diff --git a/fetch.bs b/fetch.bs
index cfaaf6693..dd8aeb4c1 100644
--- a/fetch.bs
+++ b/fetch.bs
@@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ Unless stated otherwise, it is unset.
 
   <dt>"<code>only-if-cached</code>"
   <dd>Fetch uses any response in the HTTP cache matching the request, not paying attention to
-  staleness. If there was no response, it returns a network error. (Can only be used when
+  staleness. If there was no response, it returns a <a>network error</a>. (Can only be used when
   <a for=/>request</a>'s <a for=request>mode</a> is
   "<code>same-origin</code>". Any cached redirects will be followed assuming
   <a for=/>request</a>'s
@@ -2018,6 +2018,14 @@ known as an <dfn export id=concept-aborted-network-error>aborted network error</
 <a for=response>header list</a> is always empty, and
 <a for=response>body</a> is always null.
 
+<p>To <dfn for="network error" lt="create|creating">create</dfn> a <a>network error</a> given
+<a for=/>fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</a>, return a new <a>network error</a> with its
+<a for=response>timing info</a> set to the result of <a>creating an opaque timing info</a> with
+<var>fetchParams</var>'s <a for="fetch params">timing info</a>, and its
+<a for=response>URL list</a> set to a <a for=/>list</a> containing <var>fetchParams</var>'s
+<a for="fetch params">request</a>'s <a for=request>URL</a>.
+
+
 <hr>
 
 <p>A <dfn export id=concept-filtered-response>filtered response</dfn> is a limited view on a
@@ -3790,8 +3798,9 @@ steps:
  <li><p>Let <var>response</var> be null.
 
  <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a>local-URLs-only flag</a> is set and <var>request</var>'s
- <a for=request>current URL</a> is not <a lt="is local">local</a>, then set <var>response</var> to a
- <a>network error</a>.
+ <a for=request>current URL</a> is not <a lt="is local">local</a>, then set <var>response</var> to
+ the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+ <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li><p>Run <a>report Content Security Policy violations for <var>request</var></a>.
 
@@ -3800,7 +3809,8 @@ steps:
  <li><p>If <a lt="block bad port">should <var>request</var> be blocked due to a bad port</a>,
  <a lt="should fetching request be blocked as mixed content?">should fetching <var>request</var> be blocked as mixed content</a>, or
  <a lt="should request be blocked by Content Security Policy?">should <var>request</var> be blocked by Content Security Policy</a>
- returns <b>blocked</b>, then set <var>response</var> to a <a>network error</a>.
+ returns <b>blocked</b>, then set <var>response</var> to the result of
+ <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>..
 
  <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>referrer policy</a> is the empty string, then set
  <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>referrer policy</a> to <var>request</var>'s
@@ -3864,14 +3874,16 @@ steps:
    <dt><var>request</var>'s <a for=request>mode</a> is
    "<code>same-origin</code>"
 
-   <dd><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <dd><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <dt><var>request</var>'s <a for=request>mode</a> is
    "<code>no-cors</code>"
    <dd>
     <ol>
      <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>redirect mode</a> is not "<code>follow</code>",
-     then return a <a>network error</a>.
+     then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
      <li><p>Set <var>request</var>'s
      <a for=request>response tainting</a> to
@@ -3896,7 +3908,8 @@ steps:
    <dt><var>request</var>'s <a for=request>current URL</a>'s <a for=url>scheme</a> is not an
    <a>HTTP(S) scheme</a>
 
-   <dd><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <dd><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <dt><var>request</var>'s <a>use-CORS-preflight flag</a> is set
    <dt><var>request</var>'s <a>unsafe-request flag</a> is set and either <var>request</var>'s
@@ -4003,14 +4016,16 @@ steps:
    <li><p><a lt="should response to request be blocked due to nosniff">should <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to nosniff</a>
   </ul>
 
-  <p>then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to a <a>network error</a>.
+  <p>then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+  <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li>
   <p>If <var>response</var>'s <a for=response>type</a> is "<code>opaque</code>",
   <var>internalResponse</var>'s <a for=response>status</a> is 206, <var>internalResponse</var>'s
   <a for=response>range-requested flag</a> is set, and <var>request</var>'s
   <a for=request>header list</a> does not <a for="header list">contain</a> `<code>Range</code>`,
-  then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to a <a>network error</a>.
+  then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to the result of
+  <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
   <div class=note>
    <p>Traditionally, APIs accept a ranged response even if a range was not requested. This prevents
@@ -4173,7 +4188,8 @@ steps:
   <a for=header>name</a> is `<code>Content-Type</code>` and <a for=header>value</a> is
   `<code>text/html;charset=utf-8</code>`, and <a for=response>body</a> is the empty byte sequence.
 
-  <p>Otherwise, return a <a>network error</a>.
+  <p>Otherwise, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a>
+  given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
   <p class="note no-backref"><a for=/>URLs</a> such as "<code>about:config</code>" are handled
   during <a lt=navigate>navigation</a> and result in a <a>network error</a> in the context of
@@ -4191,7 +4207,9 @@ steps:
 
      <li>
       <p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>method</a> is not `<code>GET</code>` or
-      <var>blob</var> is not a {{Blob}} object, then return a <a>network error</a>. [[!FILEAPI]]
+      <var>blob</var> is not a {{Blob}} object, then return the result of
+      <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
+      [[!FILEAPI]]
 
       <p class=note>The `<code>GET</code>` <a for=/>method</a> restriction serves no useful purpose
       other than being interoperable.
@@ -4226,9 +4244,12 @@ steps:
     <ol>
      <li><p>Let <var>aborted</var> be the termination's aborted flag.
 
-     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+     <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-     <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+     <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
   </ol>
 
@@ -4238,7 +4259,8 @@ steps:
    <li><p>Let <var>dataURLStruct</var> be the result of running the
    <a><code>data:</code> URL processor</a> on <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>current URL</a>.
 
-   <li><p>If <var>dataURLStruct</var> is failure, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <li><p>If <var>dataURLStruct</var> is failure, then return the result of
+   <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>..
 
    <li><p>Return a <a for=/>response</a> whose <a for=response>status message</a> is
    `<code>OK</code>`, <a for=response>header list</a> consist of a single <a for=/>header</a> whose
@@ -4253,14 +4275,16 @@ steps:
   <p>For now, unfortunate as it is, <code>file</code> <a for=/>URLs</a> are left as an exercise for
   the reader.
 
-  <p>When in doubt, return a <a>network error</a>.
+  <p>When in doubt, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+ <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <dt><a>HTTP(S) scheme</a>
  <dd>
   <p>Return the result of running <a>HTTP fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <dt>Otherwise
- <dd><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+ <dd><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+ <var>fetchParams</var>.
 </dl>
 
 
@@ -4361,7 +4385,8 @@ these steps:
        <var>response</var>'s <a for=response>URL list</a> has more than one item.
       </ul>
 
-      <p>then return a <a>network error</a>.
+      <p>then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+      <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
   </ol>
 
@@ -4500,13 +4525,16 @@ run these steps:
 
  <li><p>If <var>locationURL</var> is null, then return <var>response</var>.
 
- <li><p>If <var>locationURL</var> is failure, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+ <li><p>If <var>locationURL</var> is failure, then return the result of
+ <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li><p>If <var>locationURL</var>'s <a for=url>scheme</a> is not an <a>HTTP(S) scheme</a>, then
- return a <a>network error</a>.
+ return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+ <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>redirect count</a> is
- twenty, return a <a>network error</a>.
+ twenty, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+ <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li><p>Increase <var>request</var>'s
  <a for=request>redirect count</a> by one.
@@ -4514,17 +4542,20 @@ run these steps:
  <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>mode</a> is "<code>cors</code>",
  <var>locationURL</var> <a>includes credentials</a>, and <var>request</var>'s
  <a for=request>origin</a> is not <a>same origin</a> with <var>locationURL</var>'s
- <a for=url>origin</a>, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+ <a for=url>origin</a>, then the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+ <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li>
   <p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>" and
-  <var>locationURL</var> <a>includes credentials</a>, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+  <var>locationURL</var> <a>includes credentials</a>, then return the result of
+  <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
   <p class=note>This catches a cross-origin resource redirecting to a same-origin URL.
 
  <li><p>If <var>actualResponse</var>'s <a for=response>status</a> is not 303, <var>request</var>'s
  <a for=request>body</a> is non-null, and <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a>'s
- <a for=body>source</a> is null, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+ <a for=body>source</a> is null, then return the result of
+ <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
  <li><p>If <var>locationURL</var>'s <a for=url>origin</a> is not <a>same origin</a> with
  <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>current URL</a>'s <a for=url>origin</a> and
@@ -4718,7 +4749,8 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
       </ol>
 
      <li><p>If the sum of <var>contentLength</var> and <var>inflightKeepaliveBytes</var> is greater
-     than 64 kibibytes, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+     than 64 kibibytes, then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+     <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
 
     <p class="note no-backref">The above limit ensures that requests that are allowed to outlive the
@@ -4964,9 +4996,12 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
   <ol>
    <li><p>Let <var>aborted</var> be the termination's aborted flag.
 
-   <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+   <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+   <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-   <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
   </ol>
 
  <!-- If response is still null, we require a forwarded request. -->
@@ -4975,7 +5010,8 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
 
   <ol>
    <li><p>If <var>httpRequest</var>'s <a for=request>cache mode</a> is
-   "<code>only-if-cached</code>", then return a <a>network error</a>.
+   "<code>only-if-cached</code>", then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+   <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li><p>Let <var>forwardResponse</var> be the result of running <a>HTTP-network fetch</a> given
    <var>httpFetchParams</var>, <var>includeCredentials</var>, and <var>isNewConnectionFetch</var>.
@@ -5048,7 +5084,8 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
 
     <ol>
      <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a>'s <a for=body>source</a> is null,
-     then return a <a>network error</a>.
+     then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
      <li><p>Set <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a> to the first return value of
      <a for=BodyInit>safely extracting</a> <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a>'s
@@ -5066,9 +5103,12 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
       <ol>
        <li><p>Let <var>aborted</var> be the termination's aborted flag.
 
-       <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+       <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+       <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+       <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-       <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+       <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+       <var>fetchParams</var>.
       </ol>
 
      <li><p>Let <var>username</var> and <var>password</var> be the result of prompting the end user
@@ -5091,7 +5131,8 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
 
   <ol>
    <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>window</a> is
-   "<code>no-window</code>", then return a <a>network error</a>.
+   "<code>no-window</code>", then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+   <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li class=XXX><p>Needs testing: multiple `<code>Proxy-Authenticate</code>` headers, missing,
    parsing issues.
@@ -5102,9 +5143,12 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
     <ol>
      <li><p>Let <var>aborted</var> be the termination's aborted flag.
 
-     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+     <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-     <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+     <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
 
    <li>
@@ -5140,9 +5184,12 @@ steps. They return a <a for=/>response</a>.
     <ol>
      <li><p>Let <var>aborted</var> be the termination's aborted flag.
 
-     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+     <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+     <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-     <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+     <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+     <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
 
    <li><p>Set <var>response</var> to the result of running <a>HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given
@@ -5203,7 +5250,8 @@ optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps:
   <p>Run these steps, but <a>abort when</a> the ongoing fetch is <a for=fetch>terminated</a>:
 
   <ol>
-   <li><p>If <var>connection</var> is failure, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <li><p>If <var>connection</var> is failure, then return the result of
+   <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li><p>Set <var>timingInfo</var>'s <a for="fetch timing info">final connection timing info</a> to
    the result of calling <a>clamp and coarsen connection timing info</a> with
@@ -5234,7 +5282,8 @@ optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps:
       buffer of up to 64 kibibytes and store a part of <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a>
       in that buffer. If the user agent reads from <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a>
       beyond that buffer's size and the user agent needs to resend <var>request</var>, then instead
-      return a <a>network error</a>.
+      return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+      <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
       <div class=note>
        <p>The resending is needed when the connection is timed out, for example.
@@ -5272,7 +5321,8 @@ optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps:
 
     <p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>header list</a> contains
     `<code>Transfer-Encoding</code>`/`<code>chunked</code>` and <var>response</var> is transferred
-    via HTTP/1.0 or older, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+    via HTTP/1.0 or older, then return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+    <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
     <p>If the HTTP request results in a TLS client certificate dialog, then:
 
@@ -5282,7 +5332,8 @@ optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps:
      available in <var>request</var>'s
      <a for=request>window</a>.
 
-     <li><p>Otherwise, return a <a>network error</a>.
+     <li><p>Otherwise, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+     <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
     </ol>
 
     <p>To transmit <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>body</a> <var>body</var>, run these steps:
@@ -5352,9 +5403,12 @@ optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps:
 
    <li><p>If <var>connection</var> uses HTTP/2, then transmit an <code>RST_STREAM</code> frame.
 
-   <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return an <a>aborted network error</a>.
+   <li><p>If <var>aborted</var> is set, then return the result of
+   <a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>aborted network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
-   <li><p>Return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <li><p>Return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
   </ol>
 
  <li><p>Let <var>pullAlgorithm</var> be an action that <a lt=resumed for=fetch>resumes</a> the
@@ -5588,7 +5642,8 @@ number of these <a lt="CORS-preflight fetch">fetches</a>.
    <a for=response>header list</a>.
 
    <li><p>If either <var>methods</var> or <var>headerNames</var> is failure,
-   return a <a>network error</a>.
+   return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li>
     <p>If <var>methods</var> is null and <var>request</var>'s <a>use-CORS-preflight flag</a>
@@ -5602,19 +5657,22 @@ number of these <a lt="CORS-preflight fetch">fetches</a>.
    <li><p>If <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>method</a> is not in <var>methods</var>,
    <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>method</a> is not a <a>CORS-safelisted method</a>, and
    <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" or
-   <var>methods</var> does not contain `<code>*</code>`, then return a <a>network error</a>.
+   <var>methods</var> does not contain `<code>*</code>`, then return the result of
+   <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li><p>If one of <var>request</var>'s <a for=request>header list</a>'s
    <a lt=name for=header>names</a> is a <a>CORS non-wildcard request-header name</a> and is not a
    <a>byte-case-insensitive</a> match for an <a for=list>item</a> in <var>headerNames</var>, then
-   return a <a>network error</a>.
+   return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a> given
+   <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li><p><a for=list>For each</a> <var>unsafeName</var> in the
    <a>CORS-unsafe request-header names</a> with <var>request</var>'s
    <a for=request>header list</a>, if <var>unsafeName</var> is not a <a>byte-case-insensitive</a>
    match for an <a for=list>item</a> in <var>headerNames</var> and <var>request</var>'s
    <a for=request>credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" or <var>headerNames</var> does not
-   contain `<code>*</code>`, return a <a>network error</a>.
+   contain `<code>*</code>`, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a
+   <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 
    <li><p>Let <var>max-age</var> be the result of <a>extracting header list values</a> given
    `<a http-header><code>Access-Control-Max-Age</code></a>` and <var>response</var>'s
@@ -5647,7 +5705,8 @@ number of these <a lt="CORS-preflight fetch">fetches</a>.
    <li><p>Return <var>response</var>.
   </ol>
 
- <li><p>Otherwise, return a <a>network error</a>.
+ <li><p>Otherwise, return the result of <a for="network error">creating</a> a <a>network error</a>
+ given <var>fetchParams</var>.
 </ol>
 
 
@@ -7270,7 +7329,8 @@ constructor steps are:
 </ol>
 
 <p>The static <dfn method for=Response><code>error()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the
-result of <a for=Response>creating</a> a {{Response}} object, given a new <a>network error</a>,
+result of <a for=Response>creating</a> a {{Response}} object, given the result of
+<a for="network error">creating</a> an <a>network error</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>,
 "<code>immutable</code>", and <a>this</a>'s <a>relevant Realm</a>.
 
 <p>The static
@@ -7422,8 +7482,14 @@ method steps are:
    with <var>p</var>, <var>request</var>, and <var>responseObject</var>, and terminate these
    substeps.
 
-   <li><p>If <var>response</var> is a <a>network error</a>, then <a for=/>reject</a> <var>p</var>
-   with a {{TypeError}} and terminate these substeps.
+   <li><p>If <var>response</var> is a <a>network error</a>, then:
+   <ol>
+    <li><p><a for=/>Reject</a> <var>p</var> with a {{TypeError}}.
+
+    <li><p>Call <var>handleFetchDone</p> with <var>response</var>.
+
+    <li><p>terminate these substeps.
+   </ol>
 
    <li><p>Set <var>responseObject</var> to the result of <a for=Response>creating</a> a {{Response}}
    object, given <var>response</var>, "<code>immutable</code>", and <var>relevantRealm</var>.