diff --git a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/Http4sBenchmark.scala b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/Http4sBenchmark.scala
index 0d32dd3..3bf31f7 100644
--- a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/Http4sBenchmark.scala
+++ b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/Http4sBenchmark.scala
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package routing
 package bench
 
 import cats.effect.IO
-import cats.effect.unsafe.implicits.global // 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+import cats.effect.unsafe.implicits.global // 0.23, 1.0.0-M40
 import org.http4s._
 import org.http4s.dsl.io._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ object http4sHelper extends BenchmarkHelper[Request[IO], Request[IO] => IO[Respo
 
 class Http4sBenchmark_0_22 { // 0.22
 class Http4sBenchmark_0_23 { // 0.23
-class Http4sBenchmark_1_0_0_M39 { // 1.0.0-M39
+class Http4sBenchmark_1_0_0_M40 { // 1.0.0-M40
   import http4sHelper._
 
   @Benchmark def http4s: String = run(http4sService)
diff --git a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmark.scala b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmark.scala
index eec9157..c0d920a 100644
--- a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmark.scala
+++ b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmark.scala
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// ++ 1.0.0-M39
+// ++ 1.0.0-M40
 package routing
 package bench
 
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ class PlayBenchmark {
   @Benchmark def routing: String = run(routingService)
   @Benchmark def routingManual: String = run(routingManualService)
 }
-// -- 1.0.0-M39
+// -- 1.0.0-M40
diff --git a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmarkHelper.scala b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmarkHelper.scala
index cc7167e..db965fb 100644
--- a/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmarkHelper.scala
+++ b/bench/src/main/scala/routing/bench/PlayBenchmarkHelper.scala
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ object PlayBenchmarkHelper extends BenchmarkHelper[RequestHeader, Handler, Route
 
   def request(r: Route[_ <: Method, _]): RequestHeader =
     new RequestHeader {
-      def attrs = TypedMap.empty
+      def attrs: TypedMap = TypedMap.empty
       def connection: RemoteConnection = RemoteConnection("", false, None)
       def headers: Headers = Headers()
       def method: String = r.method.name
diff --git a/build.sbt b/build.sbt
index 06a86b7..7a04500 100644
--- a/build.sbt
+++ b/build.sbt
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ lazy val http4s = http4sProj(projectMatrix.in(file("http4s")), "http4s")(axis =>
 
 lazy val play = simpleProj(projectMatrix.in(file("play")), "play", List(Platform.Jvm))
   .settings(publishSettings)
-  .settings(libraryDependencies += playCore("2.8.18").value cross CrossVersion.for3Use2_13)
+  .settings(libraryDependencies += playCore("2.8.20").value cross CrossVersion.for3Use2_13)
   .dependsOn(core % "compile->compile;test->test")
 
 lazy val play2_9 = {
   lazy val play2_9 = simpleProj(projectMatrix.in(file("play2_9")), "play2_9", List(Platform.Jvm), modScalaVersions = _ => _.filterNot(_.startsWith("2.12")))
     .settings(publishSettings)
-    .settings(libraryDependencies += playCore("2.9.0-M6").value)
+    .settings(libraryDependencies += playCore("2.9.0-RC1").value)
     .dependsOn(core % "compile->compile;test->test")
 
   if (System.getProperty("java.version").startsWith("1.8")) play2_9 else play2_9.settings(
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ lazy val bench = http4sProj(projectMatrix.in(file("bench")), "bench", _ => List(
   modScalaVersions = _ => _ => _.filterNot(_.startsWith("3.")),
 )
   .settings(noPublishSettings)
+  .settings(scalacOptions --= foldScalaV(scalaVersion.value)(Seq("-Ywarn-unused:nowarn"), Seq(), Seq()))
   .dependsOn(core, http4s, play)
   .enablePlugins(JmhPlugin)
 
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ def http4sImplDoc(dir: File, axis: Http4sAxis.Value): (File, String) =
 
 lazy val docs = http4sProj(projectMatrix.in(file("routing-docs")), "routing-docs", _ => List(Platform.Jvm))(
   axis => _ => _.settings(
+    scalacOptions -= "-Xfatal-warnings",
     mdocVariables ++= Map(
       "VERSION" -> currentVersion,
       "GITHUB_REPO_URL" -> githubRepoUrl,
@@ -86,14 +88,14 @@ lazy val docs = http4sProj(projectMatrix.in(file("routing-docs")), "routing-docs
       "HTTP4S_PATH_CODE" -> (axis match {
         case Http4sAxis.v0_22 |
              Http4sAxis.v0_23 |
-             Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M39 =>
+             Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M40 =>
           "Uri.Path.unsafeFromString(path)"
       }),
       "HTTP4S_UNSAFERUNSYNC_IMPORT" -> (axis match {
-        case Http4sAxis.v0_23 | Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M39 => "import cats.effect.unsafe.implicits.global\n"
+        case Http4sAxis.v0_23 | Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M40 => "import cats.effect.unsafe.implicits.global\n"
         case _ => ""
       })
-    )
+    ),
   ),
 ).enablePlugins(MdocPlugin)
   .settings(noPublishSettings)
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ lazy val example = http4sProj(projectMatrix.in(file("example")), "example", _ =>
       http4sDep("circe", axis.version).value,
       http4sDep("blaze-server", axis match {
         case Http4sAxis.v0_23 => s"${axis.suffix}.12"
-        case Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M39 => s"${axis.suffix.dropRight(1)}6"
+        case Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M40 => s"${axis.suffix.dropRight(2)}38"
         case _ => axis.version
       }).value,
     ),
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/routing/Route.scala b/core/src/main/scala/routing/Route.scala
index 1f93754..91b5720 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/routing/Route.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/routing/Route.scala
@@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ object Route {
 
     lazy val show = Shown(Vector(), Vector())
 
-    def pathParts(u: Unit) = Vector()
-    def queryParts(u: Unit) = Vector()
+    def pathParts(u: Unit): Vector[PathPart] = Vector()
+    def queryParts(u: Unit): Vector[QueryPart] = Vector()
 
-    lazy val components = Vector()
+    lazy val components: Vector[Component] = Vector()
 
     def matchUri[ForwardPath, ForwardQuery](path: ForwardPath, query: ForwardQuery)(
       implicit P: ExtractPathPart[ForwardPath],
diff --git a/core/src/test/scala/routing/builder/CodecSpec.scala b/core/src/test/scala/routing/builder/CodecSpec.scala
index 01a6c24..12a96c7 100644
--- a/core/src/test/scala/routing/builder/CodecSpec.scala
+++ b/core/src/test/scala/routing/builder/CodecSpec.scala
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import org.scalacheck.Prop.{forAll, propBoolean}
 import routing.extractor.ExtractRequest
 
 abstract class CodecSpec(name: String) extends Properties(s"$name.codec") {
+  implicit class PipeOps[A](a: A) { final def |>[B](f: A => B): B = f(a) }
+
   def matches[A](tpe: String, expected: A, actual: A): Prop =
     (expected == actual) :| s"$tpe mismatch\n    expected: $expected\n    actual: $actual"
 
@@ -80,8 +82,9 @@ abstract class CodecSpec(name: String) extends Properties(s"$name.codec") {
 
   def testPath() =
     pathEncodedChars.foreach { case (raw, encoded) =>
-      property(s"decodes '$raw' in path") = forAll((s: Str) =>
-        testDecode(pathRoute)(x => ReverseUri(Method.GET, s"/$x", Vector()), s, raw, encoded))
+      property.update(s"decodes '$raw' in path", forAll((s: Str) =>
+        testDecode(pathRoute)(x => ReverseUri(Method.GET, s"/$x", Vector()), s, raw, encoded)
+      )) |> (_ => ())
 
       property(s"encodes '$raw' in path") = forAll((s: Str) =>
         testEncode(pathRoute)(s => s"/$s", s, raw, encoded))
diff --git a/example/src/main/scala/routing/example/App.scala b/example/src/main/scala/routing/example/App.scala
index 2e7b8c0..572ccbc 100644
--- a/example/src/main/scala/routing/example/App.scala
+++ b/example/src/main/scala/routing/example/App.scala
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 package routing.example
 
 import cats.effect.{ExitCode, IO, IOApp}
-import org.http4s.blaze.server.BlazeServerBuilder // 0.22, 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+import org.http4s.blaze.server.BlazeServerBuilder
 import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext // 0.22
 
 object App extends IOApp {
   override def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] =
     BlazeServerBuilder[IO](ExecutionContext.global) // 0.22
-    BlazeServerBuilder[IO] // 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+    BlazeServerBuilder[IO] // 0.23, 1.0.0-M40
       .bindHttp(8080, "localhost")
       .withHttpApp(Controller.actions.orNotFound)
       .serve
diff --git a/http4s/src/main/scala/routing/http4s/Syntax.scala b/http4s/src/main/scala/routing/http4s/Syntax.scala
index 4649dd8..a2041d6 100644
--- a/http4s/src/main/scala/routing/http4s/Syntax.scala
+++ b/http4s/src/main/scala/routing/http4s/Syntax.scala
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package http4s
 
 import cats.Applicative
 import cats.Defer // 0.22
-import cats.Monad // 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+import cats.Monad // 0.23, 1.0.0-M40
 import cats.data.OptionT
 import org.{http4s => h}
 import scala.annotation.tailrec
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ object syntax {
 
   implicit class Http4sReverseUriOps(val uri: ReverseUri) extends AnyVal {
     def toHttp4s: h.Uri =
-      h.Uri(path = h.Uri.Path.unsafeFromString(uri.path), query = new Http4sReverseQueryOps(uri.query).toHttp4s) // 0.22, 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+      h.Uri(path = h.Uri.Path.unsafeFromString(uri.path), query = new Http4sReverseQueryOps(uri.query).toHttp4s)
   }
 
   @tailrec
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ object syntax {
 
   implicit class Http4sRouteObjectOps(private val route: Route.type) extends AnyVal {
     def httpRoutes[F[_]: Applicative: Defer]( // 0.22
-    def httpRoutes[F[_]: Monad]( // 0.23, 1.0.0-M39
+    def httpRoutes[F[_]: Monad]( // 0.23, 1.0.0-M40
       handlers: Handled[h.Request[F] => F[h.Response[F]]]*
     ): h.HttpRoutes[F] =
       h.HttpRoutes[F](tryRoutes(_, handlers.toList))
diff --git a/play/src/test/scala/routing/play/CodecSpec.scala b/play/src/test/scala/routing/play/CodecSpec.scala
index 6fd635a..b7e7f2e 100644
--- a/play/src/test/scala/routing/play/CodecSpec.scala
+++ b/play/src/test/scala/routing/play/CodecSpec.scala
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ object CodecSpec extends routing.CodecSpec("play") {
 
   def mkReq(u: ReverseUri): Request =
     new RequestHeader {
-      def attrs = TypedMap.empty
+      def attrs: TypedMap = TypedMap.empty
       def connection: RemoteConnection = RemoteConnection("", false, None)
       def headers: Headers = Headers()
       def method: String = "GET"
diff --git a/project/Build.scala b/project/Build.scala
index f35af97..f84724d 100644
--- a/project/Build.scala
+++ b/project/Build.scala
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import sbtprojectmatrix.ProjectMatrixPlugin.autoImport._
 import scala.sys.process._
 
 object Build {
-  lazy val scalaVersions = Seq("2.12.17", "2.13.10", "3.3.0")
+  lazy val scalaVersions = Seq("2.12.18", "2.13.12", "3.3.1")
   lazy val latestScalaV = scalaVersions.find(_.startsWith("3.")).get
   lazy val kindProjector = compilerPlugin("org.typelevel" % "kind-projector" % "0.13.2" cross CrossVersion.full)
 
@@ -127,9 +127,7 @@ object Build {
     }
 
   def sjsProj(f: Project => Project): Project => Project =
-    f.andThen(_.settings(
-      scalacOptions ++= foldScalaV(scalaVersion.value)(Seq(), Seq(), Seq("-scalajs")),
-    ).enablePlugins(org.scalajs.sbtplugin.ScalaJSPlugin))
+    f.andThen(_.enablePlugins(org.scalajs.sbtplugin.ScalaJSPlugin))
 
   def platformAxes(platforms: List[Platform]): List[(Platform, VirtualAxis)] =
     platforms.map {
@@ -195,7 +193,7 @@ object Build {
 
   val defaultHttp4sPlatforms = (_: Http4sAxis.Value) match {
     case Http4sAxis.v0_22 => List(Platform.Jvm)
-    case Http4sAxis.v0_23 | Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M39 => List(Platform.Jvm, Platform.Js)
+    case Http4sAxis.v0_23 | Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M40 => List(Platform.Jvm, Platform.Js)
   }
 
   def http4sProj(matrix: ProjectMatrix, nme: String, platforms: Http4sAxis.Value => List[Platform] = defaultHttp4sPlatforms)(
@@ -225,7 +223,7 @@ object Build {
         }
       ))),
       modScalaVersions = axis => platform => versions => axis match {
-        case Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M39 => modScalaVersions(axis)(platform)(versions.filterNot(_.startsWith("2.12")))
+        case Http4sAxis.v1_0_0_M40 => modScalaVersions(axis)(platform)(versions.filterNot(_.startsWith("2.12")))
         case _ => modScalaVersions(axis)(platform)(versions)
       },
     )
@@ -241,8 +239,8 @@ object Build {
         .getOrElse(Seq())
   )
 
-  val catsCore = Def.setting("org.typelevel" %%% "cats-core" % "2.9.0")
-  val izumiReflect = Def.setting("dev.zio" %%% "izumi-reflect" % "2.2.3")
+  val catsCore = Def.setting("org.typelevel" %%% "cats-core" % "2.10.0")
+  val izumiReflect = Def.setting("dev.zio" %%% "izumi-reflect" % "2.3.8")
   val http4sV1Milestone = "1.0.0-M"
 
   object Http4sAxis extends Enumeration {
@@ -259,8 +257,8 @@ object Build {
     implicit def valueToVirtualAxis(v: Value): VirtualAxis.WeakAxis = v.axis
 
     val v0_22 = HAVal("0.22", "0.22.15", "latest stable on cats effect 2")
-    val v0_23 = HAVal("0.23", "0.23.17", "latest stable on cats effect 3")
-    val v1_0_0_M39 = HAVal(s"${http4sV1Milestone}39", s"${http4sV1Milestone}39", "latest development on cats effect 3")
+    val v0_23 = HAVal("0.23", "0.23.23", "latest stable on cats effect 3")
+    val v1_0_0_M40 = HAVal(s"${http4sV1Milestone}40", s"${http4sV1Milestone}40", "latest development on cats effect 3")
 
     lazy val all = values.toList
   }
diff --git a/project/build.properties b/project/build.properties
index 72413de..51b51fc 100644
--- a/project/build.properties
+++ b/project/build.properties
@@ -1 +1 @@
-sbt.version=1.8.3
+sbt.version=1.9.5
diff --git a/project/plugins.sbt b/project/plugins.sbt
index 844b8d7..4b36b06 100644
--- a/project/plugins.sbt
+++ b/project/plugins.sbt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-projectmatrix" % "0.9.0")
-addSbtPlugin("io.github.davidgregory084" % "sbt-tpolecat" % "0.4.1")
-addSbtPlugin("io.spray" % "sbt-revolver" % "0.9.1")
-addSbtPlugin("org.scala-js" % "sbt-scalajs" % "1.13.1")
-addSbtPlugin("org.scala-native" % "sbt-scala-native" % "0.4.12")
-addSbtPlugin("org.scalameta" % "sbt-mdoc" % "2.3.6" )
-addSbtPlugin("pl.project13.scala" % "sbt-jmh" % "0.4.3")
+addSbtPlugin("org.typelevel" % "sbt-tpolecat" % "0.5.0")
+addSbtPlugin("io.spray" % "sbt-revolver" % "0.10.0")
+addSbtPlugin("org.scala-js" % "sbt-scalajs" % "1.13.2")
+addSbtPlugin("org.scala-native" % "sbt-scala-native" % "0.4.15")
+addSbtPlugin("org.scalameta" % "sbt-mdoc" % "2.3.7" )
+addSbtPlugin("pl.project13.scala" % "sbt-jmh" % "0.4.6")
 
 resolvers += "bondlink-maven-repo" at "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mblink/maven-repo/main"
 addSbtPlugin("bondlink" % "sbt-git-publish" % "0.0.5")
diff --git a/website/i18n/en.json b/website/i18n/en.json
index 378d43f..3f3c7c5 100644
--- a/website/i18n/en.json
+++ b/website/i18n/en.json
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
       "implementations/http4s-0.23": {
         "title": "http4s 0.23 (latest stable on cats effect 3)"
       },
-      "implementations/http4s-1.0.0-M39": {
-        "title": "http4s 1.0.0-M39 (latest development on cats effect 3)"
+      "implementations/http4s-1.0.0-M40": {
+        "title": "http4s 1.0.0-M40 (latest development on cats effect 3)"
       },
       "implementations/play": {
         "title": "Play Framework"
diff --git a/website/sidebars.json b/website/sidebars.json
index 95a793f..f49863f 100755
--- a/website/sidebars.json
+++ b/website/sidebars.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
           "implementations",
           "implementations/http4s-0.22",
           "implementations/http4s-0.23",
-          "implementations/http4s-1.0.0-M39",
+          "implementations/http4s-1.0.0-M40",
           "implementations/play"
         ]
       },