Update explain and execution summary related docs

explain-overview.md

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ An operator is a particular step that is executed as part of returning query res
 
 TiDB aggregates the data or calculation results scanned from TiKV/TiFlash. The data aggregation operators can be divided into the following categories:
 
-- **TableReader**: Aggregates the data obtained by the underlying operators like `TableFullScan` or `TableRangeScan` in TiKV.
+- **TableReader**: Aggregates the data obtained by the underlying operators in TiKV or TiFlash.
 - **IndexReader**: Aggregates the data obtained by the underlying operators like `IndexFullScan` or `IndexRangeScan` in TiKV.
 - **IndexLookUp**: First aggregates the RowID (in TiKV) scanned by the `Build` side. Then at the `Probe` side, accurately reads the data from TiKV based on these RowIDs. At the `Build` side, there are operators like `IndexFullScan` or `IndexRangeScan`; at the `Probe` side, there is the `TableRowIDScan` operator.
 - **IndexMerge**: Similar to `IndexLookUp`. `IndexMerge` can be seen as an extension of `IndexLookupReader`. `IndexMerge` supports reading multiple indexes at the same time. There are many `Build`s and one `Probe`. The execution process of `IndexMerge` the same as that of `IndexLookUp`.
@@ -166,9 +166,14 @@ In the `WHERE`/`HAVING`/`ON` conditions, the TiDB optimizer analyzes the result
 
 ### Task overview
 
-Currently, calculation tasks of TiDB can be divided into two categories: cop tasks and root tasks. A `cop[tikv]` task indicates that the operator is performed inside the TiKV coprocessor. A `root` task indicates that it will be completed inside of TiDB.
+TiDB calculation tasks are categorized into four types: root task, cop task, batchCop task, and mpp task:
 
-One of the goals of SQL optimization is to push the calculation down to TiKV as much as possible. The Coprocessor in TiKV supports most of the built-in SQL functions (including the aggregate functions and the scalar functions), SQL `LIMIT` operations, index scans, and table scans.
+- Root task: completed within TiDB.
+- Cop task: executed using the Coprocessor in TiKV or TiFlash.
+- BatchCop task: an optimized version of TiFlash cop tasks, allowing queries to be executed in multiple Regions in a single task.
+- MPP task: executed using TiFlash's [MPP mode](/explain-mpp.md).
+
+A key goal of SQL optimization is to push calculations down to TiKV or TiFlash whenever possible. The Coprocessor in TiKV supports most of the built-in SQL functions (including the aggregate functions and the scalar functions), SQL `LIMIT` operations, index scans, and table scans. The Coprocessor in TiFlash is similar to TiKV in functionality, but does not support index scans.
 
 ### Operator info overview
 

sql-statements/sql-statement-explain-analyze.md

@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ Different from `EXPLAIN`, `EXPLAIN ANALYZE` executes the corresponding SQL state
 
 | attribute name          | description |
 |:----------------|:---------------------------------|
-| actRows       | Number of rows output by the operator. |
-| execution info  | Execution information of the operator. `time` represents the total `wall time` from entering the operator to leaving the operator, including the total execution time of all sub-operators. If the operator is called many times by the parent operator (in loops), then the time refers to the accumulated time. `loops` is the number of times the current operator is called by the parent operator. |
-| memory  | Memory space occupied by the operator. |
-| disk  | Disk space occupied by the operator. |
+| `actRows`       | Number of rows output by the operator. |
+| `execution info`  | Execution information of the operator. `time` represents the total `wall time` from entering the operator to leaving the operator, including the total execution time of all sub-operators. If the operator is called multiple times by the parent operator (in loops), then the time refers to the accumulated time. `loops` is the number of times the current operator is called by the parent operator. `open` represents the time spent initializing the operator. `close` refers to the time taken from when the operator finishes processing data to when it ends execution. The `time` value includes both `open` and `close` time. When the operator is executed concurrently, `execution info` shows the sum of all used `wall time`. In this case, `time`, `open`, and `close` are replaced with `total_time`, `total_open`, and `total_close`. |
+| `memory`  | Max memory space occupied by the operator. |
+| `disk`  | Max disk space occupied by the operator. |
 
 ## Examples
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT * FROM t1;
 
 ## Execution information of operators
 
-In addition to the basic `time` and `loop` execution information, `execution info` also contains operator-specific execution information, which mainly includes the time consumed for the operator to send RPC requests and the duration of other steps.
+In addition to the basic `time`, `open`, `close` and `loop` execution information, `execution info` also contains operator-specific execution information, which mainly includes the time consumed for the operator to send RPC requests and the duration of other steps.
 
 ### Point_Get
 
@@ -339,6 +339,29 @@ after key/value request is processed:
 
 For writes and batch gets, the calculation is similar with different base costs.
 
+### tiflash_wait information
+
+When a query involves MPP tasks, the execution time is also affected by various tiflash_wait times, for example:
+
+```
+tiflash_wait: {minTSO_wait: 425ms, pipeline_breaker_wait: 133ms, pipeline_queue_wait: 512ms}
+```
+
+<CustomContent platform="tidb">
+
+- `minTSO_wait`: records the time spent waiting for an MPP task to be scheduled by the [TiFlash MinTSO Scheduler](/tiflash/tiflash-mintso-scheduler.md).
+- `pipeline_breaker_wait`: when TiFlash uses the [Pipeline Execution Model](/tiflash/tiflash-pipeline-model.md), it records the time that it takes for the pipeline containing the pipeline breaker operator to wait for all data in the upstream pipeline. Currently it is only used to display the time it takes for the pipeline containing the `Join` operator to wait for all hash table builds to complete.
+- `pipeline_queue_wait`: when TiFlash uses the [Pipeline Execution Model](/tiflash/tiflash-pipeline-model.md), it records the waiting time in the CPU Task Thread Pool and IO Task Thread Pool during the execution of the pipeline.
+
+</CustomContent>
+<CustomContent platform="tidb-cloud">
+
+- `minTSO_wait`: records the time spent waiting for an MPP task to be scheduled by the [TiFlash MinTSO Scheduler](https://docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable/tiflash-mintso-scheduler).
+- `pipeline_breaker_wait`: when TiFlash uses the [Pipeline Execution Model](/tiflash/tiflash-pipeline-model.md), it records the time that it takes for the pipeline containing the pipeline breaker operator to wait for all data in the upstream pipeline. Currently it is only used to display the time it takes for the pipeline containing the `Join` operator to wait for all hash table builds to complete.
+- `pipeline_queue_wait`: when TiFlash uses the [Pipeline Execution Model](/tiflash/tiflash-pipeline-model.md), it records the waiting time in the CPU Task Thread Pool and IO Task Thread Pool during the execution of the pipeline.
+
+</CustomContent>
+
 ### Other common execution information
 
 The Coprocessor operators usually contain two parts of execution time information: `cop_task` and `tikv_task`. `cop_task` is the time recorded by TiDB, and it is from the moment that the request is sent to the server to the moment that the response is received. `tikv_task` is the time recorded by TiKV Coprocessor itself. If there is much difference between the two, it might indicate that the time spent waiting for the response is too long, or the time spent on gRPC or network is too long.

sql-statements/sql-statement-explain.md

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Currently, `EXPLAIN` in TiDB outputs 5 columns: `id`, `estRows`, `task`, `access
 |:----------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
 | id            | The operator ID is the unique identifier of the operator in the entire execution plan. In TiDB 2.1, the ID is formatted to display the tree structure of the operator. Data flows from the child node to the parent node. One and only one parent node for each operator. |
 | estRows       | The number of rows that the operator is expected to output. This number is estimated according to the statistics and the operator's logic. `estRows` is called `count` in the earlier versions of TiDB 4.0. |
-| task          | The type of task the operator belongs to. Currently, the execution plans are divided into two tasks: **root** task, which is executed on tidb-server, and **cop** task, which is performed in parallel on TiKV or TiFlash. The topology of the execution plan at the task level is that a root task followed by many cop tasks. The root task uses the output of cop tasks as input. The cop tasks refer to tasks that TiDB pushes down to TiKV or TiFlash. Each cop task is distributed in the TiKV cluster or the TiFlash cluster, and is executed by multiple processes. |
+| task          | The type of task the operator belongs to. Execution plans are currently divided into four types of tasks: the root task, executed on TiDB server; the cop task, performed in parallel on TiKV or TiFlash; the batchCop task, executed in parallel on TiFlash; and the MPP task, executed in parallel on TiFlash. The execution plan topology at the task level consists of a root task followed by multiple other tasks. The root task uses the outputs of these tasks as input. The other tasks refer to those pushed down by TiDB to TiKV or TiFlash. Each pushed-down task is distributed across the TiKV or TiFlash clusters and executed by multiple processes. |
 | access object | Data item information accessed by the operator. The information includes `table`, `partition`, and `index` (if any). Only operators that directly access the data have such information. |
 | operator info | Other information about the operator. `operator info` of each operator is different. You can refer to the following examples. |