diff --git a/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml b/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
index 33e662fe4..96389177b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ jobs:
         python-version: ["3.10"]
     steps:
     - name: Checkout Code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: 'recursive'
     - name: Setup Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install requirements (Python 3)
diff --git a/.github/workflows/github-ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/github-ci.yaml
index cfdb35fb1..3f9420a73 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/github-ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/github-ci.yaml
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
       run:
         sudo apt-get install ghostscript
     - name: Checkout Code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: 'recursive'
     - name: Cache Downloaded Files
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     steps:
     - name: Checkout Code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: 'recursive'
     - name: Cache Downloaded Files
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: ${{env.PYTHON_LATEST}}
 
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ jobs:
     needs: tests
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           # Use latest Python, so it understands all syntax.
           python-version: ${{env.PYTHON_LATEST}}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yaml b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
index f3ff2a851..9fb135d8a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       # Ensure it's on PyPI
       - name: Checkout Repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v4
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 4dadd9885..f6478c8c7 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ repos:
 #     hooks:
 #     -   id: mypy
 -   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 23.7.0
+    rev: 23.9.1
     hooks:
     -   id: black
         args: [--target-version, py36]
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ repos:
         additional_dependencies: [black==22.1.0]
         exclude: "docs/user/robustness.md"
 -   repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.0.285
+    rev: v0.0.290
     hooks:
     -   id: ruff
         args: ['--fix']
 -   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v3.10.1
+    rev: v3.11.0
     hooks:
     -   id: pyupgrade
         args: [--py36-plus]
diff --git a/pypdf/_page.py b/pypdf/_page.py
index 4f960e268..55054c47b 100644
--- a/pypdf/_page.py
+++ b/pypdf/_page.py
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ def _merge_page(
                 annots = page[PG.ANNOTS]
                 if isinstance(annots, ArrayObject):
                     for ref in annots:
-                        new_annots.append(ref)  # noqa: PERF402
+                        new_annots.append(ref)
 
         for res in (
             RES.EXT_G_STATE,
diff --git a/pypdf/_writer.py b/pypdf/_writer.py
index e3fe5bb07..11a0b77e6 100644
--- a/pypdf/_writer.py
+++ b/pypdf/_writer.py
@@ -2955,7 +2955,7 @@ def merge(
             excluded_fields = ()
         # Find the range of pages to merge.
         if pages is None:
-            pages = list(range(0, len(reader.pages)))
+            pages = list(range(len(reader.pages)))
         elif isinstance(pages, PageRange):
             pages = list(range(*pages.indices(len(reader.pages))))
         elif isinstance(pages, list):
diff --git a/requirements/ci-3.11.txt b/requirements/ci-3.11.txt
index 973294f32..05b729c5e 100644
--- a/requirements/ci-3.11.txt
+++ b/requirements/ci-3.11.txt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
-#    pip-compile --output-file=requirements/ci-3.11.txt requirements/ci.in
+#    pip-compile --config=pyproject.toml --output-file=requirements/ci-3.11.txt requirements/ci.in
 #
 attrs==23.1.0
     # via flake8-bugbear
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pytest-socket==0.6.0
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
 pytest-timeout==2.1.0
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
-ruff==0.0.285
+ruff==0.0.290
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
 typeguard==4.1.2
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
diff --git a/requirements/ci.txt b/requirements/ci.txt
index 2596f2ae1..ab29f9d92 100644
--- a/requirements/ci.txt
+++ b/requirements/ci.txt
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ pycodestyle==2.9.1
     # via
     #   flake8
     #   flake8-print
-pycryptodome==3.18.0
+pycryptodome==3.19.0
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
 pyflakes==2.5.0
     # via flake8
-pyparsing==3.1.0
+pyparsing==3.1.1
     # via packaging
 pytest==7.0.1
     # via
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ typeguard==2.13.3
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
 types-dataclasses==0.6.6
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
-types-pillow==10.0.0.2
+types-pillow==10.0.0.3
     # via -r requirements/ci.in
 typing-extensions==4.1.1
     # via
diff --git a/requirements/dev.txt b/requirements/dev.txt
index e64ee7010..0e9aed1b2 100644
--- a/requirements/dev.txt
+++ b/requirements/dev.txt
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.8
-# by the following command:
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# To update, run:
 #
 #    pip-compile requirements/dev.in
 #
 black==23.3.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
-build==0.10.0
+build==1.0.3
     # via pip-tools
 certifi==2023.7.22
     # via requests
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ cfgv==3.3.1
     # via pre-commit
 charset-normalizer==3.2.0
     # via requests
-click==8.1.6
+click==8.1.7
     # via
     #   black
     #   pip-tools
@@ -24,18 +24,20 @@ distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 docutils==0.20.1
     # via flit
-exceptiongroup==1.1.2
+exceptiongroup==1.1.3
     # via pytest
 filelock==3.12.2
     # via virtualenv
-flit==3.9.0
-    # via -r requirements/dev.in
 flit-core==3.9.0
     # via flit
+flit==3.9.0
+    # via -r requirements/dev.in
 identify==2.5.24
     # via pre-commit
 idna==3.4
     # via requests
+importlib-metadata==6.7.0
+    # via build
 iniconfig==2.0.0
     # via pytest
 mypy-extensions==1.0.0
@@ -47,13 +49,13 @@ packaging==23.1
     #   black
     #   build
     #   pytest
-pathspec==0.11.1
+pathspec==0.11.2
     # via black
 pillow==9.5.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
 pip-tools==6.14.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
-platformdirs==3.9.1
+platformdirs==3.10.0
     # via
     #   black
     #   virtualenv
@@ -63,35 +65,38 @@ pre-commit==2.17.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
 pyproject-hooks==1.0.0
     # via build
-pytest==7.4.0
-    # via pytest-cov
 pytest-cov==4.1.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
+pytest==7.4.2
+    # via pytest-cov
 pyyaml==6.0.1
     # via pre-commit
 requests==2.31.0
     # via flit
 toml==0.10.2
     # via pre-commit
+tomli-w==1.0.0
+    # via flit
 tomli==2.0.1
     # via
     #   black
     #   build
     #   coverage
     #   pip-tools
+    #   pyproject-hooks
     #   pytest
-tomli-w==1.0.0
-    # via flit
 typing-extensions==4.7.1
     # via black
 urllib3==2.0.4
     # via requests
-virtualenv==20.24.1
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via pre-commit
-wheel==0.41.0
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/dev.in
     #   pip-tools
+zipp==3.15.0
+    # via importlib-metadata
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 # pip
diff --git a/requirements/docs.txt b/requirements/docs.txt
index 18eea3d30..19c47cb44 100644
--- a/requirements/docs.txt
+++ b/requirements/docs.txt
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ myst-parser==0.16.1
     # via -r requirements/docs.in
 packaging==23.1
     # via sphinx
-pygments==2.15.1
+pygments==2.16.1
     # via sphinx
-pytz==2023.3
+pytz==2023.3.post1
     # via babel
 pyyaml==6.0.1
     # via myst-parser
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ sphinx==4.5.0
     #   myst-parser
     #   sphinx-rtd-theme
     #   sphinxcontrib-jquery
-sphinx-rtd-theme==1.2.2
+sphinx-rtd-theme==1.3.0
     # via -r requirements/docs.in
 sphinxcontrib-applehelp==1.0.2
     # via sphinx