diff --git a/include/sys/dbuf.h b/include/sys/dbuf.h
index af509ca388f0..1eabfd7daccf 100644
--- a/include/sys/dbuf.h
+++ b/include/sys/dbuf.h
@@ -342,13 +342,13 @@ boolean_t dbuf_is_metadata(dmu_buf_impl_t *db);
 	} \
 _NOTE(CONSTCOND) } while (0)
 
-#define	dprintf_dbuf_bp(db, bp, fmt, ...) do {				\
-	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) {				\
-	char *__blkbuf = kmem_alloc(BP_SPRINTF_LEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);	\
+#define	dprintf_dbuf_bp(db, bp, fmt, ...) do {			\
+	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) {			\
+	char *__blkbuf = kmem_alloc(BP_SPRINTF_LEN, KM_SLEEP);	\
 	snprintf_blkptr(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN, bp);		\
-	dprintf_dbuf(db, fmt " %s\n", __VA_ARGS__, __blkbuf);		\
-	kmem_free(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN);				\
-	}								\
+	dprintf_dbuf(db, fmt " %s\n", __VA_ARGS__, __blkbuf);	\
+	kmem_free(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN);			\
+	}							\
 _NOTE(CONSTCOND) } while (0)
 
 #define	DBUF_VERIFY(db)	dbuf_verify(db)
diff --git a/include/sys/dsl_dataset.h b/include/sys/dsl_dataset.h
index 4979ae615b73..4ef70adc27cf 100644
--- a/include/sys/dsl_dataset.h
+++ b/include/sys/dsl_dataset.h
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ int dsl_dataset_rollback(const char *fsname, void *owner, nvlist_t *result);
 #ifdef ZFS_DEBUG
 #define	dprintf_ds(ds, fmt, ...) do { \
 	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) { \
-	char *__ds_name = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_PUSHPAGE); \
+	char *__ds_name = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_SLEEP); \
 	dsl_dataset_name(ds, __ds_name); \
 	dprintf("ds=%s " fmt, __ds_name, __VA_ARGS__); \
 	kmem_free(__ds_name, MAXNAMELEN); \
diff --git a/include/sys/dsl_dir.h b/include/sys/dsl_dir.h
index 3aa77523293b..a0a3ef1ded19 100644
--- a/include/sys/dsl_dir.h
+++ b/include/sys/dsl_dir.h
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ void dsl_dir_set_reservation_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, uint64_t value,
 #define	dprintf_dd(dd, fmt, ...) do { \
 	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) { \
 	char *__ds_name = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN + strlen(MOS_DIR_NAME) + 1, \
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE); \
+	    KM_SLEEP); \
 	dsl_dir_name(dd, __ds_name); \
 	dprintf("dd=%s " fmt, __ds_name, __VA_ARGS__); \
 	kmem_free(__ds_name, MAXNAMELEN + strlen(MOS_DIR_NAME) + 1); \
diff --git a/include/sys/spa.h b/include/sys/spa.h
index c989c0b35cd4..2f73793fedb2 100644
--- a/include/sys/spa.h
+++ b/include/sys/spa.h
@@ -877,12 +877,12 @@ extern void spa_configfile_set(spa_t *, nvlist_t *, boolean_t);
 extern void spa_event_notify(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vdev, const char *name);
 
 #ifdef ZFS_DEBUG
-#define	dprintf_bp(bp, fmt, ...) do {					\
-	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) {				\
-	char *__blkbuf = kmem_alloc(BP_SPRINTF_LEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);	\
-	snprintf_blkptr(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN, (bp));		\
-	dprintf(fmt " %s\n", __VA_ARGS__, __blkbuf);			\
-	kmem_free(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN);				\
+#define	dprintf_bp(bp, fmt, ...) do {				\
+	if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_DPRINTF) {			\
+	char *__blkbuf = kmem_alloc(BP_SPRINTF_LEN, KM_SLEEP);	\
+	snprintf_blkptr(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN, (bp));	\
+	dprintf(fmt " %s\n", __VA_ARGS__, __blkbuf);		\
+	kmem_free(__blkbuf, BP_SPRINTF_LEN);			\
 	} \
 _NOTE(CONSTCOND) } while (0)
 #else
diff --git a/include/sys/zfs_context.h b/include/sys/zfs_context.h
index dd02e6f1bcc4..2fde3b5fcfe1 100644
--- a/include/sys/zfs_context.h
+++ b/include/sys/zfs_context.h
@@ -447,7 +447,6 @@ typedef struct taskq_ent {
 
 #define	TQ_SLEEP	KM_SLEEP	/* Can block for memory */
 #define	TQ_NOSLEEP	KM_NOSLEEP	/* cannot block for memory; may fail */
-#define	TQ_PUSHPAGE	KM_PUSHPAGE	/* Cannot perform I/O */
 #define	TQ_NOQUEUE	0x02		/* Do not enqueue if can't dispatch */
 #define	TQ_FRONT	0x08		/* Queue in front */
 
diff --git a/module/zcommon/zprop_common.c b/module/zcommon/zprop_common.c
index 035f3378d929..b32c22657ff5 100644
--- a/module/zcommon/zprop_common.c
+++ b/module/zcommon/zprop_common.c
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ zprop_iter_common(zprop_func func, void *cb, boolean_t show_all,
 	size = num_props * sizeof (zprop_desc_t *);
 
 #if defined(_KERNEL)
-	order = kmem_alloc(size, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	order = kmem_alloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
 #else
 	if ((order = malloc(size)) == NULL)
 		return (ZPROP_CONT);
diff --git a/module/zfs/arc.c b/module/zfs/arc.c
index 48b8942d23c6..a0b74a473afb 100644
--- a/module/zfs/arc.c
+++ b/module/zfs/arc.c
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ arc_cksum_compute(arc_buf_t *buf, boolean_t force)
 		return;
 	}
 	buf->b_hdr->b_freeze_cksum = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zio_cksum_t),
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 	fletcher_2_native(buf->b_data, buf->b_hdr->b_size,
 	    buf->b_hdr->b_freeze_cksum);
 	mutex_exit(&buf->b_hdr->b_freeze_lock);
@@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@ arc_buf_data_free(arc_buf_t *buf, void (*free_func)(void *, size_t))
 
 	if (HDR_L2_WRITING(hdr)) {
 		l2arc_data_free_t *df;
-		df = kmem_alloc(sizeof (l2arc_data_free_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		df = kmem_alloc(sizeof (l2arc_data_free_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		df->l2df_data = buf->b_data;
 		df->l2df_size = hdr->b_size;
 		df->l2df_func = free_func;
@@ -3142,7 +3142,7 @@ arc_read(zio_t *pio, spa_t *spa, const blkptr_t *bp, arc_done_func_t *done,
 				arc_callback_t	*acb = NULL;
 
 				acb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (arc_callback_t),
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				    KM_SLEEP);
 				acb->acb_done = done;
 				acb->acb_private = private;
 				if (pio != NULL)
@@ -3284,7 +3284,7 @@ arc_read(zio_t *pio, spa_t *spa, const blkptr_t *bp, arc_done_func_t *done,
 
 		ASSERT(!GHOST_STATE(hdr->b_state));
 
-		acb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (arc_callback_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		acb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (arc_callback_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		acb->acb_done = done;
 		acb->acb_private = private;
 
@@ -3341,7 +3341,7 @@ arc_read(zio_t *pio, spa_t *spa, const blkptr_t *bp, arc_done_func_t *done,
 				atomic_inc_32(&hdr->b_l2hdr->b_hits);
 
 				cb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (l2arc_read_callback_t),
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				    KM_SLEEP);
 				cb->l2rcb_buf = buf;
 				cb->l2rcb_spa = spa;
 				cb->l2rcb_bp = *bp;
@@ -3871,7 +3871,7 @@ arc_write(zio_t *pio, spa_t *spa, uint64_t txg,
 		hdr->b_flags |= ARC_L2CACHE;
 	if (l2arc_compress)
 		hdr->b_flags |= ARC_L2COMPRESS;
-	callback = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (arc_write_callback_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	callback = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (arc_write_callback_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	callback->awcb_ready = ready;
 	callback->awcb_physdone = physdone;
 	callback->awcb_done = done;
@@ -4979,7 +4979,7 @@ l2arc_write_buffers(spa_t *spa, l2arc_dev_t *dev, uint64_t target_sz,
 				list_insert_head(dev->l2ad_buflist, head);
 
 				cb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (l2arc_write_callback_t),
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				    KM_SLEEP);
 				cb->l2wcb_dev = dev;
 				cb->l2wcb_head = head;
 				pio = zio_root(spa, l2arc_write_done, cb,
@@ -4989,7 +4989,7 @@ l2arc_write_buffers(spa_t *spa, l2arc_dev_t *dev, uint64_t target_sz,
 			/*
 			 * Create and add a new L2ARC header.
 			 */
-			l2hdr = kmem_cache_alloc(l2arc_hdr_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			l2hdr = kmem_cache_alloc(l2arc_hdr_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 			l2hdr->b_dev = dev;
 			l2hdr->b_daddr = 0;
 			arc_space_consume(L2HDR_SIZE, ARC_SPACE_L2HDRS);
diff --git a/module/zfs/bplist.c b/module/zfs/bplist.c
index c3927e74a2d8..c81151e08aaf 100644
--- a/module/zfs/bplist.c
+++ b/module/zfs/bplist.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ bplist_destroy(bplist_t *bpl)
 void
 bplist_append(bplist_t *bpl, const blkptr_t *bp)
 {
-	bplist_entry_t *bpe = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*bpe), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	bplist_entry_t *bpe = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*bpe), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	mutex_enter(&bpl->bpl_lock);
 	bpe->bpe_blk = *bp;
diff --git a/module/zfs/bptree.c b/module/zfs/bptree.c
index 0eafa4d7d8ae..d6ea9d7c6451 100644
--- a/module/zfs/bptree.c
+++ b/module/zfs/bptree.c
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ bptree_add(objset_t *os, uint64_t obj, blkptr_t *bp, uint64_t birth_txg,
 	VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, obj, FTAG, &db));
 	bt = db->db_data;
 
-	bte = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*bte), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	bte = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*bte), KM_SLEEP);
 	bte->be_birth_txg = birth_txg;
 	bte->be_bp = *bp;
 	dmu_write(os, obj, bt->bt_end * sizeof (*bte), sizeof (*bte), bte, tx);
diff --git a/module/zfs/dbuf.c b/module/zfs/dbuf.c
index 3484527dada4..9be69b5ae2cf 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dbuf.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dbuf.c
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ dbuf_init(void)
 	 * Large allocations which do not require contiguous pages
 	 * should be using vmem_alloc() in the linux kernel
 	 */
-	h->hash_table = vmem_zalloc(hsize * sizeof (void *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	h->hash_table = vmem_zalloc(hsize * sizeof (void *), KM_SLEEP);
 #else
 	h->hash_table = kmem_zalloc(hsize * sizeof (void *), KM_NOSLEEP);
 #endif
@@ -1121,7 +1121,7 @@ dbuf_dirty(dmu_buf_impl_t *db, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 		dn->dn_dirtyctx =
 		    (dmu_tx_is_syncing(tx) ? DN_DIRTY_SYNC : DN_DIRTY_OPEN);
 		ASSERT(dn->dn_dirtyctx_firstset == NULL);
-		dn->dn_dirtyctx_firstset = kmem_alloc(1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		dn->dn_dirtyctx_firstset = kmem_alloc(1, KM_SLEEP);
 	}
 	mutex_exit(&dn->dn_mtx);
 
@@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@ dbuf_dirty(dmu_buf_impl_t *db, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	 * to make a copy of it so that the changes we make in this
 	 * transaction group won't leak out when we sync the older txg.
 	 */
-	dr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dbuf_dirty_record_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dbuf_dirty_record_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	list_link_init(&dr->dr_dirty_node);
 	if (db->db_level == 0) {
 		void *data_old = db->db_buf;
@@ -1764,7 +1764,7 @@ dbuf_create(dnode_t *dn, uint8_t level, uint64_t blkid,
 	ASSERT(RW_LOCK_HELD(&dn->dn_struct_rwlock));
 	ASSERT(dn->dn_type != DMU_OT_NONE);
 
-	db = kmem_cache_alloc(dbuf_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	db = kmem_cache_alloc(dbuf_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	db->db_objset = os;
 	db->db.db_object = dn->dn_object;
@@ -2059,7 +2059,7 @@ dbuf_hold_impl(dnode_t *dn, uint8_t level, uint64_t blkid, int fail_sparse,
 	int error;
 
 	dh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct dbuf_hold_impl_data) *
-	    DBUF_HOLD_IMPL_MAX_DEPTH, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    DBUF_HOLD_IMPL_MAX_DEPTH, KM_SLEEP);
 	__dbuf_hold_impl_init(dh, dn, level, blkid, fail_sparse, tag, dbp, 0);
 
 	error = __dbuf_hold_impl(dh);
diff --git a/module/zfs/ddt.c b/module/zfs/ddt.c
index 3ecb5390931a..18557ffb5c1f 100644
--- a/module/zfs/ddt.c
+++ b/module/zfs/ddt.c
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ ddt_get_dedup_stats(spa_t *spa, ddt_stat_t *dds_total)
 {
 	ddt_histogram_t *ddh_total;
 
-	ddh_total = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_histogram_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ddh_total = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_histogram_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	ddt_get_dedup_histogram(spa, ddh_total);
 	ddt_histogram_stat(dds_total, ddh_total);
 	kmem_free(ddh_total, sizeof (ddt_histogram_t));
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ ddt_alloc(const ddt_key_t *ddk)
 {
 	ddt_entry_t *dde;
 
-	dde = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_entry_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dde = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_entry_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	bzero(dde, sizeof (ddt_entry_t));
 	cv_init(&dde->dde_cv, NULL, CV_DEFAULT, NULL);
 
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ ddt_table_alloc(spa_t *spa, enum zio_checksum c)
 {
 	ddt_t *ddt;
 
-	ddt = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ddt = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	bzero(ddt, sizeof (ddt_t));
 
 	mutex_init(&ddt->ddt_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ ddt_class_contains(spa_t *spa, enum ddt_class max_class, const blkptr_t *bp)
 		return (B_TRUE);
 
 	ddt = spa->spa_ddt[BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)];
-	dde = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_entry_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dde = kmem_cache_alloc(ddt_entry_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	ddt_key_fill(&(dde->dde_key), bp);
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/ddt_zap.c b/module/zfs/ddt_zap.c
index a21ed45428e3..fc9cfec045a2 100644
--- a/module/zfs/ddt_zap.c
+++ b/module/zfs/ddt_zap.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ ddt_zap_lookup(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, ddt_entry_t *dde)
 	uint64_t one, csize;
 	int error;
 
-	cbuf = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dde->dde_phys) + 1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	cbuf = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dde->dde_phys) + 1, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	error = zap_length_uint64(os, object, (uint64_t *)&dde->dde_key,
 	    DDT_KEY_WORDS, &one, &csize);
diff --git a/module/zfs/dmu.c b/module/zfs/dmu.c
index 607da887b04b..a158738a526c 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dmu.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dmu.c
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ dmu_buf_hold_array_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, uint64_t offset, uint64_t length,
 		}
 		nblks = 1;
 	}
-	dbp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_buf_t *) * nblks, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dbp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_buf_t *) * nblks, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	zio = zio_root(dn->dn_objset->os_spa, NULL, NULL, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL);
 	blkid = dbuf_whichblock(dn, offset);
@@ -924,11 +924,11 @@ dmu_xuio_init(xuio_t *xuio, int nblk)
 	uio_t *uio = &xuio->xu_uio;
 
 	uio->uio_iovcnt = nblk;
-	uio->uio_iov = kmem_zalloc(nblk * sizeof (iovec_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	uio->uio_iov = kmem_zalloc(nblk * sizeof (iovec_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
-	priv = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_xuio_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	priv = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_xuio_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	priv->cnt = nblk;
-	priv->bufs = kmem_zalloc(nblk * sizeof (arc_buf_t *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	priv->bufs = kmem_zalloc(nblk * sizeof (arc_buf_t *), KM_SLEEP);
 	priv->iovp = uio->uio_iov;
 	XUIO_XUZC_PRIV(xuio) = priv;
 
@@ -1530,7 +1530,7 @@ dmu_sync_late_arrival(zio_t *pio, objset_t *os, dmu_sync_cb_t *done, zgd_t *zgd,
 		return (SET_ERROR(EIO));
 	}
 
-	dsa = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_sync_arg_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dsa = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_sync_arg_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	dsa->dsa_dr = NULL;
 	dsa->dsa_done = done;
 	dsa->dsa_zgd = zgd;
@@ -1670,7 +1670,7 @@ dmu_sync(zio_t *pio, uint64_t txg, dmu_sync_cb_t *done, zgd_t *zgd)
 	dr->dt.dl.dr_override_state = DR_IN_DMU_SYNC;
 	mutex_exit(&db->db_mtx);
 
-	dsa = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_sync_arg_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dsa = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_sync_arg_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	dsa->dsa_dr = dr;
 	dsa->dsa_done = done;
 	dsa->dsa_zgd = zgd;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dmu_objset.c b/module/zfs/dmu_objset.c
index 7876d7590793..f438ca62a11f 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dmu_objset.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dmu_objset.c
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ dmu_objset_open_impl(spa_t *spa, dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp,
 
 	ASSERT(ds == NULL || MUTEX_HELD(&ds->ds_opening_lock));
 
-	os = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (objset_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	os = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (objset_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	os->os_dsl_dataset = ds;
 	os->os_spa = spa;
 	os->os_rootbp = bp;
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ dmu_objset_find_dp(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t ddobj,
 	}
 
 	thisobj = dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj;
-	attr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	attr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * Iterate over all children.
@@ -1685,7 +1685,7 @@ dmu_objset_find_impl(spa_t *spa, const char *name,
 	}
 
 	thisobj = dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj;
-	attr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	attr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * Iterate over all children.
diff --git a/module/zfs/dmu_traverse.c b/module/zfs/dmu_traverse.c
index 42dde7903304..b090bc2fc548 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dmu_traverse.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dmu_traverse.c
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ traverse_visitbp(traverse_data_t *td, const dnode_phys_t *dnp,
 		if (err != 0)
 			goto post;
 
-		czb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zbookmark_phys_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		czb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zbookmark_phys_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < epb; i++) {
 			SET_BOOKMARK(czb, zb->zb_objset, zb->zb_object,
@@ -517,9 +517,9 @@ traverse_impl(spa_t *spa, dsl_dataset_t *ds, uint64_t objset, blkptr_t *rootbp,
 	 */
 	ASSERT(resume == NULL || !(flags & TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_DATA));
 
-	td = kmem_alloc(sizeof (traverse_data_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	pd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (prefetch_data_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	czb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zbookmark_phys_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	td = kmem_alloc(sizeof (traverse_data_t), KM_SLEEP);
+	pd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (prefetch_data_t), KM_SLEEP);
+	czb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zbookmark_phys_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	td->td_spa = spa;
 	td->td_objset = objset;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dmu_tx.c b/module/zfs/dmu_tx.c
index ae39aebaa2ab..890aecc1d2c1 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dmu_tx.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dmu_tx.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ static kstat_t *dmu_tx_ksp;
 dmu_tx_t *
 dmu_tx_create_dd(dsl_dir_t *dd)
 {
-	dmu_tx_t *tx = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dmu_tx_t *tx = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	tx->tx_dir = dd;
 	if (dd != NULL)
 		tx->tx_pool = dd->dd_pool;
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ dmu_tx_hold_object_impl(dmu_tx_t *tx, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
 		}
 	}
 
-	txh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_hold_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	txh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_hold_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	txh->txh_tx = tx;
 	txh->txh_dnode = dn;
 #ifdef DEBUG_DMU_TX
@@ -1467,7 +1467,7 @@ dmu_tx_callback_register(dmu_tx_t *tx, dmu_tx_callback_func_t *func, void *data)
 {
 	dmu_tx_callback_t *dcb;
 
-	dcb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_callback_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dcb = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_tx_callback_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	dcb->dcb_func = func;
 	dcb->dcb_data = data;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dmu_zfetch.c b/module/zfs/dmu_zfetch.c
index 9bc9191848fc..8ff2f0509787 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dmu_zfetch.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dmu_zfetch.c
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ dmu_zfetch(zfetch_t *zf, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size, int prefetched)
 				return;
 			}
 			newstream =
-			    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zstream_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zstream_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		}
 
 		newstream->zst_offset = zst.zst_offset;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dnode.c b/module/zfs/dnode.c
index e5c212cc0bda..dc082ff3e7d0 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dnode.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dnode.c
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ static dnode_t *
 dnode_create(objset_t *os, dnode_phys_t *dnp, dmu_buf_impl_t *db,
     uint64_t object, dnode_handle_t *dnh)
 {
-	dnode_t *dn = kmem_cache_alloc(dnode_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dnode_t *dn = kmem_cache_alloc(dnode_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	ASSERT(!POINTER_IS_VALID(dn->dn_objset));
 	dn->dn_moved = 0;
@@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ dnode_hold_impl(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, int flag,
 		int i;
 		dnode_children_t *winner;
 		children_dnodes = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dnode_children_t) +
-		    (epb - 1) * sizeof (dnode_handle_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    (epb - 1) * sizeof (dnode_handle_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		children_dnodes->dnc_count = epb;
 		dnh = &children_dnodes->dnc_children[0];
 		for (i = 0; i < epb; i++) {
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_dataset.c b/module/zfs/dsl_dataset.c
index 3d5551cc4db9..79cb6a3a25e5 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_dataset.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_dataset.c
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, void *tag,
 	if (ds == NULL) {
 		dsl_dataset_t *winner = NULL;
 
-		ds = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dsl_dataset_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		ds = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dsl_dataset_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		ds->ds_dbuf = dbuf;
 		ds->ds_object = dsobj;
 		ds->ds_phys = dbuf->db_data;
@@ -1772,9 +1772,9 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_check(void *arg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	}
 
 	/* must not have any bookmarks after the most recent snapshot */
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&proprequest, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	proprequest = fnvlist_alloc();
 	fnvlist_add_boolean(proprequest, zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_CREATETXG));
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&bookmarks, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	bookmarks = fnvlist_alloc();
 	error = dsl_get_bookmarks_impl(ds, proprequest, bookmarks);
 	fnvlist_free(proprequest);
 	if (error != 0)
@@ -2262,7 +2262,7 @@ snaplist_make(dsl_pool_t *dp,
 		if (first_obj == 0)
 			first_obj = ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj;
 
-		snap = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*snap), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		snap = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*snap), KM_SLEEP);
 		snap->ds = ds;
 		list_insert_tail(l, snap);
 		obj = ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_deadlist.c b/module/zfs/dsl_deadlist.c
index 909b5f8fc83f..8a4362ff9c1a 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_deadlist.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_deadlist.c
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ dsl_deadlist_load_tree(dsl_deadlist_t *dl)
 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
 		dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle;
 
-		dle = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*dle), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		dle = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*dle), KM_SLEEP);
 		dle->dle_mintxg = strtonum(za.za_name, NULL);
 		VERIFY3U(0, ==, bpobj_open(&dle->dle_bpobj, dl->dl_os,
 		    za.za_first_integer));
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ dsl_deadlist_add_key(dsl_deadlist_t *dl, uint64_t mintxg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 
 	dsl_deadlist_load_tree(dl);
 
-	dle = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*dle), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dle = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*dle), KM_SLEEP);
 	dle->dle_mintxg = mintxg;
 	obj = bpobj_alloc_empty(dl->dl_os, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, tx);
 	VERIFY3U(0, ==, bpobj_open(&dle->dle_bpobj, dl->dl_os, obj));
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_destroy.c b/module/zfs/dsl_destroy.c
index 50a9c5f31b1f..9765ba1553a8 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_destroy.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_destroy.c
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ dsl_dataset_remove_clones_key(dsl_dataset_t *ds, uint64_t mintxg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	if (ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_clones == 0)
 		return;
 
-	zc = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_cursor_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zc = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_cursor_t), KM_SLEEP);
+	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (zap_cursor_init(zc, mos, ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_clones);
 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(zc, za) == 0;
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ dsl_destroy_snapshots_nvl(nvlist_t *snaps, boolean_t defer,
 
 	dsda.dsda_snaps = snaps;
 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&dsda.dsda_successful_snaps,
-	    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP));
 	dsda.dsda_defer = defer;
 	dsda.dsda_errlist = errlist;
 
@@ -520,11 +520,8 @@ int
 dsl_destroy_snapshot(const char *name, boolean_t defer)
 {
 	int error;
-	nvlist_t *nvl;
-	nvlist_t *errlist;
-
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&errlist, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	nvlist_t *nvl = fnvlist_alloc();
+	nvlist_t *errlist = fnvlist_alloc();
 
 	fnvlist_add_boolean(nvl, name);
 	error = dsl_destroy_snapshots_nvl(nvl, defer, errlist);
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_dir.c b/module/zfs/dsl_dir.c
index 4cbe04e2d0ef..b94b68e15774 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_dir.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_dir.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ dsl_dir_hold_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t ddobj,
 	if (dd == NULL) {
 		dsl_dir_t *winner;
 
-		dd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dsl_dir_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		dd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dsl_dir_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		dd->dd_object = ddobj;
 		dd->dd_dbuf = dbuf;
 		dd->dd_pool = dp;
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ dsl_dir_hold(dsl_pool_t *dp, const char *name, void *tag,
 	dsl_dir_t *dd;
 	uint64_t ddobj;
 
-	buf = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	buf = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_SLEEP);
 	err = getcomponent(name, buf, &next);
 	if (err != 0)
 		goto error;
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ dsl_dir_tempreserve_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, uint64_t asize, boolean_t netfree,
 	    asize - ref_rsrv);
 	mutex_exit(&dd->dd_lock);
 
-	tr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct tempreserve), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	tr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct tempreserve), KM_SLEEP);
 	tr->tr_ds = dd;
 	tr->tr_size = asize;
 	list_insert_tail(tr_list, tr);
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ dsl_dir_tempreserve_space(dsl_dir_t *dd, uint64_t lsize, uint64_t asize,
 		return (0);
 	}
 
-	tr_list = kmem_alloc(sizeof (list_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	tr_list = kmem_alloc(sizeof (list_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	list_create(tr_list, sizeof (struct tempreserve),
 	    offsetof(struct tempreserve, tr_node));
 	ASSERT3S(asize, >, 0);
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ dsl_dir_tempreserve_space(dsl_dir_t *dd, uint64_t lsize, uint64_t asize,
 	if (err == 0) {
 		struct tempreserve *tr;
 
-		tr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct tempreserve), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		tr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct tempreserve), KM_SLEEP);
 		tr->tr_size = lsize;
 		list_insert_tail(tr_list, tr);
 	} else {
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_pool.c b/module/zfs/dsl_pool.c
index 100d0453254f..b54c03bc33fe 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_pool.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_pool.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ dsl_pool_close(dsl_pool_t *dp)
 	mutex_destroy(&dp->dp_lock);
 	taskq_destroy(dp->dp_iput_taskq);
 	if (dp->dp_blkstats)
-		kmem_free(dp->dp_blkstats, sizeof (zfs_all_blkstats_t));
+		vmem_free(dp->dp_blkstats, sizeof (zfs_all_blkstats_t));
 	kmem_free(dp, sizeof (dsl_pool_t));
 }
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_prop.c b/module/zfs/dsl_prop.c
index ded0da991721..d71247326926 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_prop.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_prop.c
@@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ dsl_prop_register(dsl_dataset_t *ds, const char *propname,
 	if (err != 0)
 		return (err);
 
-	cbr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dsl_prop_cb_record_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	cbr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dsl_prop_cb_record_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	cbr->cbr_ds = ds;
-	cbr->cbr_propname = kmem_alloc(strlen(propname)+1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	cbr->cbr_propname = kmem_alloc(strlen(propname)+1, KM_SLEEP);
 	(void) strcpy((char *)cbr->cbr_propname, propname);
 	cbr->cbr_func = callback;
 	cbr->cbr_arg = cbarg;
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ dsl_prop_changed_notify(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t ddobj,
 	}
 	mutex_exit(&dd->dd_lock);
 
-	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, mos,
 	    dd->dd_phys->dd_child_dir_zapobj);
 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, za) == 0;
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ dsl_prop_set_sync_impl(dsl_dataset_t *ds, const char *propname,
 		if (source == ZPROP_SRC_LOCAL) {
 			valstr = value;
 		} else {
-			tbuf = kmem_alloc(ZAP_MAXVALUELEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			tbuf = kmem_alloc(ZAP_MAXVALUELEN, KM_SLEEP);
 			if (dsl_prop_get_ds(ds, propname, 1,
 			    ZAP_MAXVALUELEN, tbuf, NULL) == 0)
 				valstr = tbuf;
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_scan.c b/module/zfs/dsl_scan.c
index ebb6305eb16e..8b166bcc68eb 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_scan.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_scan.c
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ dsl_scan_setup_sync(void *arg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	/* back to the generic stuff */
 
 	if (dp->dp_blkstats == NULL) {
-		dp->dp_blkstats = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_all_blkstats_t),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		dp->dp_blkstats =
+		    vmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_all_blkstats_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	}
 	bzero(dp->dp_blkstats, sizeof (zfs_all_blkstats_t));
 
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ dsl_scan_visitbp(blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb,
 	dsl_pool_t *dp = scn->scn_dp;
 	blkptr_t *bp_toread;
 
-	bp_toread = kmem_alloc(sizeof (blkptr_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	bp_toread = kmem_alloc(sizeof (blkptr_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	*bp_toread = *bp;
 
 	/* ASSERT(pbuf == NULL || arc_released(pbuf)); */
@@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ dsl_scan_visitds(dsl_scan_t *scn, uint64_t dsobj, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
 	dsl_scan_visit_rootbp(scn, ds, &ds->ds_phys->ds_bp, tx);
 
-	dsname = kmem_alloc(ZFS_MAXNAMELEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dsname = kmem_alloc(ZFS_MAXNAMELEN, KM_SLEEP);
 	dsl_dataset_name(ds, dsname);
 	zfs_dbgmsg("scanned dataset %llu (%s) with min=%llu max=%llu; "
 	    "pausing=%u",
@@ -1325,8 +1325,8 @@ dsl_scan_visit(dsl_scan_t *scn, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	 * bookmark so we don't think that we're still trying to resume.
 	 */
 	bzero(&scn->scn_phys.scn_bookmark, sizeof (zbookmark_phys_t));
-	zc = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_cursor_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zc = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_cursor_t), KM_SLEEP);
+	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/* keep pulling things out of the zap-object-as-queue */
 	while (zap_cursor_init(zc, dp->dp_meta_objset,
diff --git a/module/zfs/dsl_userhold.c b/module/zfs/dsl_userhold.c
index 93fd5d9e1751..1d6c9df8979b 100644
--- a/module/zfs/dsl_userhold.c
+++ b/module/zfs/dsl_userhold.c
@@ -166,8 +166,7 @@ dsl_dataset_user_hold_sync_one_impl(nvlist_t *tmpholds, dsl_dataset_t *ds,
 		    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_object);
 
 		if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist(tmpholds, name, &tags) != 0) {
-			VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&tags, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE));
+			tags = fnvlist_alloc();
 			fnvlist_add_boolean(tags, htag);
 			fnvlist_add_nvlist(tmpholds, name, tags);
 			fnvlist_free(tags);
@@ -226,7 +225,7 @@ dsl_onexit_hold_cleanup(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *holds, minor_t minor)
 	}
 
 	ASSERT(spa != NULL);
-	ca = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*ca), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ca = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*ca), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	(void) strlcpy(ca->zhca_spaname, spa_name(spa),
 	    sizeof (ca->zhca_spaname));
@@ -243,7 +242,7 @@ dsl_dataset_user_hold_sync_one(dsl_dataset_t *ds, const char *htag,
 	nvlist_t *tmpholds;
 
 	if (minor != 0)
-		VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&tmpholds, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+		tmpholds = fnvlist_alloc();
 	else
 		tmpholds = NULL;
 	dsl_dataset_user_hold_sync_one_impl(tmpholds, ds, htag, minor, now, tx);
@@ -260,7 +259,7 @@ dsl_dataset_user_hold_sync(void *arg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	uint64_t now = gethrestime_sec();
 
 	if (dduha->dduha_minor != 0)
-		VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&tmpholds, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+		tmpholds = fnvlist_alloc();
 	else
 		tmpholds = NULL;
 	for (pair = nvlist_next_nvpair(dduha->dduha_chkholds, NULL);
@@ -315,8 +314,7 @@ dsl_dataset_user_hold(nvlist_t *holds, minor_t cleanup_minor, nvlist_t *errlist)
 		return (0);
 
 	dduha.dduha_holds = holds;
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&dduha.dduha_chkholds, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-		KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	dduha.dduha_chkholds = fnvlist_alloc();
 	dduha.dduha_errlist = errlist;
 	dduha.dduha_minor = cleanup_minor;
 
@@ -365,7 +363,7 @@ dsl_dataset_user_release_check_one(dsl_dataset_user_release_arg_t *ddura,
 	numholds = 0;
 	mos = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset;
 	zapobj = ds->ds_phys->ds_userrefs_obj;
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&holds_found, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&holds_found, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP));
 
 	for (pair = nvlist_next_nvpair(holds, NULL); pair != NULL;
 	    pair = nvlist_next_nvpair(holds, pair)) {
@@ -605,9 +603,9 @@ dsl_dataset_user_release_impl(nvlist_t *holds, nvlist_t *errlist,
 	ddura.ddura_holds = holds;
 	ddura.ddura_errlist = errlist;
 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&ddura.ddura_todelete, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	    KM_SLEEP));
 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&ddura.ddura_chkholds, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	    KM_SLEEP));
 
 	error = dsl_sync_task(pool, dsl_dataset_user_release_check,
 	    dsl_dataset_user_release_sync, &ddura, 0);
@@ -657,7 +655,7 @@ dsl_dataset_get_holds(const char *dsname, nvlist_t *nvl)
 		zap_attribute_t *za;
 		zap_cursor_t zc;
 
-		za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset,
 		    ds->ds_phys->ds_userrefs_obj);
 		    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, za) == 0;
diff --git a/module/zfs/fm.c b/module/zfs/fm.c
index d38cb067e12a..56787137b3a2 100644
--- a/module/zfs/fm.c
+++ b/module/zfs/fm.c
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ zfs_zevent_alloc(void)
 {
 	zevent_t *ev;
 
-	ev = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zevent_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ev = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zevent_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	if (ev == NULL)
 		return (NULL);
 
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ zfs_zevent_destroy(zfs_zevent_t *ze)
 static void *
 i_fm_alloc(nv_alloc_t *nva, size_t size)
 {
-	return (kmem_zalloc(size, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	return (kmem_zalloc(size, KM_SLEEP));
 }
 
 /* ARGSUSED */
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ fm_nvlist_create(nv_alloc_t *nva)
 	nv_alloc_t *nvhdl;
 
 	if (nva == NULL) {
-		nvhdl = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (nv_alloc_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		nvhdl = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (nv_alloc_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 		if (nv_alloc_init(nvhdl, &fm_mem_alloc_ops, NULL, 0) != 0) {
 			kmem_free(nvhdl, sizeof (nv_alloc_t));
diff --git a/module/zfs/lz4.c b/module/zfs/lz4.c
index 5c3c6cdb173c..cf406b9368ff 100644
--- a/module/zfs/lz4.c
+++ b/module/zfs/lz4.c
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ real_LZ4_compress(const char *source, char *dest, int isize, int osize)
 	int result;
 
 	ASSERT(lz4_cache != NULL);
-	ctx = kmem_cache_alloc(lz4_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ctx = kmem_cache_alloc(lz4_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * out of kernel memory, gently fall through - this will disable
diff --git a/module/zfs/lzjb.c b/module/zfs/lzjb.c
index 83ff409cee65..ae18467011cb 100644
--- a/module/zfs/lzjb.c
+++ b/module/zfs/lzjb.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ lzjb_compress(void *s_start, void *d_start, size_t s_len, size_t d_len, int n)
 	uint16_t *hp;
 	uint16_t *lempel;
 
-	lempel = kmem_zalloc(LEMPEL_SIZE * sizeof (uint16_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	lempel = kmem_zalloc(LEMPEL_SIZE * sizeof (uint16_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	while (src < (uchar_t *)s_start + s_len) {
 		if ((copymask <<= 1) == (1 << NBBY)) {
 			if (dst >= (uchar_t *)d_start + d_len - 1 - 2 * NBBY) {
diff --git a/module/zfs/metaslab.c b/module/zfs/metaslab.c
index 1d3943c7f1b0..f9eef272b0bb 100644
--- a/module/zfs/metaslab.c
+++ b/module/zfs/metaslab.c
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ metaslab_class_create(spa_t *spa, metaslab_ops_t *ops)
 {
 	metaslab_class_t *mc;
 
-	mc = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_class_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	mc = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_class_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	mc->mc_spa = spa;
 	mc->mc_rotor = NULL;
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ metaslab_class_histogram_verify(metaslab_class_t *mc)
 		return;
 
 	mc_hist = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint64_t) * RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
 		vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ metaslab_group_create(metaslab_class_t *mc, vdev_t *vd)
 {
 	metaslab_group_t *mg;
 
-	mg = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_group_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	mg = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_group_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	mutex_init(&mg->mg_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	avl_create(&mg->mg_metaslab_tree, metaslab_compare,
 	    sizeof (metaslab_t), offsetof(struct metaslab, ms_group_node));
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ metaslab_group_histogram_verify(metaslab_group_t *mg)
 		return;
 
 	mg_hist = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint64_t) * RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 
 	ASSERT3U(RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, >=,
 	    SPACE_MAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE + ashift);
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ metaslab_init(metaslab_group_t *mg, uint64_t id, uint64_t object, uint64_t txg,
 	metaslab_t *ms;
 	int error;
 
-	ms = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ms = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (metaslab_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	mutex_init(&ms->ms_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	cv_init(&ms->ms_load_cv, NULL, CV_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	ms->ms_id = id;
@@ -1639,7 +1639,7 @@ metaslab_group_preload(metaslab_group_t *mg)
 		 */
 		mutex_exit(&mg->mg_lock);
 		VERIFY(taskq_dispatch(mg->mg_taskq, metaslab_preload,
-		    msp, TQ_PUSHPAGE) != 0);
+		    msp, TQ_SLEEP) != 0);
 		mutex_enter(&mg->mg_lock);
 		msp = msp_next;
 	}
diff --git a/module/zfs/range_tree.c b/module/zfs/range_tree.c
index 4643d263291a..22175e06ab30 100644
--- a/module/zfs/range_tree.c
+++ b/module/zfs/range_tree.c
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ range_tree_create(range_tree_ops_t *ops, void *arg, kmutex_t *lp)
 {
 	range_tree_t *rt;
 
-	rt = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (range_tree_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rt = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (range_tree_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	avl_create(&rt->rt_root, range_tree_seg_compare,
 	    sizeof (range_seg_t), offsetof(range_seg_t, rs_node));
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ range_tree_add(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
 		rs_after->rs_start = start;
 		rs = rs_after;
 	} else {
-		rs = kmem_cache_alloc(range_seg_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		rs = kmem_cache_alloc(range_seg_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 		rs->rs_start = start;
 		rs->rs_end = end;
 		avl_insert(&rt->rt_root, rs, where);
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ range_tree_remove(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
 		rt->rt_ops->rtop_remove(rt, rs, rt->rt_arg);
 
 	if (left_over && right_over) {
-		newseg = kmem_cache_alloc(range_seg_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		newseg = kmem_cache_alloc(range_seg_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 		newseg->rs_start = end;
 		newseg->rs_end = rs->rs_end;
 		range_tree_stat_incr(rt, newseg);
diff --git a/module/zfs/refcount.c b/module/zfs/refcount.c
index 49980efcc85d..4c460a200967 100644
--- a/module/zfs/refcount.c
+++ b/module/zfs/refcount.c
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ refcount_add_many(refcount_t *rc, uint64_t number, void *holder)
 	int64_t count;
 
 	if (rc->rc_tracked) {
-		ref = kmem_cache_alloc(reference_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		ref = kmem_cache_alloc(reference_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 		ref->ref_holder = holder;
 		ref->ref_number = number;
 	}
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ refcount_remove_many(refcount_t *rc, uint64_t number, void *holder)
 			if (reference_history > 0) {
 				ref->ref_removed =
 				    kmem_cache_alloc(reference_history_cache,
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				    KM_SLEEP);
 				list_insert_head(&rc->rc_removed, ref);
 				rc->rc_removed_count++;
 				if (rc->rc_removed_count > reference_history) {
diff --git a/module/zfs/rrwlock.c b/module/zfs/rrwlock.c
index 357afbfa5481..8e80166c7d14 100644
--- a/module/zfs/rrwlock.c
+++ b/module/zfs/rrwlock.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ rrn_add(rrwlock_t *rrl, void *tag)
 {
 	rrw_node_t *rn;
 
-	rn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*rn), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*rn), KM_SLEEP);
 	rn->rn_rrl = rrl;
 	rn->rn_next = tsd_get(rrw_tsd_key);
 	rn->rn_tag = tag;
diff --git a/module/zfs/sa.c b/module/zfs/sa.c
index 25153a839fe8..ea68e40a2091 100644
--- a/module/zfs/sa.c
+++ b/module/zfs/sa.c
@@ -434,10 +434,10 @@ sa_add_layout_entry(objset_t *os, sa_attr_type_t *attrs, int attr_count,
 	avl_index_t loc;
 
 	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&sa->sa_lock));
-	tb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_lot_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	tb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_lot_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	tb->lot_attr_count = attr_count;
 	tb->lot_attrs = kmem_alloc(sizeof (sa_attr_type_t) * attr_count,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 	bcopy(attrs, tb->lot_attrs, sizeof (sa_attr_type_t) * attr_count);
 	tb->lot_num = lot_num;
 	tb->lot_hash = hash;
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ sa_build_layouts(sa_handle_t *hdl, sa_bulk_attr_t *attr_desc, int attr_count,
 		buf_space = hdl->sa_bonus->db_size - hdrsize;
 
 	attrs_start = attrs = kmem_alloc(sizeof (sa_attr_type_t) * attr_count,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 	lot_count = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0, len_idx = 0, hash = -1ULL; i != attr_count; i++) {
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ sa_attr_table_setup(objset_t *os, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count)
 	dmu_objset_type_t ostype = dmu_objset_type(os);
 
 	sa->sa_user_table =
-	    kmem_zalloc(count * sizeof (sa_attr_type_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    kmem_zalloc(count * sizeof (sa_attr_type_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	sa->sa_user_table_sz = count * sizeof (sa_attr_type_t);
 
 	if (sa->sa_reg_attr_obj != 0) {
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ sa_attr_table_setup(objset_t *os, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count)
 
 	sa->sa_num_attrs = sa_attr_count;
 	tb = sa->sa_attr_table =
-	    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_attr_table_t) * sa_attr_count, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_attr_table_t) * sa_attr_count, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * Attribute table is constructed from requested attribute list,
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ sa_attr_table_setup(objset_t *os, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count)
 				continue;
 			}
 			tb[ATTR_NUM(value)].sa_name =
-			    kmem_zalloc(strlen(za.za_name) +1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			    kmem_zalloc(strlen(za.za_name) +1, KM_SLEEP);
 			(void) strlcpy(tb[ATTR_NUM(value)].sa_name, za.za_name,
 			    strlen(za.za_name) +1);
 		}
@@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ sa_attr_table_setup(objset_t *os, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count)
 			tb[i].sa_registered = B_FALSE;
 			tb[i].sa_name =
 			    kmem_zalloc(strlen(sa_legacy_attrs[i].sa_name) +1,
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			    KM_SLEEP);
 			(void) strlcpy(tb[i].sa_name,
 			    sa_legacy_attrs[i].sa_name,
 			    strlen(sa_legacy_attrs[i].sa_name) + 1);
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ sa_attr_table_setup(objset_t *os, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count)
 		tb[attr_id].sa_byteswap = reg_attrs[i].sa_byteswap;
 		tb[attr_id].sa_attr = attr_id;
 		tb[attr_id].sa_name =
-		    kmem_zalloc(strlen(reg_attrs[i].sa_name) + 1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    kmem_zalloc(strlen(reg_attrs[i].sa_name) + 1, KM_SLEEP);
 		(void) strlcpy(tb[attr_id].sa_name, reg_attrs[i].sa_name,
 		    strlen(reg_attrs[i].sa_name) + 1);
 	}
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ sa_setup(objset_t *os, uint64_t sa_obj, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count,
 		return (0);
 	}
 
-	sa = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_os_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sa = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_os_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	mutex_init(&sa->sa_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	sa->sa_master_obj = sa_obj;
 
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ sa_setup(objset_t *os, uint64_t sa_obj, sa_attr_reg_t *reg_attrs, int count,
 			uint64_t lot_num;
 
 			lot_attrs = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_attr_type_t) *
-			    za.za_num_integers, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			    za.za_num_integers, KM_SLEEP);
 
 			if ((error = (zap_lookup(os, sa->sa_layout_attr_obj,
 			    za.za_name, 2, za.za_num_integers,
@@ -1563,14 +1563,14 @@ sa_find_idx_tab(objset_t *os, dmu_object_type_t bonustype, void *data)
 	}
 
 	/* No such luck, create a new entry */
-	idx_tab = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_idx_tab_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	idx_tab = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sa_idx_tab_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	idx_tab->sa_idx_tab =
-	    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint32_t) * sa->sa_num_attrs, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint32_t) * sa->sa_num_attrs, KM_SLEEP);
 	idx_tab->sa_layout = tb;
 	refcount_create(&idx_tab->sa_refcount);
 	if (tb->lot_var_sizes)
 		idx_tab->sa_variable_lengths = kmem_alloc(sizeof (uint16_t) *
-		    tb->lot_var_sizes, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    tb->lot_var_sizes, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	sa_attr_iter(os, hdr, bonustype, sa_build_idx_tab,
 	    tb, idx_tab);
diff --git a/module/zfs/spa.c b/module/zfs/spa.c
index 88641603abc9..55bcf43f884c 100644
--- a/module/zfs/spa.c
+++ b/module/zfs/spa.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ spa_prop_add_list(nvlist_t *nvl, zpool_prop_t prop, char *strval,
 	const char *propname = zpool_prop_to_name(prop);
 	nvlist_t *propval;
 
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&propval, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&propval, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(propval, ZPROP_SOURCE, src) == 0);
 
 	if (strval != NULL)
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ spa_prop_get(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t **nvp)
 	zap_attribute_t za;
 	int err;
 
-	err = nvlist_alloc(nvp, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	err = nvlist_alloc(nvp, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP);
 	if (err)
 		return (err);
 
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ spa_prop_get(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t **nvp)
 
 				strval = kmem_alloc(
 				    MAXNAMELEN + strlen(MOS_DIR_NAME) + 1,
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				    KM_SLEEP);
 				dsl_dataset_name(ds, strval);
 				dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
 				dsl_pool_config_exit(dp, FTAG);
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ spa_prop_get(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t **nvp)
 
 		case 1:
 			/* string property */
-			strval = kmem_alloc(za.za_num_integers, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			strval = kmem_alloc(za.za_num_integers, KM_SLEEP);
 			err = zap_lookup(mos, spa->spa_pool_props_object,
 			    za.za_name, 1, za.za_num_integers, strval);
 			if (err) {
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ spa_configfile_set(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *nvp, boolean_t need_sync)
 		return;
 
 	dp = kmem_alloc(sizeof (spa_config_dirent_t),
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (cachefile[0] == '\0')
 		dp->scd_path = spa_strdup(spa_config_path);
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ spa_load_spares(spa_t *spa)
 	 * active configuration, then we also mark this vdev as an active spare.
 	 */
 	spa->spa_spares.sav_vdevs = kmem_zalloc(nspares * sizeof (void *),
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 	for (i = 0; i < spa->spa_spares.sav_count; i++) {
 		VERIFY(spa_config_parse(spa, &vd, spares[i], NULL, 0,
 		    VDEV_ALLOC_SPARE) == 0);
@@ -1428,7 +1428,7 @@ spa_load_spares(spa_t *spa)
 	    DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
 
 	spares = kmem_alloc(spa->spa_spares.sav_count * sizeof (void *),
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    KM_SLEEP);
 	for (i = 0; i < spa->spa_spares.sav_count; i++)
 		spares[i] = vdev_config_generate(spa,
 		    spa->spa_spares.sav_vdevs[i], B_TRUE, VDEV_CONFIG_SPARE);
@@ -1462,7 +1462,7 @@ spa_load_l2cache(spa_t *spa)
 	if (sav->sav_config != NULL) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(sav->sav_config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE, &l2cache, &nl2cache) == 0);
-		newvdevs = kmem_alloc(nl2cache * sizeof (void *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		newvdevs = kmem_alloc(nl2cache * sizeof (void *), KM_SLEEP);
 	} else {
 		nl2cache = 0;
 		newvdevs = NULL;
@@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ spa_load_l2cache(spa_t *spa)
 	VERIFY(nvlist_remove(sav->sav_config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
 	    DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
 
-	l2cache = kmem_alloc(sav->sav_count * sizeof (void *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	l2cache = kmem_alloc(sav->sav_count * sizeof (void *), KM_SLEEP);
 	for (i = 0; i < sav->sav_count; i++)
 		l2cache[i] = vdev_config_generate(spa,
 		    sav->sav_vdevs[i], B_TRUE, VDEV_CONFIG_L2CACHE);
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@ load_nvlist(spa_t *spa, uint64_t obj, nvlist_t **value)
 	nvsize = *(uint64_t *)db->db_data;
 	dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
 
-	packed = kmem_alloc(nvsize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	packed = kmem_alloc(nvsize, KM_SLEEP);
 	error = dmu_read(spa->spa_meta_objset, obj, 0, nvsize, packed,
 	    DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
 	if (error == 0)
@@ -1643,8 +1643,8 @@ spa_config_valid(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *config)
 		uint64_t idx = 0;
 
 		child = kmem_alloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (nvlist_t **),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
-		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nv, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
+		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nv, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 		for (c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
 			vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
@@ -2037,7 +2037,7 @@ spa_try_repair(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *config)
 	    &glist, &gcount) != 0)
 		return;
 
-	vd = kmem_zalloc(gcount * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vd = kmem_zalloc(gcount * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/* attempt to online all the vdevs & validate */
 	attempt_reopen = B_TRUE;
@@ -2123,7 +2123,7 @@ spa_load(spa_t *spa, spa_load_state_t state, spa_import_type_t type,
 		if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPLIT,
 		    &nvl) == 0) {
 			VERIFY(nvlist_dup(nvl, &spa->spa_config_splitting,
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+			    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		}
 
 		nvlist_free(spa->spa_load_info);
@@ -3010,7 +3010,7 @@ spa_open_common(const char *pool, spa_t **spapp, void *tag, nvlist_t *nvpolicy,
 			 */
 			if (config != NULL && spa->spa_config) {
 				VERIFY(nvlist_dup(spa->spa_config, config,
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+				    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 				VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist(*config,
 				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_LOAD_INFO,
 				    spa->spa_load_info) == 0);
@@ -3434,13 +3434,13 @@ spa_set_aux_vdevs(spa_aux_vdev_t *sav, nvlist_t **devs, int ndevs,
 		    &olddevs, &oldndevs) == 0);
 
 		newdevs = kmem_alloc(sizeof (void *) *
-		    (ndevs + oldndevs), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    (ndevs + oldndevs), KM_SLEEP);
 		for (i = 0; i < oldndevs; i++)
 			VERIFY(nvlist_dup(olddevs[i], &newdevs[i],
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+			    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		for (i = 0; i < ndevs; i++)
 			VERIFY(nvlist_dup(devs[i], &newdevs[i + oldndevs],
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+			    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 		VERIFY(nvlist_remove(sav->sav_config, config,
 		    DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
@@ -3455,7 +3455,7 @@ spa_set_aux_vdevs(spa_aux_vdev_t *sav, nvlist_t **devs, int ndevs,
 		 * Generate a new dev list.
 		 */
 		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&sav->sav_config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(sav->sav_config, config,
 		    devs, ndevs) == 0);
 	}
@@ -3610,7 +3610,7 @@ spa_create(const char *pool, nvlist_t *nvroot, nvlist_t *props,
 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
 	    &spares, &nspares) == 0) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_spares.sav_config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(spa->spa_spares.sav_config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES, spares, nspares) == 0);
 		spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_ALL, FTAG, RW_WRITER);
@@ -3625,7 +3625,7 @@ spa_create(const char *pool, nvlist_t *nvroot, nvlist_t *props,
 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
 	    &l2cache, &nl2cache) == 0) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_l2cache.sav_config,
-		    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(spa->spa_l2cache.sav_config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE, l2cache, nl2cache) == 0);
 		spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_ALL, FTAG, RW_WRITER);
@@ -3766,7 +3766,7 @@ spa_generate_rootconf(char *devpath, char *devid, uint64_t *guid)
 	/*
 	 * Put this pool's top-level vdevs into a root vdev.
 	 */
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvroot, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvroot, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 	    VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
 	VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ID, 0ULL) == 0);
@@ -4074,7 +4074,7 @@ spa_import(char *pool, nvlist_t *config, nvlist_t *props, uint64_t flags)
 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES, DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
 		else
 			VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_spares.sav_config,
-			    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+			    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(spa->spa_spares.sav_config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES, spares, nspares) == 0);
 		spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_ALL, FTAG, RW_WRITER);
@@ -4089,7 +4089,7 @@ spa_import(char *pool, nvlist_t *config, nvlist_t *props, uint64_t flags)
 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE, DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
 		else
 			VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_l2cache.sav_config,
-			    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+			    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(spa->spa_l2cache.sav_config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE, l2cache, nl2cache) == 0);
 		spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_ALL, FTAG, RW_WRITER);
@@ -4180,7 +4180,7 @@ spa_tryimport(nvlist_t *tryconfig)
 		 * pools are bootable.
 		 */
 		if ((!error || error == EEXIST) && spa->spa_bootfs) {
-			char *tmpname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			char *tmpname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
 
 			/*
 			 * We have to play games with the name since the
@@ -4191,7 +4191,7 @@ spa_tryimport(nvlist_t *tryconfig)
 				char *cp;
 				char *dsname;
 
-				dsname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+				dsname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
 
 				cp = strchr(tmpname, '/');
 				if (cp == NULL) {
@@ -4596,7 +4596,7 @@ spa_vdev_attach(spa_t *spa, uint64_t guid, nvlist_t *nvroot, int replacing)
 	if (strcmp(oldvd->vdev_path, newvd->vdev_path) == 0) {
 		spa_strfree(oldvd->vdev_path);
 		oldvd->vdev_path = kmem_alloc(strlen(newvd->vdev_path) + 5,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 		(void) sprintf(oldvd->vdev_path, "%s/%s",
 		    newvd->vdev_path, "old");
 		if (oldvd->vdev_devid != NULL) {
@@ -4992,8 +4992,8 @@ spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa_t *spa, char *newname, nvlist_t *config,
 	    nvlist_lookup_nvlist(nvl, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE, &tmp) == 0)
 		return (spa_vdev_exit(spa, NULL, txg, EINVAL));
 
-	vml = kmem_zalloc(children * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	glist = kmem_zalloc(children * sizeof (uint64_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vml = kmem_zalloc(children * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_SLEEP);
+	glist = kmem_zalloc(children * sizeof (uint64_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/* then, loop over each vdev and validate it */
 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
@@ -5073,7 +5073,7 @@ spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa_t *spa, char *newname, nvlist_t *config,
 	 * Temporarily record the splitting vdevs in the spa config.  This
 	 * will disappear once the config is regenerated.
 	 */
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64_array(nvl, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPLIT_LIST,
 	    glist, children) == 0);
 	kmem_free(glist, children * sizeof (uint64_t));
@@ -5120,7 +5120,7 @@ spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa_t *spa, char *newname, nvlist_t *config,
 	/* if that worked, generate a real config for the new pool */
 	if (newspa->spa_root_vdev != NULL) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&newspa->spa_config_splitting,
-		    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(newspa->spa_config_splitting,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPLIT_GUID, spa_guid(spa)) == 0);
 		spa_config_set(newspa, spa_config_generate(newspa, NULL, -1ULL,
@@ -5231,12 +5231,12 @@ spa_vdev_remove_aux(nvlist_t *config, char *name, nvlist_t **dev, int count,
 	int i, j;
 
 	if (count > 1)
-		newdev = kmem_alloc((count - 1) * sizeof (void *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		newdev = kmem_alloc((count - 1) * sizeof (void *), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		if (dev[i] == dev_to_remove)
 			continue;
-		VERIFY(nvlist_dup(dev[i], &newdev[j++], KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		VERIFY(nvlist_dup(dev[i], &newdev[j++], KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	}
 
 	VERIFY(nvlist_remove(config, name, DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY) == 0);
@@ -5910,10 +5910,10 @@ spa_sync_nvlist(spa_t *spa, uint64_t obj, nvlist_t *nv, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	 * saves us a pre-read to get data we don't actually care about.
 	 */
 	bufsize = P2ROUNDUP((uint64_t)nvsize, SPA_CONFIG_BLOCKSIZE);
-	packed = vmem_alloc(bufsize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	packed = vmem_alloc(bufsize, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	VERIFY(nvlist_pack(nv, &packed, &nvsize, NV_ENCODE_XDR,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	bzero(packed + nvsize, bufsize - nvsize);
 
 	dmu_write(spa->spa_meta_objset, obj, 0, bufsize, packed, tx);
@@ -5951,11 +5951,11 @@ spa_sync_aux_dev(spa_t *spa, spa_aux_vdev_t *sav, dmu_tx_t *tx,
 		    &sav->sav_object, tx) == 0);
 	}
 
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvroot, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvroot, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	if (sav->sav_count == 0) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(nvroot, config, NULL, 0) == 0);
 	} else {
-		list = kmem_alloc(sav->sav_count*sizeof (void *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		list = kmem_alloc(sav->sav_count*sizeof (void *), KM_SLEEP);
 		for (i = 0; i < sav->sav_count; i++)
 			list[i] = vdev_config_generate(spa, sav->sav_vdevs[i],
 			    B_FALSE, VDEV_CONFIG_L2CACHE);
@@ -6283,7 +6283,7 @@ spa_sync(spa_t *spa, uint64_t txg)
 	spa->spa_sync_starttime = gethrtime();
 	taskq_cancel_id(system_taskq, spa->spa_deadman_tqid);
 	spa->spa_deadman_tqid = taskq_dispatch_delay(system_taskq,
-	    spa_deadman, spa, TQ_PUSHPAGE, ddi_get_lbolt() +
+	    spa_deadman, spa, TQ_SLEEP, ddi_get_lbolt() +
 	    NSEC_TO_TICK(spa->spa_deadman_synctime));
 
 	/*
diff --git a/module/zfs/spa_config.c b/module/zfs/spa_config.c
index 818a4308f116..ed2344cf39de 100644
--- a/module/zfs/spa_config.c
+++ b/module/zfs/spa_config.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ spa_config_load(void)
 	/*
 	 * Open the configuration file.
 	 */
-	pathname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	pathname = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	(void) snprintf(pathname, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
 	    (rootdir != NULL) ? "./" : "", spa_config_path);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ spa_config_load(void)
 	if (kobj_get_filesize(file, &fsize) != 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	buf = kmem_alloc(fsize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	buf = kmem_alloc(fsize, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * Read the nvlist from the file.
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ spa_config_load(void)
 	/*
 	 * Unpack the nvlist.
 	 */
-	if (nvlist_unpack(buf, fsize, &nvlist, KM_PUSHPAGE) != 0)
+	if (nvlist_unpack(buf, fsize, &nvlist, KM_SLEEP) != 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	/*
@@ -165,11 +165,11 @@ spa_config_write(spa_config_dirent_t *dp, nvlist_t *nvl)
 	 */
 	VERIFY(nvlist_size(nvl, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR) == 0);
 
-	buf = kmem_alloc(buflen, KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	temp = kmem_zalloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	buf = kmem_alloc(buflen, KM_SLEEP);
+	temp = kmem_zalloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	VERIFY(nvlist_pack(nvl, &buf, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write the configuration to disk.  We need to do the traditional
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ spa_config_sync(spa_t *target, boolean_t removing, boolean_t postsysevent)
 
 			if (nvl == NULL)
 				VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-				    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+				    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 			if (spa->spa_import_flags & ZFS_IMPORT_TEMP_NAME) {
 				VERIFY0(nvlist_lookup_string(spa->spa_config,
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ spa_all_configs(uint64_t *generation)
 	if (*generation == spa_config_generation)
 		return (NULL);
 
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&pools, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&pools, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 	mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
 	while ((spa = spa_next(spa)) != NULL) {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ spa_config_generate(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, uint64_t txg, int getstats)
 	} else
 		pool_name = spa_name(spa);
 
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 	VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION,
 	    spa_version(spa)) == 0);
@@ -463,21 +463,21 @@ spa_config_generate(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, uint64_t txg, int getstats)
 		ddt_stat_t *dds;
 		ddt_object_t *ddo;
 
-		ddh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_histogram_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		ddh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_histogram_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		ddt_get_dedup_histogram(spa, ddh);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64_array(config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_DDT_HISTOGRAM,
 		    (uint64_t *)ddh, sizeof (*ddh) / sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0);
 		kmem_free(ddh, sizeof (ddt_histogram_t));
 
-		ddo = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_object_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		ddo = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_object_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		ddt_get_dedup_object_stats(spa, ddo);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64_array(config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_DDT_OBJ_STATS,
 		    (uint64_t *)ddo, sizeof (*ddo) / sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0);
 		kmem_free(ddo, sizeof (ddt_object_t));
 
-		dds = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_stat_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		dds = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (ddt_stat_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		ddt_get_dedup_stats(spa, dds);
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64_array(config,
 		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_DDT_STATS,
diff --git a/module/zfs/spa_history.c b/module/zfs/spa_history.c
index 1c434197d898..950bf98e2563 100644
--- a/module/zfs/spa_history.c
+++ b/module/zfs/spa_history.c
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ spa_history_log_sync(void *arg, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	}
 
 	VERIFY3U(nvlist_pack(nvl, &record_packed, &reclen, NV_ENCODE_NATIVE,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE), ==, 0);
+	    KM_SLEEP), ==, 0);
 
 	mutex_enter(&spa->spa_history_lock);
 
@@ -289,9 +289,7 @@ int
 spa_history_log(spa_t *spa, const char *msg)
 {
 	int err;
-	nvlist_t *nvl;
-
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	nvlist_t *nvl = fnvlist_alloc();
 
 	fnvlist_add_string(nvl, ZPOOL_HIST_CMD, msg);
 	err = spa_history_log_nvl(spa, nvl);
@@ -316,7 +314,7 @@ spa_history_log_nvl(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *nvl)
 		return (err);
 	}
 
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_dup(nvl, &nvarg, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+	VERIFY0(nvlist_dup(nvl, &nvarg, KM_SLEEP));
 	if (spa_history_zone() != NULL) {
 		fnvlist_add_string(nvarg, ZPOOL_HIST_ZONE,
 		    spa_history_zone());
@@ -453,7 +451,7 @@ log_internal(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *operation, spa_t *spa,
 
 	va_copy(adx1, adx);
 	size = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, adx1) + 1;
-	msg = kmem_alloc(size, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	msg = kmem_alloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
 	va_end(adx1);
 	va_copy(adx1, adx);
 	(void) vsprintf(msg, fmt, adx1);
@@ -479,7 +477,6 @@ spa_history_log_internal(spa_t *spa, const char *operation,
 {
 	dmu_tx_t *htx = tx;
 	va_list adx;
-	nvlist_t *nvl;
 
 	/* create a tx if we didn't get one */
 	if (tx == NULL) {
@@ -491,8 +488,7 @@ spa_history_log_internal(spa_t *spa, const char *operation,
 	}
 
 	va_start(adx, fmt);
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
-	log_internal(nvl, operation, spa, htx, fmt, adx);
+	log_internal(fnvlist_alloc(), operation, spa, htx, fmt, adx);
 	va_end(adx);
 
 	/* if we didn't get a tx from the caller, commit the one we made */
@@ -506,12 +502,11 @@ spa_history_log_internal_ds(dsl_dataset_t *ds, const char *operation,
 {
 	va_list adx;
 	char namebuf[MAXNAMELEN];
-	nvlist_t *nvl;
+	nvlist_t *nvl = fnvlist_alloc();
 
 	ASSERT(tx != NULL);
 
 	dsl_dataset_name(ds, namebuf);
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
 	fnvlist_add_string(nvl, ZPOOL_HIST_DSNAME, namebuf);
 	fnvlist_add_uint64(nvl, ZPOOL_HIST_DSID, ds->ds_object);
 
@@ -526,12 +521,11 @@ spa_history_log_internal_dd(dsl_dir_t *dd, const char *operation,
 {
 	va_list adx;
 	char namebuf[MAXNAMELEN];
-	nvlist_t *nvl;
+	nvlist_t *nvl = fnvlist_alloc();
 
 	ASSERT(tx != NULL);
 
 	dsl_dir_name(dd, namebuf);
-	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&nvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
 	fnvlist_add_string(nvl, ZPOOL_HIST_DSNAME, namebuf);
 	fnvlist_add_uint64(nvl, ZPOOL_HIST_DSID,
 	    dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj);
diff --git a/module/zfs/spa_misc.c b/module/zfs/spa_misc.c
index 363f982febfa..ce6f02dc4b1a 100644
--- a/module/zfs/spa_misc.c
+++ b/module/zfs/spa_misc.c
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ spa_deadman(void *arg)
 		vdev_deadman(spa->spa_root_vdev);
 
 	spa->spa_deadman_tqid = taskq_dispatch_delay(system_taskq,
-	    spa_deadman, spa, TQ_PUSHPAGE, ddi_get_lbolt() +
+	    spa_deadman, spa, KM_SLEEP, ddi_get_lbolt() +
 	    NSEC_TO_TICK(spa->spa_deadman_synctime));
 }
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ spa_add(const char *name, nvlist_t *config, const char *altroot)
 
 	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&spa_namespace_lock));
 
-	spa = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	spa = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	mutex_init(&spa->spa_async_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	mutex_init(&spa->spa_errlist_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
@@ -570,12 +570,12 @@ spa_add(const char *name, nvlist_t *config, const char *altroot)
 	list_create(&spa->spa_config_list, sizeof (spa_config_dirent_t),
 	    offsetof(spa_config_dirent_t, scd_link));
 
-	dp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_config_dirent_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	dp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_config_dirent_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	dp->scd_path = altroot ? NULL : spa_strdup(spa_config_path);
 	list_insert_head(&spa->spa_config_list, dp);
 
 	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_load_info, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-	    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 	if (config != NULL) {
 		nvlist_t *features;
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ spa_add(const char *name, nvlist_t *config, const char *altroot)
 
 	if (spa->spa_label_features == NULL) {
 		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&spa->spa_label_features, NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		    KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 	}
 
 	spa->spa_debug = ((zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_SPA) != 0);
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ spa_aux_add(vdev_t *vd, avl_tree_t *avl)
 	if ((aux = avl_find(avl, &search, &where)) != NULL) {
 		aux->aux_count++;
 	} else {
-		aux = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_aux_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		aux = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_aux_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		aux->aux_guid = vd->vdev_guid;
 		aux->aux_count = 1;
 		avl_insert(avl, aux, where);
@@ -1280,7 +1280,7 @@ spa_strdup(const char *s)
 	char *new;
 
 	len = strlen(s);
-	new = kmem_alloc(len + 1, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	new = kmem_alloc(len + 1, KM_SLEEP);
 	bcopy(s, new, len);
 	new[len] = '\0';
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/spa_stats.c b/module/zfs/spa_stats.c
index 7c97ba105d9b..3e39dba2c2e6 100644
--- a/module/zfs/spa_stats.c
+++ b/module/zfs/spa_stats.c
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ spa_read_history_add(spa_t *spa, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb, uint32_t aflags)
 	if (zfs_read_history_hits == 0 && (aflags & ARC_CACHED))
 		return;
 
-	srh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_read_history_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	srh = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_read_history_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	strlcpy(srh->comm, getcomm(), sizeof (srh->comm));
 	srh->start  = gethrtime();
 	srh->objset = zb->zb_objset;
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ spa_txg_history_add(spa_t *spa, uint64_t txg, hrtime_t birth_time)
 	if (zfs_txg_history == 0 && ssh->size == 0)
 		return;
 
-	sth = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_txg_history_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sth = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (spa_txg_history_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	sth->txg = txg;
 	sth->state = TXG_STATE_OPEN;
 	sth->times[TXG_STATE_BIRTH] = birth_time;
diff --git a/module/zfs/space_map.c b/module/zfs/space_map.c
index fc0df756e6aa..b3aa469bf45b 100644
--- a/module/zfs/space_map.c
+++ b/module/zfs/space_map.c
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ space_map_open(space_map_t **smp, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
 	ASSERT(os != NULL);
 	ASSERT(object != 0);
 
-	sm = kmem_alloc(sizeof (space_map_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sm = kmem_alloc(sizeof (space_map_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	sm->sm_start = start;
 	sm->sm_size = size;
diff --git a/module/zfs/space_reftree.c b/module/zfs/space_reftree.c
index d20281e16061..a508092c530e 100644
--- a/module/zfs/space_reftree.c
+++ b/module/zfs/space_reftree.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ space_reftree_add_node(avl_tree_t *t, uint64_t offset, int64_t refcnt)
 {
 	space_ref_t *sr;
 
-	sr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*sr), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sr = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*sr), KM_SLEEP);
 	sr->sr_offset = offset;
 	sr->sr_refcnt = refcnt;
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/txg.c b/module/zfs/txg.c
index 81afeb373a49..2977bf9f3404 100644
--- a/module/zfs/txg.c
+++ b/module/zfs/txg.c
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ txg_dispatch_callbacks(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t txg)
 			    TASKQ_THREADS_CPU_PCT | TASKQ_PREPOPULATE);
 		}
 
-		cb_list = kmem_alloc(sizeof (list_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		cb_list = kmem_alloc(sizeof (list_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		list_create(cb_list, sizeof (dmu_tx_callback_t),
 		    offsetof(dmu_tx_callback_t, dcb_node));
 
@@ -486,8 +486,8 @@ txg_sync_thread(dsl_pool_t *dp)
 	(void) spl_fstrans_mark();
 	txg_thread_enter(tx, &cpr);
 
-	vs1 = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_stat_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
-	vs2 = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_stat_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vs1 = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_stat_t), KM_SLEEP);
+	vs2 = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_stat_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	start = delta = 0;
 	for (;;) {
diff --git a/module/zfs/unique.c b/module/zfs/unique.c
index 5c7ca48759b0..8c1d2e2f9856 100644
--- a/module/zfs/unique.c
+++ b/module/zfs/unique.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ uint64_t
 unique_insert(uint64_t value)
 {
 	avl_index_t idx;
-	unique_t *un = kmem_alloc(sizeof (unique_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	unique_t *un = kmem_alloc(sizeof (unique_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	un->un_value = value;
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev.c b/module/zfs/vdev.c
index 18a246c333db..52198261e434 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev.c
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ vdev_add_child(vdev_t *pvd, vdev_t *cvd)
 	pvd->vdev_children = MAX(pvd->vdev_children, id + 1);
 	newsize = pvd->vdev_children * sizeof (vdev_t *);
 
-	newchild = kmem_alloc(newsize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	newchild = kmem_alloc(newsize, KM_SLEEP);
 	if (pvd->vdev_child != NULL) {
 		bcopy(pvd->vdev_child, newchild, oldsize);
 		kmem_free(pvd->vdev_child, oldsize);
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ vdev_compact_children(vdev_t *pvd)
 		if (pvd->vdev_child[c])
 			newc++;
 
-	newchild = kmem_zalloc(newc * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	newchild = kmem_zalloc(newc * sizeof (vdev_t *), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (c = newc = 0; c < oldc; c++) {
 		if ((cvd = pvd->vdev_child[c]) != NULL) {
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ vdev_alloc_common(spa_t *spa, uint_t id, uint64_t guid, vdev_ops_t *ops)
 	vdev_t *vd;
 	int t;
 
-	vd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (spa->spa_root_vdev == NULL) {
 		ASSERT(ops == &vdev_root_ops);
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ vdev_metaslab_init(vdev_t *vd, uint64_t txg)
 
 	ASSERT(oldc <= newc);
 
-	mspp = kmem_zalloc(newc * sizeof (*mspp), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	mspp = kmem_zalloc(newc * sizeof (*mspp), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (oldc != 0) {
 		bcopy(vd->vdev_ms, mspp, oldc * sizeof (*mspp));
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ vdev_probe(vdev_t *vd, zio_t *zio)
 	mutex_enter(&vd->vdev_probe_lock);
 
 	if ((pio = vd->vdev_probe_zio) == NULL) {
-		vps = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*vps), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		vps = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*vps), KM_SLEEP);
 
 		vps->vps_flags = ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_PROBE |
 		    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_CACHE | ZIO_FLAG_DONT_AGGREGATE |
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_cache.c b/module/zfs/vdev_cache.c
index e4ce3eaef082..389fa6fd9d07 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_cache.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_cache.c
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ vdev_cache_allocate(zio_t *zio)
 		vdev_cache_evict(vc, ve);
 	}
 
-	ve = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_cache_entry_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ve = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_cache_entry_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	ve->ve_offset = offset;
 	ve->ve_lastused = ddi_get_lbolt();
 	ve->ve_data = zio_buf_alloc(VCBS);
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ vdev_cache_read(zio_t *zio)
 
 	mutex_enter(&vc->vc_lock);
 
-	ve_search = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_cache_entry_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ve_search = kmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_cache_entry_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	ve_search->ve_offset = cache_offset;
 	ve = avl_find(&vc->vc_offset_tree, ve_search, NULL);
 	kmem_free(ve_search, sizeof (vdev_cache_entry_t));
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_disk.c b/module/zfs/vdev_disk.c
index f290fce52718..7f2263457177 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_disk.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_disk.c
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ vdev_disk_open(vdev_t *v, uint64_t *psize, uint64_t *max_psize,
 		goto skip_open;
 	}
 
-	vd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_disk_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_disk_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	if (vd == NULL)
 		return (ENOMEM);
 
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ vdev_disk_dio_alloc(int bio_count)
 	int i;
 
 	dr = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dio_request_t) +
-	    sizeof (struct bio *) * bio_count, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	    sizeof (struct bio *) * bio_count, KM_SLEEP);
 	if (dr) {
 		init_completion(&dr->dr_comp);
 		atomic_set(&dr->dr_ref, 0);
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ vdev_disk_read_rootlabel(char *devpath, char *devid, nvlist_t **config)
 	}
 
 	size = P2ALIGN_TYPED(s, sizeof (vdev_label_t), uint64_t);
-	label = vmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_label_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	label = vmem_alloc(sizeof (vdev_label_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < VDEV_LABELS; i++) {
 		uint64_t offset, state, txg = 0;
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_file.c b/module/zfs/vdev_file.c
index 8573a3a6631b..7f43ad8001f4 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_file.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_file.c
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ vdev_file_open(vdev_t *vd, uint64_t *psize, uint64_t *max_psize,
 		goto skip_open;
 	}
 
-	vf = vd->vdev_tsd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_file_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	vf = vd->vdev_tsd = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vdev_file_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * We always open the files from the root of the global zone, even if
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ vdev_file_io_start(zio_t *zio)
 	}
 
 	VERIFY3U(taskq_dispatch(vdev_file_taskq, vdev_file_io_strategy, zio,
-	    TQ_PUSHPAGE), !=, 0);
+	    TQ_SLEEP), !=, 0);
 
 	return (ZIO_PIPELINE_STOP);
 }
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_label.c b/module/zfs/vdev_label.c
index 1c2f00fe2afd..7f588ed6b0b5 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_label.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_label.c
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ vdev_config_generate(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, boolean_t getstats,
 {
 	nvlist_t *nv = NULL;
 
-	VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&nv, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+	nv = fnvlist_alloc();
 
 	fnvlist_add_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type);
 	if (!(flags & (VDEV_CONFIG_SPARE | VDEV_CONFIG_L2CACHE)))
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ vdev_config_generate(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, boolean_t getstats,
 		ASSERT(!vd->vdev_ishole);
 
 		child = kmem_alloc(vd->vdev_children * sizeof (nvlist_t *),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 
 		for (c = 0, idx = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
 			vdev_t *cvd = vd->vdev_child[c];
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ vdev_top_config_generate(spa_t *spa, nvlist_t *config)
 	uint64_t *array;
 	uint_t c, idx;
 
-	array = kmem_alloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (uint64_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	array = kmem_alloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (uint64_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (c = 0, idx = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
 		vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ vdev_label_init(vdev_t *vd, uint64_t crtxg, vdev_labeltype_t reason)
 		 * active hot spare (in which case we want to revert the
 		 * labels).
 		 */
-		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&label, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&label, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(label, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION,
 		    spa_version(spa)) == 0);
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ vdev_label_init(vdev_t *vd, uint64_t crtxg, vdev_labeltype_t reason)
 		/*
 		 * For level 2 ARC devices, add a special label.
 		 */
-		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&label, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE) == 0);
+		VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&label, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_SLEEP) == 0);
 
 		VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(label, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION,
 		    spa_version(spa)) == 0);
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ vdev_label_init(vdev_t *vd, uint64_t crtxg, vdev_labeltype_t reason)
 	buf = vp->vp_nvlist;
 	buflen = sizeof (vp->vp_nvlist);
 
-	error = nvlist_pack(label, &buf, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	error = nvlist_pack(label, &buf, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR, KM_SLEEP);
 	if (error != 0) {
 		nvlist_free(label);
 		zio_buf_free(vp, sizeof (vdev_phys_t));
@@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ vdev_label_sync(zio_t *zio, vdev_t *vd, int l, uint64_t txg, int flags)
 	buf = vp->vp_nvlist;
 	buflen = sizeof (vp->vp_nvlist);
 
-	if (!nvlist_pack(label, &buf, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR, KM_PUSHPAGE)) {
+	if (!nvlist_pack(label, &buf, &buflen, NV_ENCODE_XDR, KM_SLEEP)) {
 		for (; l < VDEV_LABELS; l += 2) {
 			vdev_label_write(zio, vd, l, vp,
 			    offsetof(vdev_label_t, vl_vdev_phys),
@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ vdev_label_sync_list(spa_t *spa, int l, uint64_t txg, int flags)
 
 		ASSERT(!vd->vdev_ishole);
 
-		good_writes = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint64_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		good_writes = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint64_t), KM_SLEEP);
 		vio = zio_null(zio, spa, NULL,
 		    (vd->vdev_islog || vd->vdev_aux != NULL) ?
 		    vdev_label_sync_ignore_done : vdev_label_sync_top_done,
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_mirror.c b/module/zfs/vdev_mirror.c
index 17417a0fa832..77c3d8d385e9 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_mirror.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_mirror.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ vdev_mirror_map_alloc(zio_t *zio)
 		c = BP_GET_NDVAS(zio->io_bp);
 
 		mm = kmem_zalloc(offsetof(mirror_map_t, mm_child[c]),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 		mm->mm_children = c;
 		mm->mm_replacing = B_FALSE;
 		mm->mm_preferred = spa_get_random(c);
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ vdev_mirror_map_alloc(zio_t *zio)
 		c = vd->vdev_children;
 
 		mm = kmem_zalloc(offsetof(mirror_map_t, mm_child[c]),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 		mm->mm_children = c;
 		mm->mm_replacing = (vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_replacing_ops ||
 		    vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_spare_ops);
diff --git a/module/zfs/vdev_raidz.c b/module/zfs/vdev_raidz.c
index 4cd21df8938d..493b332c4405 100644
--- a/module/zfs/vdev_raidz.c
+++ b/module/zfs/vdev_raidz.c
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ vdev_raidz_map_alloc(zio_t *zio, uint64_t unit_shift, uint64_t dcols,
 
 	ASSERT3U(acols, <=, scols);
 
-	rm = kmem_alloc(offsetof(raidz_map_t, rm_col[scols]), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rm = kmem_alloc(offsetof(raidz_map_t, rm_col[scols]), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	rm->rm_cols = acols;
 	rm->rm_scols = scols;
@@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@ vdev_raidz_matrix_reconstruct(raidz_map_t *rm, int n, int nmissing,
 	size_t psize;
 
 	psize = sizeof (invlog[0][0]) * n * nmissing;
-	p = kmem_alloc(psize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	p = kmem_alloc(psize, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (pp = p, i = 0; i < nmissing; i++) {
 		invlog[i] = pp;
@@ -1344,7 +1344,7 @@ vdev_raidz_reconstruct_general(raidz_map_t *rm, int *tgts, int ntgts)
 
 	psize = (sizeof (rows[0][0]) + sizeof (invrows[0][0])) *
 	    nmissing_rows * n + sizeof (used[0]) * n;
-	p = kmem_alloc(psize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	p = kmem_alloc(psize, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	for (pp = p, i = 0; i < nmissing_rows; i++) {
 		rows[i] = pp;
diff --git a/module/zfs/zap.c b/module/zfs/zap.c
index 4ee75b6d9229..5ffa138a6b4b 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zap.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zap.c
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fzap_upgrade(zap_t *zap, dmu_tx_t *tx, zap_flags_t flags)
 	    1<<FZAP_BLOCK_SHIFT(zap), FTAG, &db, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
 	dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
 
-	l = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	l = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	l->l_dbuf = db;
 	l->l_phys = db->db_data;
 
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ static zap_leaf_t *
 zap_create_leaf(zap_t *zap, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
 	void *winner;
-	zap_leaf_t *l = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zap_leaf_t *l = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ zap_open_leaf(uint64_t blkid, dmu_buf_t *db)
 
 	ASSERT(blkid != 0);
 
-	l = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	l = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_leaf_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	rw_init(&l->l_rwlock, NULL, RW_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	rw_enter(&l->l_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
 	l->l_blkid = blkid;
@@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ zap_value_search(objset_t *os, uint64_t zapobj, uint64_t value, uint64_t mask,
 	if (mask == 0)
 		mask = -1ULL;
 
-	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	za = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_attribute_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, zapobj);
 	    (err = zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, za)) == 0;
 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
diff --git a/module/zfs/zap_leaf.c b/module/zfs/zap_leaf.c
index 0e30ef319bd0..78f05d7a7e37 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zap_leaf.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zap_leaf.c
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ zap_leaf_array_match(zap_leaf_t *l, zap_name_t *zn,
 
 		ASSERT(zn->zn_key_intlen == sizeof (*thiskey));
 		thiskey = kmem_alloc(array_numints * sizeof (*thiskey),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 
 		zap_leaf_array_read(l, chunk, sizeof (*thiskey), array_numints,
 		    sizeof (*thiskey), array_numints, thiskey);
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ zap_leaf_array_match(zap_leaf_t *l, zap_name_t *zn,
 
 	ASSERT(zn->zn_key_intlen == 1);
 	if (zn->zn_matchtype == MT_FIRST) {
-		char *thisname = kmem_alloc(array_numints, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		char *thisname = kmem_alloc(array_numints, KM_SLEEP);
 		boolean_t match;
 
 		zap_leaf_array_read(l, chunk, sizeof (char), array_numints,
diff --git a/module/zfs/zap_micro.c b/module/zfs/zap_micro.c
index 5d812bdd91b5..0c2e76319772 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zap_micro.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zap_micro.c
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ zap_name_free(zap_name_t *zn)
 zap_name_t *
 zap_name_alloc(zap_t *zap, const char *key, matchtype_t mt)
 {
-	zap_name_t *zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_name_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zap_name_t *zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_name_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	zn->zn_zap = zap;
 	zn->zn_key_intlen = sizeof (*key);
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ zap_name_alloc(zap_t *zap, const char *key, matchtype_t mt)
 zap_name_t *
 zap_name_alloc_uint64(zap_t *zap, const uint64_t *key, int numints)
 {
-	zap_name_t *zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_name_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zap_name_t *zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zap_name_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	ASSERT(zap->zap_normflags == 0);
 	zn->zn_zap = zap;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ mze_insert(zap_t *zap, int chunkid, uint64_t hash)
 	ASSERT(zap->zap_ismicro);
 	ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
 
-	mze = kmem_alloc(sizeof (mzap_ent_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	mze = kmem_alloc(sizeof (mzap_ent_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	mze->mze_chunkid = chunkid;
 	mze->mze_hash = hash;
 	mze->mze_cd = MZE_PHYS(zap, mze)->mze_cd;
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ mzap_open(objset_t *os, uint64_t obj, dmu_buf_t *db)
 
 	ASSERT3U(MZAP_ENT_LEN, ==, sizeof (mzap_ent_phys_t));
 
-	zap = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zap_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zap = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zap_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	rw_init(&zap->zap_rwlock, NULL, RW_DEFAULT, NULL);
 	rw_enter(&zap->zap_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
 	zap->zap_objset = os;
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_acl.c b/module/zfs/zfs_acl.c
index 7357bfa5c263..a208dea15e5a 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_acl.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_acl.c
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ zfs_acl_alloc(int vers)
 {
 	zfs_acl_t *aclp;
 
-	aclp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_acl_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	aclp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_acl_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	list_create(&aclp->z_acl, sizeof (zfs_acl_node_t),
 	    offsetof(zfs_acl_node_t, z_next));
 	aclp->z_version = vers;
@@ -470,9 +470,9 @@ zfs_acl_node_alloc(size_t bytes)
 {
 	zfs_acl_node_t *aclnode;
 
-	aclnode = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_acl_node_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	aclnode = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_acl_node_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	if (bytes) {
-		aclnode->z_acldata = kmem_alloc(bytes, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		aclnode->z_acldata = kmem_alloc(bytes, KM_SLEEP);
 		aclnode->z_allocdata = aclnode->z_acldata;
 		aclnode->z_allocsize = bytes;
 		aclnode->z_size = bytes;
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_debug.c b/module/zfs/zfs_debug.c
index e1675c818a7d..e835397e9453 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_debug.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_debug.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ zfs_dbgmsg(const char *fmt, ...)
 	 * There is one byte of string in sizeof (zfs_dbgmsg_t), used
 	 * for the terminating null.
 	 */
-	zdm = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_dbgmsg_t) + size, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zdm = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_dbgmsg_t) + size, KM_SLEEP);
 	zdm->zdm_timestamp = gethrestime_sec();
 
 	va_start(adx, fmt);
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_fm.c b/module/zfs/zfs_fm.c
index fb65ec6a6525..7e9c473d3ea4 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_fm.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_fm.c
@@ -321,9 +321,9 @@ zfs_ereport_start(nvlist_t **ereport_out, nvlist_t **detector_out,
 
 		spare_count = spa->spa_spares.sav_count;
 		spare_paths = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (char *) * spare_count,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 		spare_guids = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (uint64_t) * spare_count,
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < spare_count; i++) {
 			spare_vd = spa->spa_spares.sav_vdevs[i];
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ annotate_ecksum(nvlist_t *ereport, zio_bad_cksum_t *info,
 	size_t offset = 0;
 	ssize_t start = -1;
 
-	zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*eip), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*eip), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/* don't do any annotation for injected checksum errors */
 	if (info != NULL && info->zbc_injected)
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ zfs_ereport_start_checksum(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd,
     struct zio *zio, uint64_t offset, uint64_t length, void *arg,
     zio_bad_cksum_t *info)
 {
-	zio_cksum_report_t *report = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*report), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zio_cksum_report_t *report = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*report), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (zio->io_vsd != NULL)
 		zio->io_vsd_ops->vsd_cksum_report(zio, report, arg);
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ zfs_ereport_start_checksum(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd,
 
 	/* copy the checksum failure information if it was provided */
 	if (info != NULL) {
-		report->zcr_ckinfo = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*info), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		report->zcr_ckinfo = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*info), KM_SLEEP);
 		bcopy(info, report->zcr_ckinfo, sizeof (*info));
 	}
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_ioctl.c b/module/zfs/zfs_ioctl.c
index 7d443ecf1854..5b9c8f17b846 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_ioctl.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_ioctl.c
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ __dprintf(const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	const char *newfile;
 	size_t size = 4096;
-	char *buf = kmem_alloc(size, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	char *buf = kmem_alloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
 	char *nl;
 	va_list adx;
 
@@ -5827,7 +5827,7 @@ zfsdev_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
 			}
 		}
 
-		VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&outnvl, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, KM_PUSHPAGE));
+		outnvl = fnvlist_alloc();
 		error = vec->zvec_func(zc->zc_name, innvl, outnvl);
 
 		if (error == 0 && vec->zvec_allow_log &&
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_onexit.c b/module/zfs/zfs_onexit.c
index 2b286e71f078..18a0671a86f6 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_onexit.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_onexit.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ zfs_onexit_add_cb(minor_t minor, void (*func)(void *), void *data,
 	if (error)
 		return (error);
 
-	ap = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_onexit_action_node_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	ap = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zfs_onexit_action_node_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	list_link_init(&ap->za_link);
 	ap->za_func = func;
 	ap->za_data = data;
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_rlock.c b/module/zfs/zfs_rlock.c
index 2533ced64f86..5064eb796b79 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_rlock.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_rlock.c
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ zfs_range_proxify(avl_tree_t *tree, rl_t *rl)
 	rl->r_cnt = 0;
 
 	/* create a proxy range lock */
-	proxy = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	proxy = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	proxy->r_off = rl->r_off;
 	proxy->r_len = rl->r_len;
 	proxy->r_cnt = 1;
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ zfs_range_split(avl_tree_t *tree, rl_t *rl, uint64_t off)
 	ASSERT(rl->r_read_wanted == B_FALSE);
 
 	/* create the rear proxy range lock */
-	rear = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rear = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	rear->r_off = off;
 	rear->r_len = rl->r_off + rl->r_len - off;
 	rear->r_cnt = rl->r_cnt;
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ zfs_range_new_proxy(avl_tree_t *tree, uint64_t off, uint64_t len)
 	rl_t *rl;
 
 	ASSERT(len);
-	rl = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rl = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	rl->r_off = off;
 	rl->r_len = len;
 	rl->r_cnt = 1;
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ zfs_range_lock(znode_t *zp, uint64_t off, uint64_t len, rl_type_t type)
 
 	ASSERT(type == RL_READER || type == RL_WRITER || type == RL_APPEND);
 
-	new = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	new = kmem_alloc(sizeof (rl_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	new->r_zp = zp;
 	new->r_off = off;
 	if (len + off < off)	/* overflow */
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_vnops.c b/module/zfs/zfs_vnops.c
index 33cdbb3f54ca..723d6210f26f 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_vnops.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_vnops.c
@@ -922,7 +922,7 @@ zfs_iput_async(struct inode *ip)
 
 	if (atomic_read(&ip->i_count) == 1)
 		taskq_dispatch(dsl_pool_iput_taskq(dmu_objset_pool(os)),
-		    (task_func_t *)iput, ip, TQ_PUSHPAGE);
+		    (task_func_t *)iput, ip, TQ_SLEEP);
 	else
 		iput(ip);
 }
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ zfs_get_data(void *arg, lr_write_t *lr, char *buf, zio_t *zio)
 		return (SET_ERROR(ENOENT));
 	}
 
-	zgd = (zgd_t *)kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zgd_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zgd = (zgd_t *)kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zgd_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	zgd->zgd_zilog = zsb->z_log;
 	zgd->zgd_private = zp;
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/zfs_znode.c b/module/zfs/zfs_znode.c
index b51d780375c4..3a7c30db2cfa 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zfs_znode.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zfs_znode.c
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ zfs_create_share_dir(zfs_sb_t *zsb, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	vattr.va_uid = crgetuid(kcred);
 	vattr.va_gid = crgetgid(kcred);
 
-	sharezp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sharezp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	sharezp->z_moved = 0;
 	sharezp->z_unlinked = 0;
 	sharezp->z_atime_dirty = 0;
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ zfs_inode_alloc(struct super_block *sb, struct inode **ip)
 {
 	znode_t *zp;
 
-	zp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	*ip = ZTOI(zp);
 
 	return (0);
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ zfs_mknode(znode_t *dzp, vattr_t *vap, dmu_tx_t *tx, cred_t *cr,
 	 * order for  DMU_OT_ZNODE is critical since it needs to be constructed
 	 * in the old znode_phys_t format.  Don't change this ordering
 	 */
-	sa_attrs = kmem_alloc(sizeof (sa_bulk_attr_t) * ZPL_END, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sa_attrs = kmem_alloc(sizeof (sa_bulk_attr_t) * ZPL_END, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (obj_type == DMU_OT_ZNODE) {
 		SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(sa_attrs, cnt, SA_ZPL_ATIME(zsb),
@@ -1696,13 +1696,13 @@ zfs_create_fs(objset_t *os, cred_t *cr, nvlist_t *zplprops, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	vattr.va_uid = crgetuid(cr);
 	vattr.va_gid = crgetgid(cr);
 
-	rootzp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	rootzp = kmem_cache_alloc(znode_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	rootzp->z_moved = 0;
 	rootzp->z_unlinked = 0;
 	rootzp->z_atime_dirty = 0;
 	rootzp->z_is_sa = USE_SA(version, os);
 
-	zsb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_sb_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zsb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_sb_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	zsb->z_os = os;
 	zsb->z_parent = zsb;
 	zsb->z_version = version;
@@ -1710,7 +1710,7 @@ zfs_create_fs(objset_t *os, cred_t *cr, nvlist_t *zplprops, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 	zsb->z_use_sa = USE_SA(version, os);
 	zsb->z_norm = norm;
 
-	sb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct super_block), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	sb = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct super_block), KM_SLEEP);
 	sb->s_fs_info = zsb;
 
 	ZTOI(rootzp)->i_sb = sb;
diff --git a/module/zfs/zil.c b/module/zfs/zil.c
index 1d8e7cb4d151..9bf8c5e5d127 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zil.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zil.c
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ zil_bp_tree_add(zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp)
 	if (avl_find(t, dva, &where) != NULL)
 		return (SET_ERROR(EEXIST));
 
-	zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zil_bp_node_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zn = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zil_bp_node_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	zn->zn_dva = *dva;
 	avl_insert(t, zn, where);
 
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ zil_alloc_lwb(zilog_t *zilog, blkptr_t *bp, uint64_t txg, boolean_t fastwrite)
 {
 	lwb_t *lwb;
 
-	lwb = kmem_cache_alloc(zil_lwb_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	lwb = kmem_cache_alloc(zil_lwb_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	lwb->lwb_zilog = zilog;
 	lwb->lwb_blk = *bp;
 	lwb->lwb_fastwrite = fastwrite;
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ zil_add_block(zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp)
 	for (i = 0; i < ndvas; i++) {
 		zvsearch.zv_vdev = DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[i]);
 		if (avl_find(t, &zvsearch, &where) == NULL) {
-			zv = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*zv), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			zv = kmem_alloc(sizeof (*zv), KM_SLEEP);
 			zv->zv_vdev = zvsearch.zv_vdev;
 			avl_insert(t, zv, where);
 		}
@@ -1192,7 +1192,7 @@ zil_itx_create(uint64_t txtype, size_t lrsize)
 
 	lrsize = P2ROUNDUP_TYPED(lrsize, sizeof (uint64_t), size_t);
 
-	itx = vmem_alloc(offsetof(itx_t, itx_lr) + lrsize, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	itx = vmem_alloc(offsetof(itx_t, itx_lr) + lrsize, KM_SLEEP);
 	itx->itx_lr.lrc_txtype = txtype;
 	itx->itx_lr.lrc_reclen = lrsize;
 	itx->itx_sod = lrsize; /* if write & WR_NEED_COPY will be increased */
@@ -1359,7 +1359,7 @@ zil_itx_assign(zilog_t *zilog, itx_t *itx, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 		ASSERT(itxg->itxg_sod == 0);
 		itxg->itxg_txg = txg;
 		itxs = itxg->itxg_itxs = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (itxs_t),
-		    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		    KM_SLEEP);
 
 		list_create(&itxs->i_sync_list, sizeof (itx_t),
 		    offsetof(itx_t, itx_node));
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ zil_itx_assign(zilog_t *zilog, itx_t *itx, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 		ian = avl_find(t, &foid, &where);
 		if (ian == NULL) {
 			ian = kmem_alloc(sizeof (itx_async_node_t),
-			    KM_PUSHPAGE);
+			    KM_SLEEP);
 			list_create(&ian->ia_list, sizeof (itx_t),
 			    offsetof(itx_t, itx_node));
 			ian->ia_foid = foid;
@@ -1798,7 +1798,7 @@ zil_alloc(objset_t *os, zil_header_t *zh_phys)
 	zilog_t *zilog;
 	int i;
 
-	zilog = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zilog_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zilog = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zilog_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	zilog->zl_header = zh_phys;
 	zilog->zl_os = os;
@@ -2204,7 +2204,7 @@ zil_replay(objset_t *os, void *arg, zil_replay_func_t replay_func[TX_MAX_TYPE])
 	zr.zr_replay = replay_func;
 	zr.zr_arg = arg;
 	zr.zr_byteswap = BP_SHOULD_BYTESWAP(&zh->zh_log);
-	zr.zr_lr = vmem_alloc(2 * SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zr.zr_lr = vmem_alloc(2 * SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	/*
 	 * Wait for in-progress removes to sync before starting replay.
diff --git a/module/zfs/zio.c b/module/zfs/zio.c
index d7c8458f473d..b4e19067f14d 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zio.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zio.c
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ static void
 zio_push_transform(zio_t *zio, void *data, uint64_t size, uint64_t bufsize,
 	zio_transform_func_t *transform)
 {
-	zio_transform_t *zt = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zio_transform_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zio_transform_t *zt = kmem_alloc(sizeof (zio_transform_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	zt->zt_orig_data = zio->io_data;
 	zt->zt_orig_size = zio->io_size;
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ zio_unique_parent(zio_t *cio)
 void
 zio_add_child(zio_t *pio, zio_t *cio)
 {
-	zio_link_t *zl = kmem_cache_alloc(zio_link_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zio_link_t *zl = kmem_cache_alloc(zio_link_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 	int w;
 
 	/*
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ zio_create(zio_t *pio, spa_t *spa, uint64_t txg, const blkptr_t *bp,
 	ASSERT(!bp || !(flags & ZIO_FLAG_CONFIG_WRITER));
 	ASSERT(vd || stage == ZIO_STAGE_OPEN);
 
-	zio = kmem_cache_alloc(zio_cache, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zio = kmem_cache_alloc(zio_cache, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	if (vd != NULL)
 		zio->io_child_type = ZIO_CHILD_VDEV;
@@ -1757,7 +1757,7 @@ zio_gang_node_alloc(zio_gang_node_t **gnpp)
 
 	ASSERT(*gnpp == NULL);
 
-	gn = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*gn), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	gn = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*gn), KM_SLEEP);
 	gn->gn_gbh = zio_buf_alloc(SPA_GANGBLOCKSIZE);
 	*gnpp = gn;
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/zpl_xattr.c b/module/zfs/zpl_xattr.c
index 526c3f9e6172..6a74b81901fe 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zpl_xattr.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zpl_xattr.c
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ zpl_get_acl(struct inode *ip, int type)
 
 	size = zpl_xattr_get(ip, name, NULL, 0);
 	if (size > 0) {
-		value = kmem_alloc(size, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+		value = kmem_alloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
 		size = zpl_xattr_get(ip, name, value, size);
 	}
 
diff --git a/module/zfs/zvol.c b/module/zfs/zvol.c
index ddaf520a2c77..6a84c8ad96c0 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zvol.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zvol.c
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ zvol_get_data(void *arg, lr_write_t *lr, char *buf, zio_t *zio)
 	ASSERT(zio != NULL);
 	ASSERT(size != 0);
 
-	zgd = (zgd_t *)kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zgd_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zgd = (zgd_t *)kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zgd_t), KM_SLEEP);
 	zgd->zgd_zilog = zv->zv_zilog;
 	zgd->zgd_rl = zfs_range_lock(&zv->zv_znode, offset, size, RL_READER);
 
@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@ zvol_alloc(dev_t dev, const char *name)
 	zvol_state_t *zv;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	zv = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zvol_state_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	zv = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zvol_state_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	spin_lock_init(&zv->zv_lock);
 	list_link_init(&zv->zv_next);
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ __zvol_snapdev_hidden(const char *name)
 	char *atp;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	parent = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	parent = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
 	(void) strlcpy(parent, name, MAXPATHLEN);
 
 	if ((atp = strrchr(parent, '@')) != NULL) {
@@ -1353,7 +1353,7 @@ __zvol_create_minor(const char *name, boolean_t ignore_snapdev)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	doi = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_object_info_t), KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	doi = kmem_alloc(sizeof (dmu_object_info_t), KM_SLEEP);
 
 	error = dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_ZVOL, B_TRUE, zvol_tag, &os);
 	if (error)
@@ -1565,7 +1565,7 @@ zvol_rename_minors(const char *oldname, const char *newname)
 
 	oldnamelen = strlen(oldname);
 	newnamelen = strlen(newname);
-	name = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_PUSHPAGE);
+	name = kmem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, KM_SLEEP);
 
 	mutex_enter(&zvol_state_lock);