diff --git a/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml b/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..5bcc93e5529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: extension
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Allow extensions to be notified of the effective config
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [6596]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
diff --git a/extension/extension.go b/extension/extension.go
index 391f23a6674..693e9559122 100644
--- a/extension/extension.go
+++ b/extension/extension.go
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ type PipelineWatcher interface {
 	NotReady() error
 }
 
+type ConfigWatcher interface {
+	ConfigResolved(data map[string]interface{}) error
+}
+
 // CreateSettings is passed to Factory.Create(...) function.
 type CreateSettings = component.ExtensionCreateSettings //nolint:staticcheck
 
diff --git a/otelcol/collector.go b/otelcol/collector.go
index f695637da13..d6a8d4a5e1c 100644
--- a/otelcol/collector.go
+++ b/otelcol/collector.go
@@ -181,6 +181,11 @@ func (col *Collector) setupConfigurationComponents(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return multierr.Combine(err, col.service.Shutdown(ctx))
 	}
 	col.setCollectorState(StateRunning)
+
+	if err = col.service.ConfigResolved(ctx, cfg.ToStringMap()); err != nil {
+		return multierr.Combine(err, col.service.Shutdown(ctx))
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
diff --git a/otelcol/config.go b/otelcol/config.go
index ed196e2381a..5e28b096127 100644
--- a/otelcol/config.go
+++ b/otelcol/config.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service"
 )
 
@@ -42,6 +43,26 @@ type Config struct {
 	Extensions map[component.ID]component.Config
 
 	Service service.Config
+
+	// stringMap is the map used to create this Config
+	stringMap map[string]interface{}
+}
+
+func NewConfig(conf *confmap.Conf, factories component.Factories) (*Config, error) {
+	var err error
+	var cfg *configSettings
+	if cfg, err = unmarshal(conf, factories); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal the configuration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &Config{
+		Receivers:  cfg.Receivers.Configs(),
+		Processors: cfg.Processors.Configs(),
+		Exporters:  cfg.Exporters.Configs(),
+		Extensions: cfg.Extensions.Configs(),
+		Service:    cfg.Service,
+		stringMap:  conf.ToStringMap(),
+	}, nil
 }
 
 // Validate returns an error if the config is invalid.
@@ -131,3 +152,8 @@ func (cfg *Config) Validate() error {
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// ToStringMap returns the map used to create this Config
+func (cfg *Config) ToStringMap() map[string]interface{} {
+	return cfg.stringMap
+}
diff --git a/otelcol/configprovider.go b/otelcol/configprovider.go
index 411b11d6444..3caf50901b8 100644
--- a/otelcol/configprovider.go
+++ b/otelcol/configprovider.go
@@ -93,18 +93,7 @@ func (cm *configProvider) Get(ctx context.Context, factories Factories) (*Config
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot resolve the configuration: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	var cfg *configSettings
-	if cfg, err = unmarshal(conf, factories); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal the configuration: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return &Config{
-		Receivers:  cfg.Receivers.Configs(),
-		Processors: cfg.Processors.Configs(),
-		Exporters:  cfg.Exporters.Configs(),
-		Extensions: cfg.Extensions.Configs(),
-		Service:    cfg.Service,
-	}, nil
+	return NewConfig(conf, factories)
 }
 
 func (cm *configProvider) Watch() <-chan error {
diff --git a/otelcol/configprovider_test.go b/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
index 573cdde5981..e278e25e8ec 100644
--- a/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
+++ b/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
@@ -22,66 +22,29 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtelemetry"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap/provider/fileprovider"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap/provider/yamlprovider"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/exporter/exportertest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension/extensiontest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/processor/processortest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/receiver/receivertest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service/telemetry"
 )
 
-var configNop = &Config{
-	Receivers:  map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): receivertest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Processors: map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): processortest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Exporters:  map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): exportertest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Extensions: map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): extensiontest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Service: service.Config{
-		Extensions: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-		Pipelines: map[component.ID]*service.PipelineConfig{
-			component.NewID("traces"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-			},
-			component.NewID("metrics"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-			},
-			component.NewID("logs"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-			},
-		},
-		Telemetry: telemetry.Config{
-			Logs: telemetry.LogsConfig{
-				Level:       zapcore.InfoLevel,
-				Development: false,
-				Encoding:    "console",
-				Sampling: &telemetry.LogsSamplingConfig{
-					Initial:    100,
-					Thereafter: 100,
-				},
-				OutputPaths:       []string{"stderr"},
-				ErrorOutputPaths:  []string{"stderr"},
-				DisableCaller:     false,
-				DisableStacktrace: false,
-				InitialFields:     map[string]interface{}(nil),
-			},
-			Metrics: telemetry.MetricsConfig{
-				Level:   configtelemetry.LevelBasic,
-				Address: "localhost:8888",
-			},
-		},
-	},
+func newConfigNop(factories component.Factories) (*Config, error) {
+	yamlBytes, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join("testdata", "otelcol-nop.yaml"))
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	stringMap := map[string]interface{}{}
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(yamlBytes, stringMap)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return NewConfig(confmap.NewFromStringMap(stringMap), factories)
 }
 
 func TestConfigProviderYaml(t *testing.T) {
@@ -103,6 +66,9 @@ func TestConfigProviderYaml(t *testing.T) {
 	factories, err := nopFactories()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
+	configNop, err := newConfigNop(factories)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	cfg, err := cp.Get(context.Background(), factories)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, configNop, cfg)
@@ -124,7 +90,11 @@ func TestConfigProviderFile(t *testing.T) {
 	factories, err := nopFactories()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
+	configNop, err := newConfigNop(factories)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	cfg, err := cp.Get(context.Background(), factories)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	assert.EqualValues(t, configNop, cfg)
 }
diff --git a/service/extensions/extensions.go b/service/extensions/extensions.go
index 5ddc87ce239..82edbb0e892 100644
--- a/service/extensions/extensions.go
+++ b/service/extensions/extensions.go
@@ -84,6 +84,16 @@ func (bes *Extensions) NotifyPipelineNotReady() error {
 	return errs
 }
 
+func (bes *Extensions) NotifyConfigResolved(data map[string]interface{}) error {
+	var errs error
+	for _, ext := range bes.extMap {
+		if cw, ok := ext.(extension.ConfigWatcher); ok {
+			errs = multierr.Append(errs, cw.ConfigResolved(data))
+		}
+	}
+	return errs
+}
+
 func (bes *Extensions) GetExtensions() map[component.ID]component.Component {
 	result := make(map[component.ID]component.Component, len(bes.extMap))
 	for extID, v := range bes.extMap {
diff --git a/service/extensions/extensions_test.go b/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
index b3090247c26..1e293fc3f20 100644
--- a/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
+++ b/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
@@ -102,6 +102,132 @@ func TestBuildExtensions(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestNotifyConfigResovled(t *testing.T) {
+	notificationError := errors.New("Error processing config")
+	nopExtensionFactory := extensiontest.NewNopFactory()
+	nopExtensionConfig := nopExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	n1ExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiable1", func() error { return nil })
+	n1ExtensionConfig := n1ExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	n2ExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiable2", func() error { return nil })
+	n2ExtensionConfig := n1ExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	nErrExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiableErr", func() error { return notificationError })
+	nErrExtensionConfig := n1ExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name              string
+		factories         map[component.Type]extension.Factory
+		extensionsConfigs map[component.ID]component.Config
+		serviceExtensions []component.ID
+		wantErrMsg        string
+		want              error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "No notifiable extensions",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"nop": nopExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("nop"): nopExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("nop"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One notifiable extension",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiable1": n1ExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"): n1ExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple notifiable extensions",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiable1": n1ExtensionFactory,
+				"notifiable2": n2ExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"): n1ExtensionConfig,
+				component.NewID("notifiable2"): n2ExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"),
+				component.NewID("notifiable2"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Errors in extension notification",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiableErr": nErrExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiableErr"): nErrExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiableErr"),
+			},
+			want: notificationError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			extensions, err := New(context.Background(), Settings{
+				Telemetry: componenttest.NewNopTelemetrySettings(),
+				BuildInfo: component.NewDefaultBuildInfo(),
+				Configs:   tt.extensionsConfigs,
+				Factories: tt.factories,
+			}, tt.serviceExtensions)
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			errs := extensions.NotifyConfigResolved(map[string]interface{}{})
+			assert.Equal(t, errs, tt.want)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type configWatcherExtension struct {
+	fn func() error
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Start(_ context.Context, _ component.Host) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Shutdown(_ context.Context) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) ConfigResolved(data map[string]interface{}) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func newConfigWatcherExtension(fn func() error) *configWatcherExtension {
+	comp := &configWatcherExtension{
+		fn: fn,
+	}
+
+	return comp
+
+}
+
+func newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory(name component.Type, fn func() error) extension.Factory {
+	return extension.NewFactory(
+		name,
+		func() component.Config {
+			return &struct{}{}
+		},
+		func(ctx context.Context, set extension.CreateSettings, extension component.Config) (extension.Extension, error) {
+			return newConfigWatcherExtension(fn), nil
+		},
+		component.StabilityLevelDevelopment,
+	)
+}
+
 func newBadExtensionFactory() extension.Factory {
 	return extension.NewFactory(
 		"bf",
diff --git a/service/service.go b/service/service.go
index 1848c306856..8557a02534a 100644
--- a/service/service.go
+++ b/service/service.go
@@ -172,6 +172,13 @@ func (srv *Service) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return errs
 }
 
+func (srv *Service) ConfigResolved(_ context.Context, effectiveConfig map[string]interface{}) error {
+	if err := srv.host.serviceExtensions.NotifyConfigResolved(effectiveConfig); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (srv *Service) initExtensionsAndPipeline(ctx context.Context, set Settings, cfg Config) error {
 	var err error
 	extensionsSettings := extensions.Settings{