diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 4f76e9b1b3..75b03e4fd2 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   ([#664](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python-contrib/pull/664))
 - `opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore` Fix span injection for lambda invoke
   ([#663](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python-contrib/pull/663))
+- `opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore` Introduce instrumentation extensions
+  ([#718](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python-contrib/pull/718))
 
 ### Changed
 
diff --git a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/__init__.py b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/__init__.py
index 438af1131c..e4be18466c 100644
--- a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/__init__.py
+++ b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/__init__.py
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def response_hook(span, service_name, operation_name, result):
 
 import json
 import logging
-from typing import Any, Collection, Dict, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Callable, Collection, Dict, Optional, Tuple
 
 from botocore.client import BaseClient
 from botocore.endpoint import Endpoint
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ def response_hook(span, service_name, operation_name, result):
 from wrapt import wrap_function_wrapper
 
 from opentelemetry import context as context_api
+from opentelemetry.instrumentation.botocore.extensions import _find_extension
 from opentelemetry.instrumentation.botocore.extensions.types import (
     _AwsSdkCallContext,
 )
@@ -190,6 +191,10 @@ def _patched_api_call(self, original_func, instance, args, kwargs):
         if call_context is None:
             return original_func(*args, **kwargs)
 
+        extension = _find_extension(call_context)
+        if not extension.should_trace_service_call():
+            return original_func(*args, **kwargs)
+
         attributes = {
             SpanAttributes.RPC_SYSTEM: "aws-api",
             SpanAttributes.RPC_SERVICE: call_context.service_id,
@@ -198,6 +203,8 @@ def _patched_api_call(self, original_func, instance, args, kwargs):
             "aws.region": call_context.region,
         }
 
+        _safe_invoke(extension.extract_attributes, attributes)
+
         with self._tracer.start_as_current_span(
             call_context.span_name,
             kind=call_context.span_kind,
@@ -208,6 +215,7 @@ def _patched_api_call(self, original_func, instance, args, kwargs):
                 BotocoreInstrumentor._patch_lambda_invoke(call_context.params)
 
             _set_api_call_attributes(span, call_context)
+            _safe_invoke(extension.before_service_call, span)
             self._call_request_hook(span, call_context)
 
             token = context_api.attach(
@@ -220,11 +228,14 @@ def _patched_api_call(self, original_func, instance, args, kwargs):
             except ClientError as error:
                 result = getattr(error, "response", None)
                 _apply_response_attributes(span, result)
+                _safe_invoke(extension.on_error, span, error)
                 raise
             else:
                 _apply_response_attributes(span, result)
+                _safe_invoke(extension.on_success, span, result)
             finally:
                 context_api.detach(token)
+                _safe_invoke(extension.after_service_call)
 
                 self._call_response_hook(span, call_context, result)
 
@@ -254,8 +265,6 @@ def _set_api_call_attributes(span, call_context: _AwsSdkCallContext):
     if not span.is_recording():
         return
 
-    if "QueueUrl" in call_context.params:
-        span.set_attribute("aws.queue_url", call_context.params["QueueUrl"])
     if "TableName" in call_context.params:
         span.set_attribute("aws.table_name", call_context.params["TableName"])
 
@@ -309,3 +318,14 @@ def _determine_call_context(
         # extracting essential attributes ('service' and 'operation') failed.
         logger.error("Error when initializing call context", exc_info=ex)
         return None
+
+
+def _safe_invoke(function: Callable, *args):
+    function_name = "<unknown>"
+    try:
+        function_name = function.__name__
+        function(*args)
+    except Exception as ex:  # pylint:disable=broad-except
+        logger.error(
+            "Error when invoking function '%s'", function_name, exc_info=ex
+        )
diff --git a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/__init__.py b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/__init__.py
index e69de29bb2..66ec526392 100644
--- a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/__init__.py
+++ b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import importlib
+import logging
+
+from opentelemetry.instrumentation.botocore.extensions.types import (
+    _AwsSdkCallContext,
+    _AwsSdkExtension,
+)
+
+_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _lazy_load(module, cls):
+    def loader():
+        imported_mod = importlib.import_module(module, __name__)
+        return getattr(imported_mod, cls, None)
+
+    return loader
+
+
+_KNOWN_EXTENSIONS = {
+    "sqs": _lazy_load(".sqs", "_SqsExtension"),
+}
+
+
+def _find_extension(call_context: _AwsSdkCallContext) -> _AwsSdkExtension:
+    try:
+        loader = _KNOWN_EXTENSIONS.get(call_context.service)
+        if loader is None:
+            return _AwsSdkExtension(call_context)
+
+        extension_cls = loader()
+        return extension_cls(call_context)
+    except Exception as ex:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        _logger.error("Error when loading extension: %s", ex)
+        return _AwsSdkExtension(call_context)
diff --git a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/sqs.py b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/sqs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..408ef458fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/sqs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from opentelemetry.instrumentation.botocore.extensions.types import (
+    _AttributeMapT,
+    _AwsSdkExtension,
+)
+
+
+class _SqsExtension(_AwsSdkExtension):
+    def extract_attributes(self, attributes: _AttributeMapT):
+        queue_url = self._call_context.params.get("QueueUrl")
+        if queue_url:
+            # TODO: update when semantic conventions exist
+            attributes["aws.queue_url"] = queue_url
diff --git a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/types.py b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/types.py
index c4ab588352..360911f642 100644
--- a/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/types.py
+++ b/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-botocore/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/botocore/extensions/types.py
@@ -2,12 +2,17 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple
 
 from opentelemetry.trace import SpanKind
+from opentelemetry.trace.span import Span
+from opentelemetry.util.types import AttributeValue
 
 _logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 _BotoClientT = "botocore.client.BaseClient"
+_BotoResultT = Dict[str, Any]
+_BotoClientErrorT = "botocore.exceptions.ClientError"
 
 _OperationParamsT = Dict[str, Any]
+_AttributeMapT = Dict[str, AttributeValue]
 
 
 class _AwsSdkCallContext:
@@ -70,3 +75,49 @@ def _get_attr(obj, name: str, default=None):
         except AttributeError:
             _logger.warning("Could not get attribute '%s'", name)
             return default
+
+
+class _AwsSdkExtension:
+    def __init__(self, call_context: _AwsSdkCallContext):
+        self._call_context = call_context
+
+    def should_trace_service_call(self) -> bool:  # pylint:disable=no-self-use
+        """Returns if the AWS SDK service call should be traced or not
+
+        Extensions might override this function to disable tracing for certain
+        operations.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def extract_attributes(self, attributes: _AttributeMapT):
+        """Callback which gets invoked before the span is created.
+
+        Extensions might override this function to extract additional attributes.
+        """
+
+    def before_service_call(self, span: Span):
+        """Callback which gets invoked after the span is created but before the
+        AWS SDK service is called.
+
+        Extensions might override this function e.g. for injecting the span into
+        a carrier.
+        """
+
+    def on_success(self, span: Span, result: _BotoResultT):
+        """Callback that gets invoked when the AWS SDK call returns
+        successfully.
+
+        Extensions might override this function e.g. to extract and set response
+        attributes on the span.
+        """
+
+    def on_error(self, span: Span, exception: _BotoClientErrorT):
+        """Callback that gets invoked when the AWS SDK service call raises a
+        ClientError.
+        """
+
+    def after_service_call(self):
+        """Callback that gets invoked after the AWS SDK service was called.
+
+        Extensions might override this function to do some cleanup tasks.
+        """