user_scripts.md

User Scripts

Introduction

pyOCD has support for customization through what are called user scripts. These are Python scripts that are loaded by pyOCD before it connects to the target. A user script can define functions that are called as hooks at certain points in the connection lifetime, and can extend, modify, or completely override the default behaviour.

If a file named pyocd_user.py or .pyocd_user.py is placed in the project directory, pyOCD will automatically detect it and load it as a user script. If you prefer another name, you can set the user_script option. Another alternative is to provide the filename using the --script command line argument. If a relative path is set either with the option or command line, it will be searched for in the project directory.

The arguments for hook functions defined in user scripts are the same arguments accepted by delegate methods. However, all arguments to user script functions are optional. If provided, the argument names must match the specification. But you can specify arguments in any order, and exclude any or all arguments if they are not needed. In fact, most arguments are not required because the same objects are available as script globals, for instance board and target.

Examples

This example user script shows how to add a new memory region.

# This example applies to the Nordic nRF52 devices.

def will_connect(board):
    # Create the new ROM region for the FICR.
    ficr = pyocd.core.memory_map.RomRegion(
                                        name="ficr",
                                        start=0x10000000,
                                        length=0x460
                                        )

    # Add the FICR region to the memory map.
    target.memory_map.add_region(ficr)

This example shows how to override the flash algorithm for an external flash memory.

# This example applies to the NXP i.MX RT10x0 devices.

# Unlike the previous example, the board argument is excluded here.
def will_connect():
    # Look up the external flash memory region.
    extFlash = target.memory_map.get_first_matching_region(name="flexspi")

    # Set the path to an .FLM flash algorithm.
    extFlash.flm = "MIMXRT105x_QuadSPI_4KB_SEC.FLM"

This example demonstrates setting the DBGMCU_CR register on reset for STM32 devices.

# This example applies to the ST STM32L0x1 devicess.

DBG_CR = 0x40015804

def did_reset():
    # Set STANDBY, STOP, and SLEEP bits all to 1.
    target.write32(DBG_CR, 0x7)

Another common use for a script is to initialize external memory such as SDRAM.

Script globals

A number of useful symbols are made available in the global namespace of user scripts. These include both target related objects, as well as parts of the pyOCD Python API.

Symbol	Description
__file__	Path to the user script.
__name__	Module name of the user script.
aps	Dictionary of CoreSight Access Port (AP) objects. The keys are the APSEL value.
board	The Board object.
BreakpointType	Enumeration of breakpoint types.
DeviceRegion	Device-type memory region class.
dp	The CoreSight Debug Port (DP) object.
Error	The base class for all pyOCD exceptions.
Event	Enumeration of notification event types.
exceptions	Module containing the exception classes.
FileProgrammer	Utility class to program files to target flash.
FlashEraser	Utility class to erase target flash.
FlashLoader	Utility class to program raw binary data to target flash.
FlashRegion	Flash memory region.
HaltReason	Enumeration of halt reasons.
LOG	Logger object for the user script.
MemoryMap	Class representing the device's memory map.
MemoryType	Memory region type enumeration.
options	The session options dictionary.
probe	The connected debug probe object.
pyocd	The root pyOCD package.
RamRegion	RAM memory region.
ResetType	Reset type enumeration.
RomRegion	ROM memory region.
RunType	Enumeration of types of run operations (step or run).
SecurityState	Enumeration of core security states.
session	The session object, which is the root of the connection object graph.
State	Enumeration of target state.
Target	Base class, mostly useful for numerous constants that are defined within the class.
target	The CoreSightTarget or subclass instance representing the MCU.
TransferError	Exception class for all transfer errors.
TransferFaultError	Exception subclass of TransferError for bus faults.
VectorCatch	Namespace class containing bit mask constants for vector catch options.
WatchpointType	Enumeration of watchpoint types.

Script functions

This section documents all functions that user scripts can provide to modify pyOCD's behaviour.

• will_connect(board)
  Pre-init hook for the board.

  board - A Board instance that is about to be initialized.
  Result - Ignored.

• did_connect(board)
  Post-initialization hook for the board.

  board - A Board instance.
  Result - Ignored.

• will_init_target(target, init_sequence)
  Hook to review and modify init call sequence prior to execution.

  target - A CoreSightTarget object about to be initialized.
  init_sequence - The CallSequence that will be invoked. Because call sequences are mutable, this parameter can be modified before return to change the init calls.
  Result - Ignored.

• did_init_target(target)
  Post-initialization hook.

  target - Either a CoreSightTarget or CortexM object.
  Result - Ignored.

• will_start_debug_core(core)
  Hook to enable debug for the given core.

  core - A CortexM object about to be initialized.
  Result - True Do not perform the normal procedure to start core debug. False/None Continue with normal behaviour.

• did_start_debug_core(core)
  Post-initialization hook.

  core - A CortexM object.
  Result - Ignored.

• will_stop_debug_core(core)
  Pre-cleanup hook for the core.

  core - A CortexM object.
  Result - True Do not perform the normal procedure to disable core debug. False/None Continue with normal behaviour.

• did_stop_debug_core(core)
  Post-cleanup hook for the core.

  core - A CortexM object.
  Result - Ignored.

• will_disconnect(target, resume)
  Pre-disconnect hook.

  target - Either a CoreSightTarget or CortexM object.
  resume - The value of the disconnect_on_resume option.
  Result - Ignored.

• did_disconnect(target, resume)
  Post-disconnect hook.

  target - Either a CoreSightTarget or CortexM object.
  resume - The value of the disconnect_on_resume option.
  Result - Ignored.

• will_reset(core, reset_type)
  Pre-reset hook.

  core - A CortexM instance.
  reset_type - One of the Target.ResetType enumerations.
  Result - True The hook performed the reset. False/None Caller should perform the normal reset procedure.

• did_reset(core, reset_type)
  Post-reset hook.

  core - A CortexM instance.
  reset_type - One of the Target.ResetType enumerations.
  Result - Ignored.

• set_reset_catch(core, reset_type)
  Hook to prepare target for halting on reset.

  core - A CortexM instance.
  reset_type - One of the Target.ResetType enumerations.
  Result - True This hook handled setting up reset catch, caller should do nothing. False/None Perform the default reset catch set using vector catch.

• clear_reset_catch(core, reset_type)
  Hook to clean up target after a reset and halt.

  core - A CortexM instance.
  reset_type - One of the Target.ResetType enumerations.
  Result - Ignored.

• mass_erase(target)
  Hook to override mass erase.

  target - A CoreSightTarget object.
  Result - True Indicate that mass erase was performed by the hook. False/None Mass erase was not overridden and the caller should proceed with the standard mass erase procedure.

• trace_start(self, target, mode)
  Hook to prepare for tracing the target.

  target - A CoreSightTarget object.
  mode - The trace mode. Currently always 0 to indicate SWO.
  Result - Ignored.

• trace_stop(self, target, mode)
  Hook to clean up after tracing the target.

  target - A CoreSightTarget object.
  mode - The trace mode. Currently always 0 to indicate SWO.
  Result - Ignored.