Support LIST COLUMNS partitioning

[lysu]

Feature Request

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe:

MySQL support LIST COLUMNS partition but TiDB didn't support it now.

support it will help mysql user migrate to TiDB

Describe the feature you'd like:

Compatible with MySQL's LIST COLUMNS partition

Describe alternatives you've considered:

n/a

Teachability, Documentation, Adoption, Migration Strategy:

[zz-jason]

list partition is useful in the geo-partition scenario. take the following table (from LIST COLUMNS partitioning - MySQL) as an example:

CREATE TABLE customers (
    first_name VARCHAR(25),
    last_name VARCHAR(25),
    street_1 VARCHAR(30),
    street_2 VARCHAR(30),
    city VARCHAR(15),
    renewal DATE
)

PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(city) (
    PARTITION pRegion_1 VALUES IN('Oskarshamn', 'Högsby', 'Mönsterås'),
    PARTITION pRegion_2 VALUES IN('Vimmerby', 'Hultsfred', 'Västervik'),
    PARTITION pRegion_3 VALUES IN('Nässjö', 'Eksjö', 'Vetlanda'),
    PARTITION pRegion_4 VALUES IN('Uppvidinge', 'Alvesta', 'Växjo')
);

with placement rules (#18030), we can define a location constraint for each partition to achieve better read/write performance.

[zz-jason]

@crazycs520 PTAL

[crazycs520]

Should be supported in #20279