diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Concurrency/ProcessDriver.php b/src/Illuminate/Concurrency/ProcessDriver.php
index 775245212cc0..9d82e75bc96b 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Concurrency/ProcessDriver.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Concurrency/ProcessDriver.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 use Illuminate\Process\Factory as ProcessFactory;
 use Illuminate\Process\Pool;
 use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
+use Illuminate\Support\ProcessUtils;
 use Laravel\SerializableClosure\SerializableClosure;
 use Symfony\Component\Process\PhpExecutableFinder;
 
@@ -26,18 +27,13 @@ public function __construct(protected ProcessFactory $processFactory)
      */
     public function run(Closure|array $tasks): array
     {
-        $php = $this->phpBinary();
-        $artisan = $this->artisanBinary();
+        $command = $this->buildCommand();
 
-        $results = $this->processFactory->pool(function (Pool $pool) use ($tasks, $php, $artisan) {
+        $results = $this->processFactory->pool(function (Pool $pool) use ($tasks, $command) {
             foreach (Arr::wrap($tasks) as $task) {
                 $pool->path(base_path())->env([
                     'LARAVEL_INVOKABLE_CLOSURE' => serialize(new SerializableClosure($task)),
-                ])->command([
-                    $php,
-                    $artisan,
-                    'invoke-serialized-closure',
-                ]);
+                ])->command($command);
             }
         })->start()->wait();
 
@@ -59,7 +55,15 @@ public function run(Closure|array $tasks): array
      */
     public function defer(Closure|array $tasks): DeferredCallback
     {
-        return defer(fn () => $this->run($tasks));
+        $command = $this->buildCommand();
+
+        return defer(function () use ($tasks, $command) {
+            foreach (Arr::wrap($tasks) as $task) {
+                $this->processFactory->path(base_path())->env([
+                    'LARAVEL_INVOKABLE_CLOSURE' => serialize(new SerializableClosure($task)),
+                ])->run($command.' 2>&1 &');
+            }
+        });
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ public function defer(Closure|array $tasks): DeferredCallback
      */
     protected function phpBinary(): string
     {
-        return (new PhpExecutableFinder)->find(false) ?: 'php';
+        return ProcessUtils::escapeArgument((new PhpExecutableFinder)->find(false) ?: 'php');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -75,6 +79,16 @@ protected function phpBinary(): string
      */
     protected function artisanBinary(): string
     {
-        return defined('ARTISAN_BINARY') ? ARTISAN_BINARY : 'artisan';
+        return ProcessUtils::escapeArgument(defined('ARTISAN_BINARY') ? ARTISAN_BINARY : 'artisan');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Build the command string.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function buildCommand(): string
+    {
+        return sprintf('%s %s invoke-serialized-closure', $this->phpBinary(), $this->artisanBinary());
     }
 }