Improve error messaging for unavailable source/cache

[denelon]

Experiencing this issue now. Found the root cause to be that https://winget.azureedge.net/cache/source.msix is returning a 404 error. A 404 error should be communicated to the user in a more direct way than a generic "data is missing" message.

Edit - additional info:

Windows Package Manager v1.1.13405
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Windows: Windows.Desktop v10.0.22000.348
Package: Microsoft.DesktopAppInstaller v1.16.13405.0

Edit 2 - https://winget.azureedge.net/cache/source.msix is no longer returning a 404 error, and winget functionality is restored on my system. Probably a temporary issue server-side. Should still be better communicated to the end user.

Originally posted by @NPittinger in #1348 (comment)

[jpluimers]

In addition to the error message, also consider the logging as I had a really hard time out finding the information to solve Need help trying to figure out what domains/IPs to whitelist for installing packages · Discussion #2304 · microsoft/winget-cli.

Basically both the error message 0x8a15000f : Data required by the source is missing and the logging WindowsPackageManager.dll!00007FF92ED457C2: ReturnHr(1) tid(1734) 80072EFD Msg:[winrt::hresult_error: Kan geen verbinding met de server maken.] are very unhelpful as they do not indicate what they are trying to download.

So please at least:

1. add a reference to https://winget.azureedge.net/cache/source.msix in both the error message and the logging
2. ensure that the logging also contains 0x8a15000f : Data required by the source is missing (currently this is only in the error message but not in the logging so it is hard to correlate what happens when in the logging with the error message).

Thanks!

[Trenly]

[Policy] Area-Output