ORNL-TM-0607.txt

  
  
 

| RN
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL AABORATO

L B Benk
operated Eiy a0

UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION
for the

U.S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

 

,7

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF INOR-8 CAST METAL

R. W. Swindeman

NOTICE

This document contains information of a preliminary nature and was prepared
primarily for internal use at the Qak Ridge National Laberatory. it is subject
to ravision or correction and therefore does not represent a final report. The
information is not to be abstracted, reprinted or otherwise given public dis-
semination without the approval of the ORNL patent branch, Lege! and Infor-
matien Control Department.

CORY

ORNL- TM- 607/9"[,5“
 

 

 

LEGAL NOTICE

This report was prepared as an account of Government sponsored work. Neither the United States,

nor the Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission:

A. Makes any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accurecy,
completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of
any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe
privately owned rights; or

B. Assumes oany liakilities with respect to the use of, or for damoges resulting from the use of
any information, apparatus, methed, or process disclosed in this report.

As used in the above, '‘person acting on behalf of the Commission’ includes any employee or

contractor of the Commission, or amployee of such contractor, to the extent that such employes

or contractor of the Cemmission, or employee of such contractor prepares, disseminates, or
provides access to, any information pursuant to his employment or contract with the Commission,

or his employment with such contractor.

 

 
ORNL-TM-607

Contract No. W-7405-eng-26

METALS AND CERAMICS DIVISION

Wil

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF INOR-8 CAST METAL

R. W. Swindeman

Date Issued

AUG 6 1963

 

OAK RIDGE NATTONAL LABORATORY
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
operated by
UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION
for the
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSICN
r—

e
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF INOR-8 CAST METAL

 

R. W. Swindeman

ABSTRACT

Tensile and stress-rupture data for INOR-8 castings
are presented., It is shown that the high-temperature strength
of castings is sufficient to allow present Molten-Salt Reactor
Experiment stresses for wrought metal to be used. At lower
temperatures, however, the tensile strength limits the maximum
stress to low values. The effect of defects in castings is
illustrated.

INTRODUCTION

Since several components in the Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE)
fuel circulation system will be fabricated by casting, it is desirable
to know the limiting strength of INOR-8 cast metal. This report swummarizes
available mechanical property data on this material. Portions of the infor-
mation provided here were obtained by the Haynes-Stellite Company and are

1

reported in the literature. They are included here for completeness.

PROGRAM

Tensile tests were performed on four heats of sand-cast metal and
one heat of investment-cast metal. The chemical analyses provided by
the vendor are given in Table 1. The analyses for the investment-cast
heat are not known.

Rod specimens were machined from cast blanks and annealed at 2150°F
for 1 hr/in. of thickness. Both 0.505 and 0.250-in.-diam bars were used.
All tensile tests were performed in air at an extension rate of
0.05 in./min.

Stress-rupture tests were performed on the investment-cast heat. The

specimens were similar to those used in the tensile testing program.

 

1Developmental Data on Hastelloy Alloy N, Haynes-Stellite Company
brochure (May 1959).

 
Table 1. Chemical Analyses for INOR-8 Castings

 

Heat No. Cr Fe C Si Co Ni Mn Mo Cu P S

 

Specified 68 5 max 0.02-0.12 1.0 max 0.2 max bal 1.0 max 1518 0.35 max 0.15 max 0.2 max

7707 a a 0.02 0.021 a a a a a a a
8860 7.2 4.0 0.07 0.27 0.20 bal 0.38 16.2 0.01 0.001 0.01
8861 7.4 4.0 0.07 0.12 0.17 bal 0.4 16.1 0.0L 0.001 0.01
9615 a a a a a a a a a a a

 

8Within specification but not reported.
During the machining of the bars from heats Nos, 8860 and 8861, it
was seen that there were flaws in the specimens. Radiography was then

performed on eight bars from these heats prior to testing.
RESULTS

Tensile data are shown in Figs. 1 through 4. The tensile strength
for sand-cast metal, shown in Fig. 1, exhibits a wide variation from
one specimen to another, especially at the low temperatures. Inspection
of radiographs and rupture surfaces revealed gross defects in at least
nine specimens. Most of the scatter in the tensile strength can,
therefore, be attributed to defects. The tensile strength for sound
cast metal is about 60% of that for wrought metal.

UNCLASSIFIED
ORNL-DWG 63-68

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

100
80 ;/
3 //// .
g 60 2
o A A .
A
5 A
® 40 —8——1——  HEAT ®
@ o 7707
A 8860
O 8861
20 v 9615
e, m,A DEFECTIVE
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

TEMPERATURE (°F)

Fig. 1. Ultimate Tensile Strength of Sand-Cast INOR-8.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4
UNCLASSIFIED
ORNL-DWG 63-69
50
40
30
a8
20 HEAT 2 Z
o 7707 _
A 8860 . | |
0 O 8861 \
v 9615
e,®, A DEFECTIVE
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

TEMPERATURE (°F)
Fig. 2. Yield Strength of Sand-Cast INOR-8.

The 0.2% offset yield strength for sand-cast metal is shown in
Fig. 2. Here again the defective castings exhibit less strength than
the sound castings. The yield strength for cast metal is about 80% of
that for wrought metal.

The tensile elongation for sand castings is shown in Fig, 3. The
elongation improves with increasing temperature up to 800°F and
diminishes above this temperature. Most of the sound castings have
elongations better than 20% at all temperatures. The elongation is
particularly sensitive to the quality of the casting and defective
castings exhibit ductilities weil below those for sound metal. It was
noticed that failures in defective castings occurred at shrinkage cracks
and large inclusions. These flaws comprised anywhere from 10 to 40%
of the cross-sectional area of the specimen. No failures in high E

porosity regions were observed.

B
-y

——

UNCLASSIFIED
ORNL-DWG 63-70

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

70 I
HE AT
o 7707
A 8860
60 |
// 0 8864
v 9615
e, B,A DEFECTIVE
50 / |
B i
<
Z 40 /
&2 ;ZZ?/
z
o
=
<I 30 }_
o
Z 7
o
A
20 L A
o A
A
i A
10
n
a
o
O 200 400 00 80O {000 1200 1400 1600

TEMPERATURE (°F)
Fig. 3. Elongation of Sand-Cast INOR-8.

The investment castings exhibit about the same strength as sand
castings. Data for this material are shown in Fig. 4.

The only available creep data are for investment castings. These
data were obtained from short-time stress~rupture tests at temperatures
of 1100, 1300, 1500, and 1700°F and are not suitable for establishing
design stresses by conventional techniques. The Dorn-Shepard parameter?
has been used to establish a master curve from which 100,000 rupture-
stress values may be obtained. The activation energy, 83,200 cal/mole-°K,
for wrought metal? was employed. A plot of the Dorn-Shepard against

 

2J. E. Dorn and L. A. Shepard, What We Need to Know About Creep,
ASTM Spec. Tech. Pub, No. 165, p 3 (1954).

3R. W. Swindeman, The Mechanical Properties of INOR-8, ORNL-2780,
p 58 (1961).
ORRL —Bwe 632 7
100 3-n

 

90

 

 

 

N

~
o

 

TENSILE STRENGTH

&
o

 

N

v
o

 

F
o

 

40

®\Y/ELD STRENGTH
N / ‘\E\LONGATION
R _ —32 30
®
/ Te——— \

TENSILE AND YIELD STRENGTH (1000 psi}

N
o

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2
ey e Z
9

/ e
20 — \\\\ 20 4
o
=z
O
-
w

10 10

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

TEMPERATURE (°F)

Fig. 4. Tensile Properties vs Temperature for
Investment-Cast INOR-8.

stress is shown in Fig. 5. Stress values for 100,000 hr obtained from
this curve are presented in Table 2 and compared to present MSRE design
stresses. It is apparent that, on the basis of rupture data, the wrought
metal stress values may be safely applied as design stresses for castings.
This is true for temperatures above 1150°F. Below 1150°F, however, cast
metal design stresses must be based on one fourth of the tensile strength
since these stresses will be less than those obtained from stress-rupture .
data. Inasmuch as the minimum specified tensile strength has not been
established for castings, stress values at lower temperatures are not

suggested.

<9

he
i ]

-

«—

UNCLASSIFIED
ORNL-DWG 63-72
100

60

40

1000°F {10°hr)

20 1100°F (10° hr)

1200 £ (10° hr)

1300°F (10" hr)

STRESS (1000psi)
S

~ 1400°F {10° hr)

 

24 22 20 i8 16 14 12 10

10840 [(%;?) e(es.zoo/nn]

Fig. 5. Dorn-Shepard Parameter for Rupture of
Investment-Cast INOR-8.

A creep testing program is now 1in progress to determine the creep
rates and stress-rupture properties of sand castings between 1100 and

1400°F. This program should be completed with six months.
Table 2. ZEstimated 100,000-hr Rupture Strength
for INOR-8 Castings

 

 

Stresses for Cast Metal MSRE Design
Predicted from the Stresses for
Temperature Dorn-Shepard Parameter Wrought Metal
(°F) (psi) (psi)
1000% 23,300 16,000
1050° 17,850 13,250
1100% 14,000 9,600
1150 10,400 6,800
1200 9,300 4,950
1250 7,450 3,600
1300 6,250 2,750
1350 5,400 2,050
1400 4,650 1,600

 

aTensile strength will control the design stress at
these temperatures.

=
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INTERNAL DISTRIBUTION

1-2. Central Research Library 47. E. C. Hise
3. ORNL — Y-12 Technical Library 48. H. W. Hoffman
- Document Reference Section 49, P, P, Holz
4—6. Laboratory Records 50. L. N, Howell
7. Laboratory Records, ORNL RC 51. P. R. Kasten
8. ORNL Patent Office 52. R. J. Kedl
9. G. M. Adamson 53. B. W. Kinyon
10. L. G. Alexander 54. R. W. Knight
11. S. E. Besall 55. M. I. Lundin
12. C, E. Bettis 56. H. G. MacPherson
13, E, S. Bettis 57. E. R, Mann
14. D. S, Billington 58. W. B. McDonald
15. F. F. Blankenship 59. C. K. McGlothlan
16. A. L. Boch 60, E. C, Miller
17. S. E. Bolt 6l. R. L. Moore
18. C. J. Borkowski 62. J. C. Moyers
19. E. J. Breeding 63. C. W. Nestor
20. F. R. Bruce 64. T. E, Northup
21. 0. W. Burke 65. L. F, Parsly
22. D, O, Campbell 66. P. Patriarca
23. S. Cantor 67. H. R. Payne
24. W. G. Cobb 68. W. B. Pike
25. J. A. Conlin 69. M. Richardson
26. W. H. Cook 70. R. C. Robertson
27. L. T. Corbin 71. T. K. Roche
28. G. A, Cristy 72. H. W. Savage
29. J. L. Crowley 73. J. H. Shaffer
30. F. L. Culler 74. G. M. Slaughter
31l. J. H. DeVan 75. A. N. Smith
32. R. G. Domnelly 76. P. G. Smith
33. D. A. Douglas 77. I. Spiewak
34. E. P, Epler 78. R, W. Swindeman
35. W. K. Ergen 79. J. R. Tallackson
36. A. P. Fraas 80. A. E. Thoma
37. J. H Frye, Jr. 8l. D. B. Trauger
38. C. H., Gabbard 82. W. C. Ulrich
39. W. R. Gall 83-92. J. R. Weir
40. R, B. Gallgher 93. D. C., Watkin
41, W, R, Grimes 9. A. M. Weinberg
42. A. G. Grindell 95. J. H. Westsik
43. C., S, Harrill 9. L. V. Wilson
44—46. M. R, Hill 97. C. H. Wodtke

EXTERNAL DISTRIBUTION

98, David F. Cope (ORO)
99-113. Division of Technical Information
Extension (DTIE)
114. Research and Development (ORO)
o’ —

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