
-      given CanThrow[E] = ???
+      given CanThrow[E] = new CanThrow
       res.value = body
     catch c.asInstanceOf[Throwable => Unit]
     finally f