diff --git a/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/Idiomatic/FileNameRule.swift b/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/Idiomatic/FileNameRule.swift
index d3554619eb..68487b492b 100644
--- a/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/Idiomatic/FileNameRule.swift
+++ b/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/Idiomatic/FileNameRule.swift
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ struct FileNameRule: OptInRule, SourceKitFreeRule {
         }
 
         // Process nested type separator
-        let allDeclaredTypeNames = TypeNameCollectingVisitor(viewMode: .sourceAccurate)
+        let allDeclaredTypeNames = TypeNameCollectingVisitor(requireFullyQualifiedNames: configuration.fullyQualified)
             .walk(tree: file.syntaxTree, handler: \.names)
             .map {
                 $0.replacingOccurrences(of: ".", with: configuration.nestedTypeSeparator)
@@ -56,33 +56,98 @@ struct FileNameRule: OptInRule, SourceKitFreeRule {
 }
 
 private class TypeNameCollectingVisitor: SyntaxVisitor {
+    // All of a visited node's ancestor type names if that node is nested, starting with the furthest
+    // ancestor and ending with the direct parent
+    private var ancestorNames: [String] = []
+
+    // All of the type names found in the file
     private(set) var names: Set<String> = []
 
+    // If true, nested types are only allowed in the file name when used by their fully-qualified name
+    // (e.g. `My.Nested.Type` and not just `Type`)
+    private let requireFullyQualifiedNames: Bool
+
+    init(requireFullyQualifiedNames: Bool) {
+        self.requireFullyQualifiedNames = requireFullyQualifiedNames
+        super.init(viewMode: .sourceAccurate)
+    }
+
+    private func addVisitedNodeName(_ name: String) {
+        let fullyQualifiedName = (ancestorNames + [name]).joined(separator: ".")
+        names.insert(fullyQualifiedName)
+
+        if !requireFullyQualifiedNames {
+            names.insert(name)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: ClassDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
+    }
+
     override func visitPost(_ node: ClassDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: ActorDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: ActorDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: StructDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: StructDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: TypeAliasDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: TypeAliasDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: EnumDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: EnumDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: ProtocolDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.name.text)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: ProtocolDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.name.text)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.name.text)
+    }
+
+    override func visit(_ node: ExtensionDeclSyntax) -> SyntaxVisitorContinueKind {
+        ancestorNames.append(node.extendedType.trimmedDescription)
+        return .visitChildren
     }
 
     override func visitPost(_ node: ExtensionDeclSyntax) {
-        names.insert(node.extendedType.trimmedDescription)
+        ancestorNames.removeLast()
+        addVisitedNodeName(node.extendedType.trimmedDescription)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/RuleConfigurations/FileNameConfiguration.swift b/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/RuleConfigurations/FileNameConfiguration.swift
index 08d414eacd..dadde21e2c 100644
--- a/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/RuleConfigurations/FileNameConfiguration.swift
+++ b/Source/SwiftLintBuiltInRules/Rules/RuleConfigurations/FileNameConfiguration.swift
@@ -14,4 +14,6 @@ struct FileNameConfiguration: SeverityBasedRuleConfiguration {
     private(set) var suffixPattern = "\\+.*"
     @ConfigurationElement(key: "nested_type_separator")
     private(set) var nestedTypeSeparator = "."
+    @ConfigurationElement(key: "fully_qualified")
+    private(set) var fullyQualified = false
 }
diff --git a/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/FileNameRuleTests.swift b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/FileNameRuleTests.swift
index 30f3167966..8e9f7d5412 100644
--- a/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/FileNameRuleTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/FileNameRuleTests.swift
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ final class FileNameRuleTests: SwiftLintTestCase {
                           excludedOverride: [String]? = nil,
                           prefixPattern: String? = nil,
                           suffixPattern: String? = nil,
-                          nestedTypeSeparator: String? = nil) throws -> [StyleViolation] {
+                          nestedTypeSeparator: String? = nil,
+                          fullyQualified: Bool? = nil) throws -> [StyleViolation] {
         let file = SwiftLintFile(path: fixturesDirectory.stringByAppendingPathComponent(fileName))!
         let rule: FileNameRule
         if let excluded = excludedOverride {
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ final class FileNameRuleTests: SwiftLintTestCase {
             rule = try FileNameRule(configuration: ["suffix_pattern": suffixPattern])
         } else if let nestedTypeSeparator {
             rule = try FileNameRule(configuration: ["nested_type_separator": nestedTypeSeparator])
+        } else if let fullyQualified {
+            rule = try FileNameRule(configuration: ["fully_qualified": fullyQualified])
         } else {
             rule = FileNameRule()
         }
@@ -52,6 +55,22 @@ final class FileNameRuleTests: SwiftLintTestCase {
         XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "Notification.Name+Extension.swift").isEmpty)
     }
 
+    func testNestedTypeDoesntTrigger() {
+        XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "Nested.MyType.swift").isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    func testMultipleLevelsDeepNestedTypeDoesntTrigger() {
+        XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "Multiple.Levels.Deep.Nested.MyType.swift").isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    func testNestedTypeNotFullyQualifiedDoesntTrigger() {
+        XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "MyType.swift").isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    func testNestedTypeNotFullyQualifiedDoesTriggerWithOverride() {
+        XCTAssert(try !validate(fileName: "MyType.swift", fullyQualified: true).isEmpty)
+    }
+
     func testNestedTypeSeparatorDoesntTrigger() {
         XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "NotificationName+Extension.swift", nestedTypeSeparator: "").isEmpty)
         XCTAssert(try validate(fileName: "Notification__Name+Extension.swift", nestedTypeSeparator: "__").isEmpty)
diff --git a/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Multiple.Levels.Deep.Nested.MyType.swift b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Multiple.Levels.Deep.Nested.MyType.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c8f6b4842
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Multiple.Levels.Deep.Nested.MyType.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+extension Multiple {
+    enum Levels {
+        class Deep {
+            struct Nested {
+                actor MyType {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/MyType.swift b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/MyType.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c72b6af9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/MyType.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+enum Nested {
+    struct MyType {}
+}
diff --git a/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Nested.MyType.swift b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Nested.MyType.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a57866f72a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/SwiftLintFrameworkTests/Resources/FileNameRuleFixtures/Nested.MyType.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+enum Nested {
+    struct MyType {
+    }
+}