diff --git a/.changeset/swift-actors-drum.md b/.changeset/swift-actors-drum.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88ab456411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/swift-actors-drum.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@primer/css": patch
+---
+
+Make `pagination` responsive by default
diff --git a/src/pagination/pagination.scss b/src/pagination/pagination.scss
index 1ba48457e1..475ef0c044 100644
--- a/src/pagination/pagination.scss
+++ b/src/pagination/pagination.scss
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
   a,
   span,
   em {
-    display: inline-block;
     min-width: 32px;
     // stylelint-disable-next-line primer/spacing
     padding: 5px 10px;
@@ -84,6 +83,44 @@
       clip-path: polygon(6.2px 3.2px, 7.3px 3.2px, 11.5px 7.5px, 11.5px 8.5px, 7.3px 12.8px, 6.2px 11.7px, 9.9px 8px, 6.2px 4.3px, 6.2px 3.2px);
     }
   }
+
+  // Responsive
+
+  // Hide everything by default
+  > * {
+    display: none;
+  }
+
+  // 0 -> sm
+  // Only show [Previous] [Next]
+
+  > :first-child,
+  > :last-child,
+  > .previous_page,
+  > .next_page {
+    display: inline-block;
+  }
+
+  // sm -> md
+  // Also show [first] [last] [current number] and [...]
+
+  @include breakpoint(sm) {
+    > :nth-child(2),
+    > :nth-last-child(2),
+    > .current,
+    > .gap {
+      display: inline-block;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // md -> or more
+  // Show everything
+
+  @include breakpoint(md) {
+    > * {
+      display: inline-block;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 // Unified centered pagination across the site