LoRaWAN Firmware with command-line interface, ported to BL602 from Apache Mynewt OS...
https://mynewt.apache.org/latest/tutorials/lora/lorawanapp.html
https://github.com/apache/mynewt-core/tree/master/apps/lora_app_shell
This firmware calls the LoRaWAN Driver...
And the Semtech SX1262 Driver...
Follow the updates in this Twitter Thread...
https://twitter.com/MisterTechBlog/status/1379926160377851910
Read the (upcoming) article...
https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan
What is LoRaWAN? See this...
https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lora2
# Start LoRa background task
create_task
# Init LoRaWAN driver
init_lorawan
# Device EUI: Copy from ChirpStack: Applications -> app -> Device EUI
las_wr_dev_eui 0x4b:0xc1:0x5e:0xe7:0x37:0x7b:0xb1:0x5b
# App EUI: Not needed for ChirpStack, set to default 0000000000000000
las_wr_app_eui 0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00
# App Key: Copy from ChirpStack: Applications -> app -> Devices -> device_otaa_class_a -> Keys (OTAA) -> Application Key
las_wr_app_key 0xaa:0xff:0xad:0x5c:0x7e:0x87:0xf6:0x4d:0xe3:0xf0:0x87:0x32:0xfc:0x1d:0xd2:0x5d
# Join LoRaWAN network, try 3 times
las_join 3
# Open LoRaWAN port 2 (App Port)
las_app_port open 2
# Send data to LoRaWAN port 2, 5 bytes, unconfirmed (0)
las_app_tx 2 5 0
To search for Message Integrity Code errors in LoRaWAN Packets received by WisGate, SSH to WisGate and search for...
# grep MIC /var/log/syslog
Apr 28 04:02:05 rak-gateway
chirpstack-application-server[568]:
time="2021-04-28T04:02:05+01:00"
level=error
msg="invalid MIC"
dev_eui=4bc15ee7377bb15b
type=DATA_UP_MIC
Apr 28 04:02:05 rak-gateway
chirpstack-network-server[1378]:
time="2021-04-28T04:02:05+01:00"
level=error
msg="uplink: processing uplink frame error"
ctx_id=0ccd1478-3b79-4ded-9e26-a28e4c143edc
error="get device-session error: invalid MIC"The error above occurs when we replay a repeated Join Network Request to our LoRaWAN Gateway (with same Nonce, same Message Integrity Code).
This replay also logs a Nonce Error in WisGate...
# grep nonce /var/log/syslog
Apr 28 04:02:41 rak-gateway chirpstack-application-server[568]:
time="2021-04-28T04:02:41+01:00"
level=error
msg="validate dev-nonce error"
dev_eui=4bc15ee7377bb15b
type=OTAA
Apr 28 04:02:41 rak-gateway chirpstack-network-server[1378]:
time="2021-04-28T04:02:41+01:00"
level=error
msg="uplink: processing uplink frame error" ctx_id=01ae296e-8ce1-449a-83cc-fb0771059d89
error="validate dev-nonce error: object already exists"Because the Nonce should not be reused.
Config file is at...
/opt/ttn-gateway/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd/global_conf.json
Restart packet forwarder...
sudo bash
cd /opt/ttn-gateway/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd
pkill -9 lora_pkt_fwd
./lora_pkt_fwd
# create_task
# init_lorawan
lora_node_init
pbuf_queue_init
pbuf_queue_init
pbuf_queue_init
SX126xReset
SX126xIoInit
SX126X interrupt init
SX126X register handler: GPIO 11
SX126xWakeup
SX126xSetTxParams: power=22, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
RadioSetModem
RadioSetPublicNetwork: public syncword=3444
RadioSleep
# las_wr_dev_eui 0x4b:0xc1:0x5e:0xe7:0x37:0x7b:0xb1:0x5b
# las_wr_app_eui 0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00:0x00
# las_wr_app_key 0xaa:0xff:0xad:0x5c:0x7e:0x87:0xf6:0x4d:0xe3:0xf0:0x87:0x32:0xfc:0x1d:0xd2:0x5d
# las_join 1
lora_node_join: joined=8
lora_node_join: joining network
Attempting to join...
# lora_mac_join_event
LoRaMacMlmeRequest
Send
RadioSetModem
SX126xWakeup
ScheduleTx
CalculateBackOff
RegionNextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel: channel=1
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
lora_mac_rx_disable
TODO: Radio.RxDisable
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1
RegionTxConfig
RegionAS923TxConfig
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
RadioSetTxConfig: modem=1, power=13, fdev=0, bandwidth=0, datarate=10, coderate=1, preambleLen=8, fixLen=0, crcOn=1, freqHopOn=0, hopPeriod=0, iqInverted=0, timeout=3000
RadioSetTxConfig: SpreadingFactor=10, Bandwidth=4, CodingRate=1, LowDatarateOptimize=0, PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=255, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
SX126xSetRfTxPower
SX126xSetTxParams: power=13, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1, datarate=2, txpower=0, maxeirp=16, antennagin=2
SendFrameOnChannel: txi is null, skipping log
RadioSend: size=23
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5b b1 7b 37 e7 5e c1 4b da 5a 11 43 53 8a
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=23, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
lora_mac_join_event: OK
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
OnRadioTxDone
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow1TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_PREAMBLE_DETECTED
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_HEADER_VALID
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_DONE
SX126xReadCommand
SX126xReadCommand
OnRadioRxDone
lora_mac_process_radio_rx
RadioSleep
lora_mac_rx_win2_stop
# las_app_port open 2
Opened app port 2
# las_app_tx 2 5 0
lwip_init
-------------------->>>>>>>> LWIP tcp_port 55708
lora_node_mcps_request
pbuf_queue_put
Packet sent on port 2
# lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event: send from txq
pbuf_queue_get
Send
ScheduleTx
CalculateBackOff
RegionNextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel: channel=1
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
lora_mac_rx_disable
TODO: Radio.RxDisable
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1
RegionTxConfig
RegionAS923TxConfig
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetTxConfig: modem=1, power=13, fdev=0, bandwidth=0, datarate=10, coderate=1, preambleLen=8, fixLen=0, crcOn=1, freqHopOn=0, hopPeriod=0, iqInverted=0, timeout=3000
RadioSetTxConfig: SpreadingFactor=10, Bandwidth=4, CodingRate=1, LowDatarateOptimize=0, PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=64, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
SX126xSetRfTxPower
SX126xSetTxParams: power=13, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1, datarate=2, txpower=0, maxeirp=16, antennagain=2
RadioSend: size=18
40 9b 0a 6b 01 00 00 00 02 a8 09 cf 2d 0e 5e 65 8b 9b
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=18, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
OnRadioTxDone
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow1TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow2TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
pbuf_queue_put
lora_node_chk_txq
pbuf_queue_get
Txd on port 2 type=unconf status=0 len=5
dr:2
txpower (dbm):0
tries:1
ack_rxd:0
tx_time_on_air:330
uplink_cntr:0
uplink_chan:1
pbuf_queue_get
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
# las_app_tx 2 5 0
lora_node_mcps_request
pbuf_queue_put
Packet sent on port 2
# lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event: send from txq
pbuf_queue_get
Send
ScheduleTx
CalculateBackOff
RegionNextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel: channel=0
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
lora_mac_rx_disable
TODO: Radio.RxDisable
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=0
RegionTxConfig
RegionAS923TxConfig
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetTxConfig: modem=1, power=13, fdev=0, bandwidth=0, datarate=10, coderate=1, preambleLen=8, fixLen=0, crcOn=1, freqHopOn=0, hopPeriod=0, iqInverted=0, timeout=3000
RadioSetTxConfig: SpreadingFactor=10, Bandwidth=4, CodingRate=1, LowDatarateOptimize=0, PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=64, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
SX126xSetRfTxPower
SX126xSetTxParams: power=13, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=0, datarate=2, txpower=0, maxeirp=16, antennagain=2
RadioSend: size=18
40 9b 0a 6b 01 00 01 00 02 69 d5 c6 c7 fb 77 99 36 b3
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=18, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
OnRadioTxDone
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow1TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow2TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
pbuf_queue_put
lora_node_chk_txq
pbuf_queue_get
Txd on port 2 type=unconf status=0 len=5
dr:2
txpower (dbm):0
tries:1
ack_rxd:0
tx_time_on_air:330
uplink_cntr:1
uplink_chan:0
pbuf_queue_get
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
# las_app_tx 2 5 0
lora_node_mcps_request
pbuf_queue_put
Packet sent on port 2
# lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event: send from txq
pbuf_queue_get
Send
ScheduleTx
CalculateBackOff
RegionNextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel
RegionAS923NextChannel: channel=1
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
RegionComputeRxWindowParameters
lora_mac_rx_disable
TODO: Radio.RxDisable
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1
RegionTxConfig
RegionAS923TxConfig
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetTxConfig: modem=1, power=13, fdev=0, bandwidth=0, datarate=10, coderate=1, preambleLen=8, fixLen=0, crcOn=1, freqHopOn=0, hopPeriod=0, iqInverted=0, timeout=3000
RadioSetTxConfig: SpreadingFactor=10, Bandwidth=4, CodingRate=1, LowDatarateOptimize=0, PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=64, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
SX126xSetRfTxPower
SX126xSetTxParams: power=13, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
SendFrameOnChannel: channel=1, datarate=2, txpower=0, maxeirp=16, antennagain=2
RadioSend: size=18
40 9b 0a 6b 01 00 02 00 02 bb 4d 97 13 09 bc e3 7a 0e
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=18, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
OnRadioTxDone
RadioSleep
OnRxWindow1TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923400000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
# OnRxWindow2TimerEvent
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
SX126xWakeup
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
RadioRx
RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_RX_TX_TIMEOUT
OnRadioRxTimeout
RadioSleep
pbuf_queue_put
lora_node_chk_txq
pbuf_queue_get
Txd on port 2 type=unconf status=0 len=5
dr:2
txpower (dbm):0
tries:1
ack_rxd:0
tx_time_on_air:330
uplink_cntr:2
uplink_chan:1
pbuf_queue_get
lora_mac_proc_tx_q_event
#
We replay a LoRaWAN packet: Join Network Request. This won't work because we need to send the Public Sync Word (0x3444), not the Private Sync Word (0x1424).
# create_task
# init_driver
SX126xReset
SX126xIoInit
SX126X interrupt init
SX126X register handler: GPIO 11
SX126xWakeup
SX126xSetTxParams: power=22, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
RadioSetChannel: freq=923200000
RadioSetTxConfig: modem=1, power=22, fdev=0, bandwidth=0, datarate=10, coderate=1, preambleLen=8, fixLen=0, crcOn=1, freqHopOn=0, hopPeriod=0, iqInverted=0, timeout=3000
RadioSetTxConfig: SpreadingFactor=10, Bandwidth=4, CodingRate=1, LowDatarateOptimize=0, PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=255, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
SX126xSetRfTxPower
SX126xSetTxParams: power=22, rampTime=7
SX126xGetDeviceId: SX1262
SX126xSetPaConfig: paDutyCycle=4, hpMax=7, deviceSel=0, paLut=1
RadioSetRxConfig
RadioStandby
RadioSetModem
RadioSetRxConfig done
# send_message
RadioSend: size=23
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5b b1 7b 37 e7 5e c1 4b b4 b1 b8 30 e9 8c
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=23, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
# RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
Tx done
RadioSleep
# send_message
RadioSend: size=23
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5b b1 7b 37 e7 5e c1 4b b4 b1 b8 30 e9 8c
SX126xWakeup
RadioSend: PreambleLength=8, HeaderType=0, PayloadLength=23, CrcMode=1, InvertIQ=0
# RadioOnDioIrq
RadioIrqProcess
SX126xReadCommand
IRQ_TX_DONE
Tx done
RadioSleep
#