diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index d1c202c8bde8e..49cf820b39ac1 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -3581,7 +3581,32 @@ namespace ts {
                         // An override clause will take effect for type-only imports and import types, and allows importing the types across formats, regardless of
                         // normal mode restrictions
                         if (isSyncImport && sourceFile.impliedNodeFormat === ModuleKind.ESNext && !getResolutionModeOverrideForClause(overrideClause)) {
-                            error(errorNode, Diagnostics.Module_0_cannot_be_imported_using_this_construct_The_specifier_only_resolves_to_an_ES_module_which_cannot_be_imported_synchronously_Use_dynamic_import_instead, moduleReference);
+                            if (findAncestor(location, isImportEqualsDeclaration)) {
+                                // ImportEquals in a ESM file resolving to another ESM file
+                                error(errorNode, Diagnostics.Module_0_cannot_be_imported_using_this_construct_The_specifier_only_resolves_to_an_ES_module_which_cannot_be_imported_with_require_Use_an_ECMAScript_import_instead, moduleReference);
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                // CJS file resolving to an ESM file
+                                const diag = error(errorNode, Diagnostics.The_current_file_is_a_CommonJS_module_whose_imports_will_produce_require_calls_however_the_referenced_file_is_an_ECMAScript_module_and_cannot_be_imported_with_require_Consider_writing_a_dynamic_import_0_call_instead, moduleReference);
+                                const ext = tryGetExtensionFromPath(currentSourceFile.fileName);
+                                if (ext === Extension.Ts || ext === Extension.Js) {
+                                    const scope = host.getPackageScopeForPath(currentSourceFile.path);
+                                    const targetExt = ext === Extension.Ts ? Extension.Mts : Extension.Mjs;
+                                    if (scope && !scope.packageJsonContent.type) {
+                                        addRelatedInfo(diag, createDiagnosticForNode(
+                                            errorNode,
+                                            Diagnostics.To_convert_this_file_to_an_ECMAScript_module_change_its_file_extension_to_0_or_add_type_Colon_module_to_its_package_json_file_with_path_1,
+                                            targetExt,
+                                            combinePaths(scope.packageDirectory, "package.json")));
+                                    }
+                                    else {
+                                        addRelatedInfo(diag, createDiagnosticForNode(
+                                            errorNode,
+                                            Diagnostics.To_convert_this_file_to_an_ECMAScript_module_change_its_file_extension_to_0,
+                                            targetExt));
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                     // merged symbol is module declaration symbol combined with all augmentations
diff --git a/src/compiler/diagnosticMessages.json b/src/compiler/diagnosticMessages.json
index dc22ff2b4b7e3..6f6a2dfa41aed 100644
--- a/src/compiler/diagnosticMessages.json
+++ b/src/compiler/diagnosticMessages.json
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@
         "category": "Error",
         "code": 1470
     },
-    "Module '{0}' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.": {
+    "Module '{0}' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.": {
         "category": "Error",
         "code": 1471
     },
@@ -1501,6 +1501,18 @@
         "category": "Error",
         "code": 1478
     },
+    "The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import(\"{0}\")' call instead.": {
+        "category": "Error",
+        "code": 1479
+    },
+    "To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '{0}'.": {
+        "category": "Message",
+        "code": 1480
+    },
+    "To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '{0}', or add `\"type\": \"module\"` to its package.json file with path '{1}'.": {
+        "category": "Message",
+        "code": 1481
+    },
 
     "The types of '{0}' are incompatible between these types.": {
         "category": "Error",
diff --git a/src/compiler/moduleNameResolver.ts b/src/compiler/moduleNameResolver.ts
index 68780ef26aab3..580e2260dd84c 100644
--- a/src/compiler/moduleNameResolver.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/moduleNameResolver.ts
@@ -1790,7 +1790,7 @@ namespace ts {
     }
 
     /*@internal*/
-    interface PackageJsonInfo {
+    export interface PackageJsonInfo {
         packageDirectory: string;
         packageJsonContent: PackageJsonPathFields;
         versionPaths: VersionPaths | undefined;
diff --git a/src/compiler/program.ts b/src/compiler/program.ts
index 43561a8ab70ad..beec3347408fa 100644
--- a/src/compiler/program.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/program.ts
@@ -1325,6 +1325,7 @@ namespace ts {
             directoryExists,
             getSymlinkCache,
             realpath: host.realpath?.bind(host),
+            getPackageScopeForPath: path => getPackageScopeForPath(path, moduleResolutionCache?.getPackageJsonInfoCache(), host, options),
             useCaseSensitiveFileNames: () => host.useCaseSensitiveFileNames(),
             getFileIncludeReasons: () => fileReasons,
             structureIsReused,
diff --git a/src/compiler/types.ts b/src/compiler/types.ts
index f93f36c369157..bf04ed84ce838 100644
--- a/src/compiler/types.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/types.ts
@@ -4353,6 +4353,7 @@ namespace ts {
         getResolvedTypeReferenceDirectives(): ModeAwareCache<ResolvedTypeReferenceDirective | undefined>;
         getProjectReferenceRedirect(fileName: string): string | undefined;
         isSourceOfProjectReferenceRedirect(fileName: string): boolean;
+        getPackageScopeForPath(path: Path): PackageJsonInfo | undefined;
 
         readonly redirectTargetsMap: RedirectTargetsMap;
     }
diff --git a/src/server/editorServices.ts b/src/server/editorServices.ts
index 6cca27c033587..76c6678e0eb41 100644
--- a/src/server/editorServices.ts
+++ b/src/server/editorServices.ts
@@ -4185,11 +4185,11 @@ namespace ts.server {
         }
 
         /*@internal*/
-        getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly PackageJsonInfo[] {
+        getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] {
             const packageJsonCache = this.packageJsonCache;
             const rootPath = rootDir && this.toPath(rootDir);
             const filePath = this.toPath(fileName);
-            const result: PackageJsonInfo[] = [];
+            const result: ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] = [];
             const processDirectory = (directory: Path): boolean | undefined => {
                 switch (packageJsonCache.directoryHasPackageJson(directory)) {
                     // Sync and check same directory again
diff --git a/src/server/packageJsonCache.ts b/src/server/packageJsonCache.ts
index 3aa6129430a53..5c88fb9334dd5 100644
--- a/src/server/packageJsonCache.ts
+++ b/src/server/packageJsonCache.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@
 namespace ts.server {
     export interface PackageJsonCache {
         addOrUpdate(fileName: Path): void;
-        forEach(action: (info: PackageJsonInfo, fileName: Path) => void): void;
+        forEach(action: (info: ProjectPackageJsonInfo, fileName: Path) => void): void;
         delete(fileName: Path): void;
-        get(fileName: Path): PackageJsonInfo | false | undefined;
-        getInDirectory(directory: Path): PackageJsonInfo | undefined;
+        get(fileName: Path): ProjectPackageJsonInfo | false | undefined;
+        getInDirectory(directory: Path): ProjectPackageJsonInfo | undefined;
         directoryHasPackageJson(directory: Path): Ternary;
         searchDirectoryAndAncestors(directory: Path): void;
     }
 
     export function createPackageJsonCache(host: ProjectService): PackageJsonCache {
-        const packageJsons = new Map<string, PackageJsonInfo>();
+        const packageJsons = new Map<string, ProjectPackageJsonInfo>();
         const directoriesWithoutPackageJson = new Map<string, true>();
         return {
             addOrUpdate,
diff --git a/src/server/project.ts b/src/server/project.ts
index 3ee83ea4c8cd0..c951325acfa05 100644
--- a/src/server/project.ts
+++ b/src/server/project.ts
@@ -1751,7 +1751,7 @@ namespace ts.server {
         }
 
         /*@internal*/
-        getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly PackageJsonInfo[] {
+        getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] {
             if (this.projectService.serverMode !== LanguageServiceMode.Semantic) return emptyArray;
             return this.projectService.getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName, rootDir);
         }
@@ -1762,7 +1762,7 @@ namespace ts.server {
         }
 
         /*@internal*/
-        getPackageJsonsForAutoImport(rootDir?: string): readonly PackageJsonInfo[] {
+        getPackageJsonsForAutoImport(rootDir?: string): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] {
             const packageJsons = this.getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(combinePaths(this.currentDirectory, inferredTypesContainingFile), rootDir);
             this.packageJsonsForAutoImport = new Set(packageJsons.map(p => p.fileName));
             return packageJsons;
diff --git a/src/services/types.ts b/src/services/types.ts
index b9015a736d430..15dd049554aa7 100644
--- a/src/services/types.ts
+++ b/src/services/types.ts
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ namespace ts {
     }
 
     /* @internal */
-    export interface PackageJsonInfo {
+    export interface ProjectPackageJsonInfo {
         fileName: string;
         parseable: boolean;
         dependencies?: ESMap<string, string>;
@@ -311,9 +311,9 @@ namespace ts {
 
         /* @internal */ getDocumentPositionMapper?(generatedFileName: string, sourceFileName?: string): DocumentPositionMapper | undefined;
         /* @internal */ getSourceFileLike?(fileName: string): SourceFileLike | undefined;
-        /* @internal */ getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile?(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly PackageJsonInfo[];
+        /* @internal */ getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile?(fileName: string, rootDir?: string): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[];
         /* @internal */ getNearestAncestorDirectoryWithPackageJson?(fileName: string): string | undefined;
-        /* @internal */ getPackageJsonsForAutoImport?(rootDir?: string): readonly PackageJsonInfo[];
+        /* @internal */ getPackageJsonsForAutoImport?(rootDir?: string): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[];
         /* @internal */ getCachedExportInfoMap?(): ExportInfoMap;
         /* @internal */ getModuleSpecifierCache?(): ModuleSpecifierCache;
         /* @internal */ setCompilerHost?(host: CompilerHost): void;
diff --git a/src/services/utilities.ts b/src/services/utilities.ts
index 4d42deb27cff8..a3676d4ae11d6 100644
--- a/src/services/utilities.ts
+++ b/src/services/utilities.ts
@@ -3004,12 +3004,12 @@ namespace ts {
         return packageJson;
     }
 
-    export function getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, host: LanguageServiceHost): readonly PackageJsonInfo[] {
+    export function getPackageJsonsVisibleToFile(fileName: string, host: LanguageServiceHost): readonly ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] {
         if (!host.fileExists) {
             return [];
         }
 
-        const packageJsons: PackageJsonInfo[] = [];
+        const packageJsons: ProjectPackageJsonInfo[] = [];
         forEachAncestorDirectory(getDirectoryPath(fileName), ancestor => {
             const packageJsonFileName = combinePaths(ancestor, "package.json");
             if (host.fileExists(packageJsonFileName)) {
@@ -3023,7 +3023,7 @@ namespace ts {
         return packageJsons;
     }
 
-    export function createPackageJsonInfo(fileName: string, host: { readFile?(fileName: string): string | undefined }): PackageJsonInfo | undefined {
+    export function createPackageJsonInfo(fileName: string, host: { readFile?(fileName: string): string | undefined }): ProjectPackageJsonInfo | undefined {
         if (!host.readFile) {
             return undefined;
         }
@@ -3032,7 +3032,7 @@ namespace ts {
         const dependencyKeys = ["dependencies", "devDependencies", "optionalDependencies", "peerDependencies"] as const;
         const stringContent = host.readFile(fileName) || "";
         const content = tryParseJson(stringContent) as PackageJsonRaw | undefined;
-        const info: Pick<PackageJsonInfo, typeof dependencyKeys[number]> = {};
+        const info: Pick<ProjectPackageJsonInfo, typeof dependencyKeys[number]> = {};
         if (content) {
             for (const key of dependencyKeys) {
                 const dependencies = content[key];
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
index 42a324dadf666..45e5c345de24c 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'pack
     // esm format file
     import * as self from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 42a324dadf666..45e5c345de24c 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeAllowJsPackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'pack
     // esm format file
     import * as self from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=node16).errors.txt
index e8bcd1c06a711..fdadf6a8f5c13 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,21): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,21): error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(6,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(11,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(12,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(15,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(16,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(23,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(24,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(25,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(6,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(11,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(12,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(15,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(16,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(23,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(24,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(25,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(75,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(76,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(77,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(21,22): error TS2835: Relative import pat
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(22,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(21,22): error TS2835: Relative import path
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(22,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -191,10 +191,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -203,13 +203,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -264,35 +264,35 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // ESM-format imports below should issue errors
     import * as m1 from "./index.js";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m2 from "./index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m3 from "./index.cjs";
     import * as m4 from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import * as m5 from "./subfolder/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m6 from "./subfolder/index.cjs";
     import * as m7 from "./subfolder2/index.js";
     import * as m8 from "./subfolder2/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m9 from "./subfolder2/index.cjs";
     import * as m10 from "./subfolder2/another/index.js";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m11 from "./subfolder2/another/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m12 from "./subfolder2/another/index.cjs";
     // The next ones should _mostly_ work - cjs format files have index resolution and extension resolution (except for those which resolve to an esm format file)
     import * as m13 from "./";
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
     import * as m14 from "./index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
     import * as m15 from "./subfolder";
     import * as m16 from "./subfolder/";
     import * as m17 from "./subfolder/index";
@@ -301,13 +301,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import * as m20 from "./subfolder2/index";
     import * as m21 from "./subfolder2/another";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
     import * as m22 from "./subfolder2/another/";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
     import * as m23 from "./subfolder2/another/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
     void m1;
     void m2;
     void m3;
@@ -335,10 +335,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -347,13 +347,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -477,10 +477,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -489,13 +489,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index e8bcd1c06a711..fdadf6a8f5c13 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModules1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,21): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,21): error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(6,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(11,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(12,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(15,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(16,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(23,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(24,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(25,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(6,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(11,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(12,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(15,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(16,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(23,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(24,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(25,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(75,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(76,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(77,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(21,22): error TS2835: Relative import pat
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(22,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(21,22): error TS2835: Relative import path
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(22,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -191,10 +191,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -203,13 +203,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -264,35 +264,35 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // ESM-format imports below should issue errors
     import * as m1 from "./index.js";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m2 from "./index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m3 from "./index.cjs";
     import * as m4 from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import * as m5 from "./subfolder/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m6 from "./subfolder/index.cjs";
     import * as m7 from "./subfolder2/index.js";
     import * as m8 from "./subfolder2/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m9 from "./subfolder2/index.cjs";
     import * as m10 from "./subfolder2/another/index.js";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m11 from "./subfolder2/another/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m12 from "./subfolder2/another/index.cjs";
     // The next ones should _mostly_ work - cjs format files have index resolution and extension resolution (except for those which resolve to an esm format file)
     import * as m13 from "./";
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
     import * as m14 from "./index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
     import * as m15 from "./subfolder";
     import * as m16 from "./subfolder/";
     import * as m17 from "./subfolder/index";
@@ -301,13 +301,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import * as m20 from "./subfolder2/index";
     import * as m21 from "./subfolder2/another";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
     import * as m22 from "./subfolder2/another/";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
     import * as m23 from "./subfolder2/another/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
     void m1;
     void m2;
     void m3;
@@ -335,10 +335,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -347,13 +347,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -477,10 +477,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     // These should _mostly_ work - `import = require` always desugars to require calls, which do have extension and index resolution (but can't load anything that resolves to esm!)
     import m24 = require("./");
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     import m27 = require("./subfolder/");
     import m28 = require("./subfolder/index");
@@ -489,13 +489,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(84,21): error TS2835: Relative import path
     import m31 = require("./subfolder2/index");
     import m32 = require("./subfolder2/another");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=node16).errors.txt
index 83c4abe3350ae..58a2647d59cc8 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,21): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,21): error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(6,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(11,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(12,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(15,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(16,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(23,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(24,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(25,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(6,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(11,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(12,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(15,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(16,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(23,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(24,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(25,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ...
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(75,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(76,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(77,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(22,22): error TS2834: Relative imp
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(22,22): error TS2834: Relative im
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -96,11 +96,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ...
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -226,12 +226,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -254,17 +254,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -318,35 +318,35 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     // ESM-format imports below should issue errors
     import * as m1 from "./index.js";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m2 from "./index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m3 from "./index.cjs";
     import * as m4 from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import * as m5 from "./subfolder/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m6 from "./subfolder/index.cjs";
     import * as m7 from "./subfolder2/index.js";
     import * as m8 from "./subfolder2/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m9 from "./subfolder2/index.cjs";
     import * as m10 from "./subfolder2/another/index.js";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m11 from "./subfolder2/another/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m12 from "./subfolder2/another/index.cjs";
     // The next ones should _mostly_ work - cjs format files have index resolution and extension resolution (except for those which resolve to an esm format file)
     import * as m13 from "./";
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
     import * as m14 from "./index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
     import * as m15 from "./subfolder";
     import * as m16 from "./subfolder/";
     import * as m17 from "./subfolder/index";
@@ -355,13 +355,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     import * as m20 from "./subfolder2/index";
     import * as m21 from "./subfolder2/another";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
     import * as m22 from "./subfolder2/another/";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
     import * as m23 from "./subfolder2/another/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
     void m1;
     void m2;
     void m3;
@@ -391,12 +391,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -419,17 +419,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -555,12 +555,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -583,17 +583,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 83c4abe3350ae..58a2647d59cc8 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJs1(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,21): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,21): error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(6,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,21): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(11,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(12,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(15,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(16,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(23,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(24,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(25,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(2,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(6,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,21): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(11,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(12,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(15,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(16,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(23,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(24,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(25,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(52,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ...
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(61,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(75,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(76,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(77,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(22,22): error TS2834: Relative imp
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(22,22): error TS2834: Relative im
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(23,22): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(24,22): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './subfolder2/another/index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(50,22): error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(51,22): error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(52,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(53,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(54,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -96,11 +96,11 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(55,1): error TS8002: 'import ...
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(56,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(57,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(58,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(59,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(60,22): error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(74,21): error TS2307: Cannot find module './' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(75,21): error TS2835: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Did you mean './index.mjs'?
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(76,21): error TS2834: Relative import paths need explicit file extensions in EcmaScript imports when '--moduleResolution' is 'node16' or 'nodenext'. Consider adding an extension to the import path.
@@ -226,12 +226,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -254,17 +254,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -318,35 +318,35 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     // ESM-format imports below should issue errors
     import * as m1 from "./index.js";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m2 from "./index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m3 from "./index.cjs";
     import * as m4 from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import * as m5 from "./subfolder/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m6 from "./subfolder/index.cjs";
     import * as m7 from "./subfolder2/index.js";
     import * as m8 from "./subfolder2/index.mjs";
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m9 from "./subfolder2/index.cjs";
     import * as m10 from "./subfolder2/another/index.js";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.js")' call instead.
     import * as m11 from "./subfolder2/another/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as m12 from "./subfolder2/another/index.cjs";
     // The next ones should _mostly_ work - cjs format files have index resolution and extension resolution (except for those which resolve to an esm format file)
     import * as m13 from "./";
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./")' call instead.
     import * as m14 from "./index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./index")' call instead.
     import * as m15 from "./subfolder";
     import * as m16 from "./subfolder/";
     import * as m17 from "./subfolder/index";
@@ -355,13 +355,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     import * as m20 from "./subfolder2/index";
     import * as m21 from "./subfolder2/another";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another")' call instead.
     import * as m22 from "./subfolder2/another/";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/")' call instead.
     import * as m23 from "./subfolder2/another/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./subfolder2/another/index")' call instead.
     void m1;
     void m2;
     void m3;
@@ -391,12 +391,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -419,17 +419,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
@@ -555,12 +555,12 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m25 = require("./index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m26 = require("./subfolder");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
@@ -583,17 +583,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.mjs(84,21): error TS2835: Relative im
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m33 = require("./subfolder2/another/");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import m34 = require("./subfolder2/another/index");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './subfolder2/another/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     void m24;
     void m25;
     void m26;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 904a471431877..f5b871b32e754 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 904a471431877..f5b871b32e754 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 63e7af6ada0ac..376e4a9483b5e 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 63e7af6ada0ac..376e4a9483b5e 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
index ffbcbe24e9973..3f5cb24b8ba83 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2210: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve import map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2210: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve import map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#typ
     import * as cjs from "#cjs";
     import * as mjs from "#mjs";
                          ~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "#type";
                           ~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index ffbcbe24e9973..3f5cb24b8ba83 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2210: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve import map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2210: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve import map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#typ
     import * as cjs from "#cjs";
     import * as mjs from "#mjs";
                          ~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "#type";
                           ~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 0f1999477226b..9472951c04273 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 0f1999477226b..9472951c04273 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
index b989016f16abe..ab754b119d842 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index.js";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index b989016f16abe..ab754b119d842 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.cjs(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index.js";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
index c722192e6704e..7f392d707f582 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(2,17): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(2,17): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 
 
@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'imp
     // cjs format file
     import {h} from "../index.js";
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js:2:17: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mjs'.
     import mod = require("../index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f as _f} from "./index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'imp
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f} from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./subfolder/index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index c722192e6704e..7f392d707f582 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesAllowJsSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(2,17): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(2,17): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
 
 
@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'imp
     // cjs format file
     import {h} from "../index.js";
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js:2:17: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mjs'.
     import mod = require("../index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f as _f} from "./index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/allowJs/subfolder/index.js(5,1): error TS8002: 'imp
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS8002: 'import ... =' can only be used in TypeScript files.
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f} from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./subfolder/index.js");
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..1b1e9d293be30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/ctsExtension.cts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/jsExtension.js(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/tsExtension.ts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+
+
+==== /package.json (0 errors) ====
+    {}
+    
+==== /module.mts (0 errors) ====
+    export {};
+    
+==== /tsExtension.ts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1481 /tsExtension.ts:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts', or add `"type": "module"` to its package.json file with path '/package.json'.
+    
+==== /jsExtension.js (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1481 /jsExtension.js:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mjs', or add `"type": "module"` to its package.json file with path '/package.json'.
+    
+==== /ctsExtension.cts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..253c8c1c6fc59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/ctsExtension.cts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/jsExtension.js(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/tsExtension.ts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+
+
+==== /package.json (0 errors) ====
+    { "type": "commonjs" }
+    
+==== /module.mts (0 errors) ====
+    export {};
+    
+==== /tsExtension.ts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 /tsExtension.ts:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+    
+==== /jsExtension.js (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 /jsExtension.js:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mjs'.
+    
+==== /ctsExtension.cts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..1af3c1d8ed4e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/ctsExtension.cts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+
+
+==== /package.json (0 errors) ====
+    { "type": "module" }
+    
+==== /module.mts (0 errors) ====
+    export {};
+    
+==== /tsExtension.ts (0 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+    
+==== /jsExtension.js (0 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+    
+==== /ctsExtension.cts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..03acd9f308d40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/ctsExtension.cts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/jsExtension.js(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+/tsExtension.ts(1,16): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+
+
+==== /module.mts (0 errors) ====
+    export {};
+    
+==== /tsExtension.ts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 /tsExtension.ts:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+    
+==== /jsExtension.js (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 /jsExtension.js:1:16: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mjs'.
+    
+==== /ctsExtension.cts (1 errors) ====
+    import {} from "./module.mjs";
+                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("./module.mjs")' call instead.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 793f3f03da25d..86b9f2304df77 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303:
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 793f3f03da25d..86b9f2304df77 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesConditionalPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303:
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 4ee7f3c4cef3d..d31427a694d02 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
 
 
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     export const a = cjs;
     export const b = mjs;
     export const c = type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     export const d = cjsi;
     export const e = mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     cjs;
     ~~~
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     cjs;
     ~~~
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 4ee7f3c4cef3d..d31427a694d02 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesDeclarationEmitWithPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.mts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: Statements are not allowed in ambient contexts.
 
 
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     export const a = cjs;
     export const b = mjs;
     export const c = type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     export const d = cjsi;
     export const e = mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     cjs;
     ~~~
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(5,1): error TS1036: S
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     cjs;
     ~~~
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 8f7452ffa72aa..deca8a067190c 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 8f7452ffa72aa..deca8a067190c 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 !!! error TS2209: The project root is ambiguous, but is required to resolve export map entry '.' in file 'tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json'. Supply the `rootDir` compiler option to disambiguate.
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "package/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "package/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
index cc174f1eb7e26..64b8cd72b3a2a 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' canno
     import * as cjs from "#cjs";
     import * as mjs from "#mjs";
                          ~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "#type";
                           ~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index cc174f1eb7e26..64b8cd72b3a2a 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackageImports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,23): error TS1471: Module '#type' canno
     import * as cjs from "#cjs";
     import * as mjs from "#mjs";
                          ~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "#type";
                           ~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '#type' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("#type")' call instead.
     cjs;
     mjs;
     type;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
index 0dc3774d5ef60..91d984d5e8f22 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 0dc3774d5ef60..91d984d5e8f22 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExports(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=node16).errors.txt
index 863b455cf4796..5239d2aee995d 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,24): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,24): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,24): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(2,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(3,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(4,24): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.mts(4,23): error
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(2,22): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(4,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (3 errors) ====
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi2 from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi2 from "inner/mjs/index";
                            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei2 from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi2;
     mjsi2;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 863b455cf4796..5239d2aee995d 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsExclude(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(4,24): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,24): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(9,24): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(2,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(3,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/index.mts(4,24): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.mts(4,23): error
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(2,22): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/cjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/mjs/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/exclude/index.d.ts(4,23): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'inner/js/exclude/index' or its corresponding type declarations.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (3 errors) ====
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi2 from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjsi2 from "inner/mjs/index";
                            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as typei2 from "inner/js/index";
     cjsi2;
     mjsi2;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
index 9aa041ab4186a..e9566d8bf5513 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index.js";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 9aa041ab4186a..e9566d8bf5513 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesPackagePatternExportsTrailers(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(3,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.cts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(2,13): error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjsi from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjsi from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as typei from "inner/js/index.js";
     cjsi;
     mjsi;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
 !!! error TS2303: Circular definition of import alias 'cjs'.
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/node_modules/inner/index.d.ts(3,22): error TS1471:
     import * as cjs from "inner/cjs/index.cjs";
     import * as mjs from "inner/mjs/index.mjs";
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'inner/mjs/index.mjs' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("inner/mjs/index.mjs")' call instead.
     import * as type from "inner/js/index.js";
     export { cjs };
     export { mjs };
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
index 012ef390621c9..c126994fc3c04 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(2,17): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(2,17): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts (2 errors) ====
     // cjs format file
     import {h} from "../index.js";
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts:2:17: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
     import mod = require("../index.js");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f as _f} from "./index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./index.js");
     export async function f() {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../
     import {h as _h} from "./index.js";
     import mod = require("./index.js");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f} from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./subfolder/index.js");
     export async function h() {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index 012ef390621c9..c126994fc3c04 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodeModulesSynchronousCallErrors(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(2,17): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
-tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(2,17): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts (2 errors) ====
     // cjs format file
     import {h} from "../index.js";
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("../index.js")' call instead.
+!!! related TS1480 tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts:2:17: To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
     import mod = require("../index.js");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module '../index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f as _f} from "./index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./index.js");
     export async function f() {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/subfolder/index.ts(3,22): error TS1471: Module '../
     import {h as _h} from "./index.js";
     import mod = require("./index.js");
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1471: Module './index.js' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported with 'require'. Use an ECMAScript import instead.
     import {f} from "./subfolder/index.js";
     import mod2 = require("./subfolder/index.js");
     export async function h() {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
index c1573b8f51dd8..bc1836c35c755 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' can
     // esm format file
     import * as self from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index c1573b8f51dd8..bc1836c35c755 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfName(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module 'package' can
     // esm format file
     import * as self from "package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module 'package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=node16).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=node16).errors.txt
index b2a9f313de779..afda2813d6f4d 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=node16).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=node16).errors.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module '@scope/package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("@scope/package")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module '@scope/packa
     // cjs format file
     import * as self from "@scope/package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '@scope/package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("@scope/package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=nodenext).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=nodenext).errors.txt
index b2a9f313de779..afda2813d6f4d 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=nodenext).errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/nodePackageSelfNameScoped(module=nodenext).errors.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module '@scope/package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("@scope/package")' call instead.
 
 
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/index.ts (0 errors) ====
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/node/index.cts(2,23): error TS1471: Module '@scope/packa
     // cjs format file
     import * as self from "@scope/package";
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-!!! error TS1471: Module '@scope/package' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+!!! error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("@scope/package")' call instead.
     self;
 ==== tests/cases/conformance/node/package.json (0 errors) ====
     {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/tsbuildWatch/moduleResolution/resolves-specifier-in-output-declaration-file-from-referenced-project-correctly-with-cts-and-mts-extensions.js b/tests/baselines/reference/tsbuildWatch/moduleResolution/resolves-specifier-in-output-declaration-file-from-referenced-project-correctly-with-cts-and-mts-extensions.js
index d0817d761e764..c4dbd6e97483c 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/tsbuildWatch/moduleResolution/resolves-specifier-in-output-declaration-file-from-referenced-project-correctly-with-cts-and-mts-extensions.js
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/tsbuildWatch/moduleResolution/resolves-specifier-in-output-declaration-file-from-referenced-project-correctly-with-cts-and-mts-extensions.js
@@ -315,12 +315,73 @@ File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg2/build/const.d.cts' exist -
 File '/a/lib/package.json' does not exist.
 File '/a/package.json' does not exist.
 File '/package.json' does not exist.
-packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1471: Module 'pkg2' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
 
 1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
                               ~~~~~~
 
-[12:01:16 AM] Found 1 error. Watching for file changes.
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+[12:01:16 AM] Found 6 errors. Watching for file changes.
 
 
 
@@ -537,12 +598,73 @@ File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg2/build/const.d.cts' exist -
 File '/a/lib/package.json' does not exist.
 File '/a/package.json' does not exist.
 File '/package.json' does not exist.
-packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1471: Module 'pkg2' cannot be imported using this construct. The specifier only resolves to an ES module, which cannot be imported synchronously. Use dynamic import instead.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+File '/user/username/projects/myproject/packages/pkg1/package.json' exists according to earlier cached lookups.
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
 
 1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
                               ~~~~~~
 
-[12:01:34 AM] Found 1 error. Watching for file changes.
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29 - error TS1479: The current file is a CommonJS module whose imports will produce 'require' calls; however, the referenced file is an ECMAScript module and cannot be imported with 'require'. Consider writing a dynamic 'import("pkg2")' call instead.
+
+1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                              ~~~~~~
+
+  packages/pkg1/index.ts:1:29
+    1 import type { TheNum } from 'pkg2'
+                                  ~~~~~~
+    To convert this file to an ECMAScript module, change its file extension to '.mts'.
+
+[12:01:34 AM] Found 6 errors. Watching for file changes.
 
 
 
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..ca68ea6157ffb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM1_emptyPackageJson.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// @noEmit: true
+// @noTypesAndSymbols: true
+// @module: node16
+// @allowJs: true
+// @checkJs: true
+
+// @Filename: /package.json
+{}
+
+// @Filename: /module.mts
+export {};
+
+// @Filename: /tsExtension.ts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /jsExtension.js
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /ctsExtension.cts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e3c9a7e212139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM2_cjsPackageJson.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// @noEmit: true
+// @noTypesAndSymbols: true
+// @module: node16
+// @allowJs: true
+// @checkJs: true
+
+// @Filename: /package.json
+{ "type": "commonjs" }
+
+// @Filename: /module.mts
+export {};
+
+// @Filename: /tsExtension.ts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /jsExtension.js
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /ctsExtension.cts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..261c620516ff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM3_modulePackageJson.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// @noEmit: true
+// @noTypesAndSymbols: true
+// @module: node16
+// @allowJs: true
+// @checkJs: true
+
+// @Filename: /package.json
+{ "type": "module" }
+
+// @Filename: /module.mts
+export {};
+
+// @Filename: /tsExtension.ts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /jsExtension.js
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /ctsExtension.cts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..d1792b0bac8e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesCJSResolvingToESM4_noPackageJson.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// @noEmit: true
+// @noTypesAndSymbols: true
+// @module: node16
+// @allowJs: true
+// @checkJs: true
+
+// @Filename: /module.mts
+export {};
+
+// @Filename: /tsExtension.ts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /jsExtension.js
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
+
+// @Filename: /ctsExtension.cts
+import {} from "./module.mjs";
\ No newline at end of file