diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.test.ts b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..bcc7ce888d8d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0; you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License
+ * 2.0.
+ */
+
+import { WorkpadSchema } from './workpad_schema';
+
+const pageOneId = 'page-1';
+const pageTwoId = 'page-2';
+const elementOneId = 'element-1';
+const elementTwoId = 'element-2';
+const elementThreeId = 'element-3';
+
+const position = {
+  angle: 0,
+  height: 0,
+  left: 0,
+  parent: null,
+  top: 0,
+  width: 0,
+};
+const baseWorkpad = {
+  colors: [],
+  css: '',
+  variables: [],
+  height: 0,
+  id: 'workpad-id',
+  name: 'workpad',
+  page: 1,
+  pages: [
+    {
+      elements: [
+        {
+          expression: 'expression',
+          id: elementOneId,
+          position,
+        },
+        {
+          expression: 'expression',
+          id: elementTwoId,
+          position,
+        },
+      ],
+      id: pageOneId,
+      style: {},
+    },
+    {
+      elements: [
+        {
+          expression: 'expression',
+          id: elementThreeId,
+          position,
+        },
+      ],
+      id: pageTwoId,
+      style: {},
+    },
+  ],
+  width: 0,
+};
+
+it('validates there are no duplicate page ids', () => {
+  const dupePage = {
+    ...baseWorkpad,
+    pages: [{ ...baseWorkpad.pages[0] }, { ...baseWorkpad.pages[1], id: pageOneId }],
+  };
+
+  expect(() => WorkpadSchema.validate(dupePage)).toThrowError('Page Ids are not unique');
+});
+
+it('validates there are no duplicate element ids on the same page', () => {
+  const dupeElement = {
+    ...baseWorkpad,
+    pages: [
+      {
+        ...baseWorkpad.pages[0],
+        elements: [
+          { ...baseWorkpad.pages[0].elements[0] },
+          { ...baseWorkpad.pages[0].elements[1], id: elementOneId },
+        ],
+      },
+      { ...baseWorkpad.pages[1] },
+    ],
+  };
+
+  expect(() => WorkpadSchema.validate(dupeElement)).toThrowError('Element Ids are not unique');
+});
+
+it('validates there are no duplicate element ids in the workpad', () => {
+  const dupeElement = {
+    ...baseWorkpad,
+    pages: [
+      {
+        ...baseWorkpad.pages[0],
+        elements: [
+          { ...baseWorkpad.pages[0].elements[0] },
+          { ...baseWorkpad.pages[0].elements[1], id: elementOneId },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        ...baseWorkpad.pages[1],
+        elements: [{ ...baseWorkpad.pages[1].elements[0], id: elementOneId }],
+      },
+    ],
+  };
+
+  expect(() => WorkpadSchema.validate(dupeElement)).toThrowError('Element Ids are not unique');
+});
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.ts b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.ts
index 57e02367fcd3a..9bde26298185b 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.ts
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/server/routes/workpad/workpad_schema.ts
@@ -58,18 +58,41 @@ export const WorkpadVariable = schema.object({
   type: schema.string(),
 });
 
-export const WorkpadSchema = schema.object({
-  '@created': schema.maybe(schema.string()),
-  '@timestamp': schema.maybe(schema.string()),
-  assets: schema.maybe(schema.recordOf(schema.string(), WorkpadAssetSchema)),
-  colors: schema.arrayOf(schema.string()),
-  css: schema.string(),
-  variables: schema.arrayOf(WorkpadVariable),
-  height: schema.number(),
-  id: schema.string(),
-  isWriteable: schema.maybe(schema.boolean()),
-  name: schema.string(),
-  page: schema.number(),
-  pages: schema.arrayOf(WorkpadPageSchema),
-  width: schema.number(),
-});
+export const WorkpadSchema = schema.object(
+  {
+    '@created': schema.maybe(schema.string()),
+    '@timestamp': schema.maybe(schema.string()),
+    assets: schema.maybe(schema.recordOf(schema.string(), WorkpadAssetSchema)),
+    colors: schema.arrayOf(schema.string()),
+    css: schema.string(),
+    variables: schema.arrayOf(WorkpadVariable),
+    height: schema.number(),
+    id: schema.string(),
+    isWriteable: schema.maybe(schema.boolean()),
+    name: schema.string(),
+    page: schema.number(),
+    pages: schema.arrayOf(WorkpadPageSchema),
+    width: schema.number(),
+  },
+  {
+    validate: (workpad) => {
+      // Validate unique page ids
+      const pageIdsArray = workpad.pages.map((page) => page.id);
+      const pageIdsSet = new Set(pageIdsArray);
+
+      if (pageIdsArray.length !== pageIdsSet.size) {
+        return 'Page Ids are not unique';
+      }
+
+      // Validate unique element ids
+      const elementIdsArray = workpad.pages
+        .map((page) => page.elements.map((element) => element.id))
+        .flat();
+      const elementIdsSet = new Set(elementIdsArray);
+
+      if (elementIdsArray.length !== elementIdsSet.size) {
+        return 'Element Ids are not unique';
+      }
+    },
+  }
+);