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File system

Path Function
/ Root directory of the entire file system
/bin Essential command binaries
/boot Boot loader files including kernels
/dev Essential device files
/etc System configuration files
/home Users' home directories
/lib 32-bit system libraries
lib64 64-bit system libraries
/media Mount points for removable media
/mnt Temporarily mounted filesystems
/opt Optional application software packages
/proc Virtual filesystem providing process and kernel info as files
/root Home directory for the root user
/run Run-time configuration data
/sbin Essential system binaries
/srv Site-specific data served by this system
/sys Contains information about the devices connected to the computer
/tmp Temporary files
/usr Read-only user data; contains the majority of utilities and applications
/var Variable files whose content is expected to change during normal operation

Be careful!

  • Don't change default python setting like install another version, it may result in your failing to open terminal.
  • And don't install other python version on the default, just use a docker or virtual environment if you need another version of python.
    • What happened to me was, I installed Python 3.6 in Ubuntu 16.04, then after I upgrade to 18.04, first nvidia driver was having problems. I cannot start the system. Then my colleague helped me remove it inside grub. Then when I want to install ros2, it was always failing. Had errors like:
    The following packages have unmet dependencies:                                                                             
  ros-dashing-desktop : Depends: ros-dashing-action-tutorials but it is not going to be installed                                                     Depends: ros-dashing-composition but it is not going to be installed                               
                        Depends: ros-dashing-demo-nodes-cpp but it is not going to be installed                             
                        Depends: ros-dashing-demo-nodes-cpp-native but it is not going to be installed
    • Finally found that this was due to the Python3.6 I installed before upgrading to 18.04. After removed the python3.6, I was able to install ros2.