diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
index b3624859ce0c..1e8169aeb7f3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
           command: composer update --${{ matrix.stability }} --prefer-dist --no-interaction --no-progress
 
       - name: Execute tests
-        run: vendor/bin/phpunit --display-deprecation
+        run: vendor/bin/phpunit --display-deprecation ${{ matrix.stability == 'prefer-stable' && '--fail-on-deprecation' || '' }}
         env:
           DB_PORT: ${{ job.services.mysql.ports[3306] }}
           DB_USERNAME: root
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index b035062f8f4c..971aa5c0b257 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
         "league/flysystem-path-prefixing": "^3.3",
         "league/flysystem-read-only": "^3.3",
         "league/flysystem-sftp-v3": "^3.0",
-        "mockery/mockery": "^1.6",
+        "mockery/mockery": "^1.6.10",
         "nyholm/psr7": "^1.2",
         "orchestra/testbench-core": "^9.5",
         "pda/pheanstalk": "^5.0",
diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Concerns/HasRelationships.php b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Concerns/HasRelationships.php
index bd4dd77b5c78..c62132a26185 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Concerns/HasRelationships.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Concerns/HasRelationships.php
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ public function morphTo($name = null, $type = null, $id = null, $ownerKey = null
      * @param  string  $name
      * @param  string  $type
      * @param  string  $id
-     * @param  string  $ownerKey
+     * @param  string|null  $ownerKey
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphTo<\Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model, $this>
      */
     protected function morphEagerTo($name, $type, $id, $ownerKey)
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ protected function morphInstanceTo($target, $name, $type, $id, $ownerKey)
      * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder<TRelatedModel>  $query
      * @param  TDeclaringModel  $parent
      * @param  string  $foreignKey
-     * @param  string  $ownerKey
+     * @param  string|null  $ownerKey
      * @param  string  $type
      * @param  string  $relation
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphTo<TRelatedModel, TDeclaringModel>
diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
index 7822de3c2ad0..387ccc7ab33f 100755
--- a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ public function addConstraints()
             // For belongs to relationships, which are essentially the inverse of has one
             // or has many relationships, we need to actually query on the primary key
             // of the related models matching on the foreign key that's on a parent.
-            $key = $this->getQualifiedOwnerKeyName();
+            $table = $this->related->getTable();
 
-            $this->query->where($key, '=', $this->getForeignKeyFrom($this->child));
+            $this->query->where($table.'.'.$this->ownerKey, '=', $this->getForeignKeyFrom($this->child));
         }
     }
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public function addEagerConstraints(array $models)
         // We'll grab the primary key name of the related models since it could be set to
         // a non-standard name and not "id". We will then construct the constraint for
         // our eagerly loading query so it returns the proper models from execution.
-        $key = $this->getQualifiedOwnerKeyName();
+        $key = $this->related->getTable().'.'.$this->ownerKey;
 
         $whereIn = $this->whereInMethod($this->related, $this->ownerKey);
 
diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/MorphTo.php b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/MorphTo.php
index ecda194d0b8b..bd3e662be24b 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/MorphTo.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/MorphTo.php
@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@ class MorphTo extends BelongsTo
      */
     protected $morphType;
 
+    /**
+     * The associated key on the parent model.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $ownerKey;
+
     /**
      * The models whose relations are being eager loaded.
      *
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@ class MorphTo extends BelongsTo
      * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder<TRelatedModel>  $query
      * @param  TDeclaringModel  $parent
      * @param  string  $foreignKey
-     * @param  string  $ownerKey
+     * @param  string|null  $ownerKey
      * @param  string  $type
      * @param  string  $relation
      * @return void
diff --git a/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentBelongsToTest.php b/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentBelongsToTest.php
index 750a1f0237fd..1ace437a4346 100755
--- a/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentBelongsToTest.php
+++ b/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentBelongsToTest.php
@@ -404,7 +404,6 @@ protected function getRelation($parent = null, $keyType = 'int')
         $this->related->shouldReceive('getKeyType')->andReturn($keyType);
         $this->related->shouldReceive('getKeyName')->andReturn('id');
         $this->related->shouldReceive('getTable')->andReturn('relation');
-        $this->related->shouldReceive('qualifyColumn')->andReturnUsing(fn (string $column) => "relation.{$column}");
         $this->builder->shouldReceive('getModel')->andReturn($this->related);
         $parent = $parent ?: new EloquentBelongsToModelStub;
 
diff --git a/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentMorphToTest.php b/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentMorphToTest.php
index d85b4bf15b06..0366126f450c 100644
--- a/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentMorphToTest.php
+++ b/tests/Database/DatabaseEloquentMorphToTest.php
@@ -368,7 +368,6 @@ protected function getRelationAssociate($parent)
         $related = m::mock(Model::class);
         $related->shouldReceive('getKey')->andReturn(1);
         $related->shouldReceive('getTable')->andReturn('relation');
-        $related->shouldReceive('qualifyColumn')->andReturnUsing(fn (string $column) => "relation.{$column}");
         $builder->shouldReceive('getModel')->andReturn($related);
 
         return new MorphTo($builder, $parent, 'foreign_key', 'id', 'morph_type', 'relation');
@@ -379,9 +378,8 @@ public function getRelation($parent = null, $builder = null)
         $this->builder = $builder ?: m::mock(Builder::class);
         $this->builder->shouldReceive('where')->with('relation.id', '=', 'foreign.value');
         $this->related = m::mock(Model::class);
-        $this->related->shouldReceive('getcolumn')->andReturn('id');
+        $this->related->shouldReceive('getKeyName')->andReturn('id');
         $this->related->shouldReceive('getTable')->andReturn('relation');
-        $this->related->shouldReceive('qualifyColumn')->andReturnUsing(fn (string $column) => "relation.{$column}");
         $this->builder->shouldReceive('getModel')->andReturn($this->related);
         $parent = $parent ?: new EloquentMorphToModelStub;