diff --git a/modules/library/src/it/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpExecutorSpec.scala b/modules/library/src/it/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpExecutorSpec.scala
index ac53ab568..6dd263b57 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/it/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpExecutorSpec.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/it/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpExecutorSpec.scala
@@ -1471,7 +1471,7 @@ object HttpExecutorSpec extends IntegrationSpec {
                   doc3 <- Executor.execute(ElasticRequest.getById(index, thirdDocumentId)).documentAs[TestDocument]
                 } yield assert(res.items.size)(equalTo(7)) &&
                   assert(res.items.map(_.error.isDefined))(
-                    equalTo(List(false, false, false, false, false, false, true))
+                    equalTo(Chunk(false, false, false, false, false, false, true))
                   ) &&
                   assert(res.items(6).status)(equalTo(Some(404))) &&
                   assert(res.items(6).error.map(_.`type`))(equalTo(Some("document_missing_exception"))) &&
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregation.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregation.scala
index b95106797..da989d8ef 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregation.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregation.scala
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ object ElasticAggregation {
    *   an instance of empty [[zio.elasticsearch.aggregation.MultipleAggregations]].
    */
   final def multipleAggregations: MultipleAggregations =
-    Multiple(aggregations = Nil)
+    Multiple(aggregations = Chunk.empty)
 
   /**
    * Constructs a type-safe instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.aggregation.TermsAggregation]] using the specified
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ object ElasticAggregation {
    *   performed.
    */
   final def termsAggregation(name: String, field: Field[_, String]): TermsAggregation =
-    Terms(name = name, field = field.toString, order = Chunk.empty, subAggregations = Nil, size = None)
+    Terms(name = name, field = field.toString, order = Chunk.empty, subAggregations = Chunk.empty, size = None)
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.aggregation.TermsAggregation]] using the specified parameters.
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ object ElasticAggregation {
    *   performed.
    */
   final def termsAggregation(name: String, field: String): TermsAggregation =
-    Terms(name = name, field = field, order = Chunk.empty, subAggregations = Nil, size = None)
+    Terms(name = name, field = field, order = Chunk.empty, subAggregations = Chunk.empty, size = None)
 
   /**
    * Constructs a type-safe instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.aggregation.MaxAggregation]] using the specified parameters.
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuery.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuery.scala
index ce319510b..f4d42a8be 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuery.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuery.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticPrimitive.ElasticPrimitive
 import zio.elasticsearch.query._
 import zio.schema.Schema
@@ -93,7 +94,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def filter[S: Schema](queries: ElasticQuery[S]*): BoolQuery[S] =
-    Bool[S](filter = queries.toList, must = Nil, mustNot = Nil, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[S](
+      filter = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.BoolQuery]] with queries that must satisfy the criteria using
@@ -106,7 +114,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def filter(queries: ElasticQuery[Any]*): BoolQuery[Any] =
-    Bool[Any](filter = queries.toList, must = Nil, mustNot = Nil, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[Any](
+      filter = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.HasChildQuery]] using the specified parameters.
@@ -252,7 +267,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def must[S: Schema](queries: ElasticQuery[S]*): BoolQuery[S] =
-    Bool[S](filter = Nil, must = queries.toList, mustNot = Nil, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[S](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.BoolQuery]] with queries that must satisfy the criteria using
@@ -265,7 +287,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def must(queries: ElasticQuery[Any]*): BoolQuery[Any] =
-    Bool[Any](filter = Nil, must = queries.toList, mustNot = Nil, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[Any](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.BoolQuery]] with queries that must not satisfy the criteria
@@ -280,7 +309,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def mustNot[S: Schema](queries: ElasticQuery[S]*): BoolQuery[S] =
-    Bool[S](filter = Nil, must = Nil, mustNot = queries.toList, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[S](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.BoolQuery]] with queries that must not satisfy the criteria
@@ -293,7 +329,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def mustNot(queries: ElasticQuery[Any]*): BoolQuery[Any] =
-    Bool[Any](filter = Nil, must = Nil, mustNot = queries.toList, should = Nil, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[Any](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      should = Chunk.empty,
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs a type-safe instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.NestedQuery]] using the specified parameters.
@@ -366,7 +409,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def should[S: Schema](queries: ElasticQuery[S]*): BoolQuery[S] =
-    Bool[S](filter = Nil, must = Nil, mustNot = Nil, should = queries.toList, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[S](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.BoolQuery]] with queries that should satisfy the criteria using
@@ -379,7 +429,14 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   satisfy the criteria.
    */
   final def should(queries: ElasticQuery[Any]*): BoolQuery[Any] =
-    Bool[Any](filter = Nil, must = Nil, mustNot = Nil, should = queries.toList, boost = None, minimumShouldMatch = None)
+    Bool[Any](
+      filter = Chunk.empty,
+      must = Chunk.empty,
+      mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+      should = Chunk.fromIterable(queries),
+      boost = None,
+      minimumShouldMatch = None
+    )
 
   /**
    * Constructs a type-safe instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.WildcardQuery]] using the specified parameters.
@@ -461,7 +518,7 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.TermsQuery]] that represents the term query to be performed.
    */
   final def terms[S](field: Field[S, String], values: String*): Terms[S] =
-    Terms(field = field.toString, values = values.toList, boost = None)
+    Terms(field = field.toString, values = Chunk.fromIterable(values), boost = None)
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.TermsQuery]] using the specified parameters.
@@ -477,7 +534,7 @@ object ElasticQuery {
    *   an instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.TermsQuery]] that represents the term query to be performed.
    */
   final def terms(field: String, values: String*): Terms[Any] =
-    Terms(field = field, values = values.toList, boost = None)
+    Terms(field = field, values = Chunk.fromIterable(values), boost = None)
 
   /**
    * Constructs a type-safe instance of [[zio.elasticsearch.query.WildcardQuery]] using the specified parameters.
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticRequest.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticRequest.scala
index 1f8832a8d..f5422c6f0 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticRequest.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticRequest.scala
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ object ElasticRequest {
    *   an instance of [[BulkRequest]] that represents the bulk operation to be performed.
    */
   final def bulk(requests: BulkableRequest[_]*): BulkRequest =
-    Bulk.of(requests = requests: _*)
+    Bulk(requests = Chunk.fromIterable(requests), index = None, refresh = None, routing = None)
 
   /**
    * Constructs an instance of [[CountRequest]] for whole specified index.
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       with HasRouting[BulkRequest]
 
   private[elasticsearch] final case class Bulk(
-    requests: List[BulkableRequest[_]],
+    requests: Chunk[BulkableRequest[_]],
     index: Option[IndexName],
     refresh: Option[Boolean],
     routing: Option[Routing]
@@ -382,38 +382,33 @@ object ElasticRequest {
     lazy val body: String = requests.flatMap { r =>
       (r: @unchecked) match {
         case Create(index, document, _, routing) =>
-          List(getActionAndMeta("create", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("routing", routing))), document.json)
+          Chunk(getActionAndMeta("create", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("routing", routing))), document.json)
         case CreateWithId(index, id, document, _, routing) =>
-          List(
-            getActionAndMeta("create", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
+          Chunk(
+            getActionAndMeta("create", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
             document.json
           )
         case CreateOrUpdate(index, id, document, _, routing) =>
-          List(
-            getActionAndMeta("index", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
+          Chunk(
+            getActionAndMeta("index", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
             document.json
           )
         case DeleteById(index, id, _, routing) =>
-          List(getActionAndMeta("delete", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))))
+          Chunk(getActionAndMeta("delete", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))))
         case Update(index, id, Some(document), _, routing, None, _) =>
-          List(
-            getActionAndMeta("update", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
+          Chunk(
+            getActionAndMeta("update", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
             Obj("doc" -> document.json)
           )
         case Update(index, id, None, _, routing, Some(script), _) =>
-          List(
-            getActionAndMeta("update", List(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
+          Chunk(
+            getActionAndMeta("update", Chunk(("_index", Some(index)), ("_id", Some(id)), ("routing", routing))),
             Obj("script" -> script.toJson)
           )
       }
     }.mkString(start = "", sep = "\n", end = "\n")
   }
 
-  object Bulk {
-    def of(requests: BulkableRequest[_]*): Bulk =
-      Bulk(requests = requests.toList, index = None, refresh = None, routing = None)
-  }
-
   sealed trait CountRequest extends ElasticRequest[Int] with HasRouting[CountRequest]
 
   private[elasticsearch] final case class Count(
@@ -625,7 +620,7 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       self.copy(size = Some(value))
 
     def sort(sort: Sort, sorts: Sort*): SearchRequest =
-      self.copy(sortBy = sortBy ++ (sort :: sorts.toList))
+      self.copy(sortBy = sortBy ++ (sort +: sorts))
 
     def toJson: Json = {
       val fromJson: Json = self.from.fold(Obj())(f => Obj("from" -> f.toJson))
@@ -637,15 +632,15 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       val searchAfterJson: Json = searchAfter.fold(Obj())(sa => Obj("search_after" -> sa))
 
       val sortJson: Json =
-        if (self.sortBy.nonEmpty) Obj("sort" -> Arr(self.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson): _*)) else Obj()
+        if (self.sortBy.nonEmpty) Obj("sort" -> Arr(self.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson))) else Obj()
 
       val sourceJson: Json =
         (included, excluded) match {
           case (None, None) => Obj()
           case (included, excluded) =>
             Obj("_source" -> {
-              val includes = included.fold(Obj())(included => Obj("includes" -> Arr(included.map(_.toJson): _*)))
-              val excludes = excluded.fold(Obj())(excluded => Obj("excludes" -> Arr(excluded.map(_.toJson): _*)))
+              val includes = included.fold(Obj())(included => Obj("includes" -> Arr(included.map(_.toJson))))
+              val excludes = excluded.fold(Obj())(excluded => Obj("excludes" -> Arr(excluded.map(_.toJson))))
               includes merge excludes
             })
         }
@@ -706,7 +701,7 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       self.copy(searchAfter = Some(value))
 
     def sort(sort: Sort, sorts: Sort*): SearchAndAggregateRequest =
-      self.copy(sortBy = sortBy ++ (sort :: sorts.toList))
+      self.copy(sortBy = sortBy ++ (sort +: sorts))
 
     def toJson: Json = {
       val fromJson: Json = self.from.fold(Obj())(f => Obj("from" -> f.toJson))
@@ -718,15 +713,15 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       val searchAfterJson: Json = searchAfter.fold(Obj())(sa => Obj("search_after" -> sa))
 
       val sortJson: Json =
-        if (self.sortBy.nonEmpty) Obj("sort" -> Arr(self.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson): _*)) else Obj()
+        if (self.sortBy.nonEmpty) Obj("sort" -> Arr(self.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson))) else Obj()
 
       val sourceJson: Json =
         (included, excluded) match {
           case (None, None) => Obj()
           case (included, excluded) =>
             Obj("_source" -> {
-              val includes = included.fold(Obj())(included => Obj("includes" -> Arr(included.map(_.toJson): _*)))
-              val excludes = excluded.fold(Obj())(excluded => Obj("excludes" -> Arr(excluded.map(_.toJson): _*)))
+              val includes = included.fold(Obj())(included => Obj("includes" -> Arr(included.map(_.toJson))))
+              val excludes = excluded.fold(Obj())(excluded => Obj("excludes" -> Arr(excluded.map(_.toJson))))
               includes merge excludes
             })
         }
@@ -806,7 +801,7 @@ object ElasticRequest {
       query.foldLeft(Obj("script" -> script.toJson))((scriptJson, q) => scriptJson merge q.toJson)
   }
 
-  private def getActionAndMeta(requestType: String, parameters: List[(String, Any)]): String =
+  private def getActionAndMeta(requestType: String, parameters: Chunk[(String, Any)]): String =
     parameters.collect { case (name, Some(value)) => s""""$name" : "$value"""" }
       .mkString(s"""{ "$requestType" : { """, ", ", " } }")
 }
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/Field.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/Field.scala
index 386b5ff35..dff74b343 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/Field.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/Field.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticPrimitive.ElasticPrimitive
 import zio.schema.{AccessorBuilder, Schema}
 
@@ -60,12 +61,12 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Field[-S, +A](parent: Option[Field[S, _]
 
   override def toString: String = {
     @tailrec
-    def loop(field: Field[_, _], acc: List[String]): List[String] = field match {
+    def loop(field: Field[_, _], acc: Chunk[String]): Chunk[String] = field match {
       case Field(None, name)         => s"$name" +: acc
       case Field(Some(parent), name) => loop(parent, s".$name" +: acc)
     }
 
-    loop(self, Nil).mkString
+    loop(self, Chunk.empty).mkString
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/aggregation/Aggregations.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/aggregation/Aggregations.scala
index 6a07347d1..8a6f9d5ec 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/aggregation/Aggregations.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/aggregation/Aggregations.scala
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ sealed trait MultipleAggregations extends ElasticAggregation with WithAgg {
   def aggregations(aggregations: SingleElasticAggregation*): MultipleAggregations
 }
 
-private[elasticsearch] final case class Multiple(aggregations: List[SingleElasticAggregation])
+private[elasticsearch] final case class Multiple(aggregations: Chunk[SingleElasticAggregation])
     extends MultipleAggregations { self =>
   def aggregations(aggregations: SingleElasticAggregation*): MultipleAggregations =
     self.copy(aggregations = self.aggregations ++ aggregations)
@@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Terms(
   name: String,
   field: String,
   order: Chunk[AggregationOrder],
-  subAggregations: List[SingleElasticAggregation],
+  subAggregations: Chunk[SingleElasticAggregation],
   size: Option[Int]
 ) extends TermsAggregation { self =>
   def orderBy(order: AggregationOrder, orders: AggregationOrder*): TermsAggregation =
-    self.copy(order = self.order ++ (order :: orders.toList))
+    self.copy(order = self.order ++ (order +: orders))
 
   private[elasticsearch] def paramsToJson: Json =
     Obj(name -> paramsToJsonHelper)
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Terms(
         case o :: Nil =>
           Obj("order" -> Obj(o.value -> o.order.toString.toJson))
         case orders =>
-          Obj("order" -> Arr(orders.collect { case AggregationOrder(value, order) =>
+          Obj("order" -> Arr(Chunk.fromIterable(orders).collect { case AggregationOrder(value, order) =>
             Obj(value -> order.toString.toJson)
-          }: _*))
+          }))
       }
 
     val sizeJson = size.fold(Obj())(s => Obj("size" -> s.toJson))
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/HttpExecutor.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/HttpExecutor.scala
index 184f47e64..c169362bf 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/HttpExecutor.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/HttpExecutor.scala
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
     val uri = (r.index match {
       case Some(index) => uri"${esConfig.uri}/$index/$Bulk"
       case None        => uri"${esConfig.uri}/$Bulk"
-    }).withParams(getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
+    }).withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequestWithCustomResponse(
       baseRequest
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeCount(r: Count): Task[Int] = {
     val req = baseRequest
-      .get(uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Count".withParams(getQueryParams(List(("routing", r.routing)))))
+      .get(uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Count".withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("routing", r.routing)))))
       .contentType(ApplicationJson)
       .response(asJson[CountResponse])
 
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeCreate(r: Create): Task[DocumentId] = {
     val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc"
-      .withParams(getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
+      .withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequestWithCustomResponse[CreateResponse](
       baseRequest
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeCreateWithId(r: CreateWithId): Task[CreationOutcome] = {
     val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Create/${r.id}"
-      .withParams(getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
+      .withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequest(
       baseRequest
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeCreateOrUpdate(r: CreateOrUpdate): Task[Unit] = {
     val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc/${r.id}"
-      .withParams(getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
+      .withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequest(baseRequest.put(uri).contentType(ApplicationJson).body(r.document.json)).flatMap { response =>
       response.code match {
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeDeleteById(r: DeleteById): Task[DeletionOutcome] = {
     val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc/${r.id}"
-      .withParams(getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
+      .withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequest(baseRequest.delete(uri)).flatMap { response =>
       response.code match {
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
   private def executeDeleteByQuery(r: DeleteByQuery): Task[DeletionOutcome] = {
     val uri =
       uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$DeleteByQuery".withParams(
-        getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
+        getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
       )
 
     sendRequest(
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
     }
 
   private def executeExists(r: Exists): Task[Boolean] = {
-    val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc/${r.id}".withParams(getQueryParams(List(("routing", r.routing))))
+    val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc/${r.id}".withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("routing", r.routing))))
 
     sendRequest(baseRequest.head(uri)).flatMap { response =>
       response.code match {
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
 
   private def executeGetById(r: GetById): Task[GetResult] = {
     val uri = uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Doc/${r.id}".withParams(
-      getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
+      getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
     )
 
     sendRequestWithCustomResponse[GetResponse](
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
           response.body.fold(
             e => ZIO.fail(new ElasticException(s"Exception occurred: ${e.getMessage}")),
             value =>
-              value.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort match {
+              value.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort.toList match {
                 case Nil =>
                   ZIO.succeed((Chunk.empty, None))
                 case _ =>
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
   private def executeSearch(r: Search): Task[SearchResult] =
     sendRequestWithCustomResponse(
       baseRequest
-        .post(uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Search".withParams(getQueryParams(List(("routing", r.routing)))))
+        .post(uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Search".withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("routing", r.routing)))))
         .response(asJson[SearchWithAggregationsResponse])
         .contentType(ApplicationJson)
         .body(r.toJson)
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
                     itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlightsSortAndInnerHits(
                       value.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort,
                       innerHitsResults
-                    ).toList,
+                    ),
                     value
                   )
                 }
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       if (r.sortBy.isEmpty) {
         Json.Obj("sort" -> Json.Arr(Json.Str(ShardDoc)))
       } else {
-        Obj("sort" -> Arr(r.sortBy.toList.map(_.paramsToJson): _*))
+        Obj("sort" -> Arr(r.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson)))
       }
     val searchAfterJson = searchAfter.map(sa => Json.Obj("search_after" -> sa)).getOrElse(Obj())
     sendRequestWithCustomResponse(
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
           response.body.fold(
             e => ZIO.fail(new ElasticException(s"Exception occurred: ${e.getMessage}")),
             body => {
-              body.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort match {
+              body.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort.toList match {
                 case Nil => ZIO.succeed((Chunk.empty, None))
                 case _ =>
                   body.pitId match {
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       baseRequest
         .post(
           uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Search?typed_keys"
-            .withParams(getQueryParams(List(("routing", r.routing))))
+            .withParams(getQueryParams(Chunk(("routing", r.routing))))
             .addQuerySegment(QuerySegment.Value("typed_keys"))
         )
         .response(asJson[SearchWithAggregationsResponse])
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
             value =>
               ZIO.succeed(
                 new SearchAndAggregateResult(
-                  itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlights(value.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort).toList,
+                  itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlights(value.resultsWithHighlightsAndSort),
                   value.aggs,
                   value
                 )
@@ -499,12 +499,12 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       baseRequest
         .post(
           uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Search".withParams(
-            getQueryParams(List((Scroll, Some(config.keepAlive)), ("routing", r.routing)))
+            getQueryParams(Chunk((Scroll, Some(config.keepAlive)), ("routing", r.routing)))
           )
         )
         .response(asJson[SearchWithAggregationsResponse])
         .contentType(ApplicationJson)
-        .body(r.query.toJson merge Obj("sort" -> Arr(r.sortBy.toList.map(_.paramsToJson): _*)))
+        .body(r.query.toJson merge Obj("sort" -> Arr(r.sortBy.map(_.paramsToJson))))
     ).flatMap { response =>
       response.code match {
         case HttpOk =>
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       baseRequest
         .post(
           uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$Update/${r.id}".withParams(
-            getQueryParams(List(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
+            getQueryParams(Chunk(("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
           )
         )
         .contentType(ApplicationJson)
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       baseRequest
         .post(
           uri"${esConfig.uri}/${r.index}/$UpdateByQuery".withParams(
-            getQueryParams(List(("conflicts", r.conflicts), ("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
+            getQueryParams(Chunk(("conflicts", r.conflicts), ("refresh", r.refresh), ("routing", r.routing)))
           )
         )
         .response(asJson[UpdateByQueryResponse])
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
       }
     }
 
-  private def getQueryParams(parameters: List[(String, Any)]): ScalaMap[String, String] =
+  private def getQueryParams(parameters: Chunk[(String, Any)]): ScalaMap[String, String] =
     parameters.collect { case (name, Some(value)) => (name, value.toString) }.toMap
 
   private def handleFailures(response: Response[Either[String, String]]): ElasticException =
@@ -591,14 +591,14 @@ private[elasticsearch] final class HttpExecutor private (esConfig: ElasticConfig
         )
     }
 
-  private def itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlights(results: List[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort]): Chunk[Item] =
-    Chunk.fromIterable(results).map(r => Item(raw = r.source, highlight = r.highlight, sort = r.sort))
+  private def itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlights(results: Chunk[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort]): Chunk[Item] =
+    results.map(r => Item(raw = r.source, highlight = r.highlight, sort = r.sort))
 
   private def itemsFromDocumentsWithHighlightsSortAndInnerHits(
-    results: List[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort],
-    innerHits: List[Map[String, List[Json]]]
+    results: Chunk[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort],
+    innerHits: Chunk[Map[String, Chunk[Json]]]
   ): Chunk[Item] =
-    Chunk.fromIterable(results).zip(innerHits).map { case (r, innerHits) =>
+    results.zip(innerHits).map { case (r, innerHits) =>
       Item(raw = r.source, highlight = r.highlight, innerHits = innerHits, sort = r.sort)
     }
 
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/AggregationResponse.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/AggregationResponse.scala
index eefac1038..73b35e789 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/AggregationResponse.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/AggregationResponse.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.executor.response
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.json.ast.Json
 import zio.json.ast.Json.Obj
 import zio.json.{DeriveJsonDecoder, JsonDecoder, jsonField}
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class TermsAggregationResponse(
   docErrorCount: Int,
   @jsonField("sum_other_doc_count")
   sumOtherDocCount: Int,
-  buckets: List[TermsAggregationBucket]
+  buckets: Chunk[TermsAggregationBucket]
 ) extends AggregationResponse
 
 private[elasticsearch] object TermsAggregationResponse {
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] object TermsAggregationBucket {
                   docErrorCount = objFields("doc_count_error_upper_bound").unsafeAs[Int],
                   sumOtherDocCount = objFields("sum_other_doc_count").unsafeAs[Int],
                   buckets = objFields("buckets")
-                    .unsafeAs[List[Json]]
+                    .unsafeAs[Chunk[Json]]
                     .map(_.unsafeAs[TermsAggregationBucket](TermsAggregationBucket.decoder))
                 )
               )
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/BulkResponse.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/BulkResponse.scala
index 5504d3500..a2c3bb358 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/BulkResponse.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/BulkResponse.scala
@@ -16,12 +16,13 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.executor.response
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.json.{DeriveJsonDecoder, JsonDecoder}
 
 final case class BulkResponse private[elasticsearch] (
   took: Int,
   errors: Boolean,
-  items: List[BulkResponseItem]
+  items: Chunk[BulkResponseItem]
 )
 
 private[elasticsearch] object BulkResponse {
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/Hits.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/Hits.scala
index bd65232ae..34034dbfc 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/Hits.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/Hits.scala
@@ -16,13 +16,14 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.executor.response
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.json.{DeriveJsonDecoder, JsonDecoder, jsonField}
 
 private[elasticsearch] final case class Hits(
   total: Total,
   @jsonField("max_score")
   maxScore: Option[Double] = None,
-  hits: List[Hit]
+  hits: Chunk[Hit]
 )
 
 private[elasticsearch] object Hits {
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/SearchWithAggregationsResponse.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/SearchWithAggregationsResponse.scala
index f0059e114..c8ec20774 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/SearchWithAggregationsResponse.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/executor/response/SearchWithAggregationsResponse.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.executor.response
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.json.ast.Json
 import zio.json.ast.Json.Obj
 import zio.json.{DeriveJsonDecoder, JsonDecoder, jsonField}
@@ -34,11 +35,11 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SearchWithAggregationsResponse(
   hits: Hits,
   aggregations: Option[Json]
 ) {
-  lazy val innerHitsResults: Either[String, List[Map[String, List[Json]]]] =
+  lazy val innerHitsResults: Either[String, Chunk[Map[String, Chunk[Json]]]] =
     Validation
       .validateAll(
         hits.hits
-          .map(_.innerHits.fold[Validation[String, Map[String, List[Json]]]](Validation.succeed(Map.empty)) {
+          .map(_.innerHits.fold[Validation[String, Map[String, Chunk[Json]]]](Validation.succeed(Map.empty)) {
             innerHits =>
               Validation
                 .validateAll(
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SearchWithAggregationsResponse(
       )
       .toEitherWith(_.mkString(", "))
 
-  lazy val resultsWithHighlightsAndSort: List[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort] =
+  lazy val resultsWithHighlightsAndSort: Chunk[DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort] =
     hits.hits.map(h => DocumentWithHighlightsAndSort(h.source, h.highlight, h.sort))
 
   lazy val lastSortField: Option[Json] = hits.hits.lastOption.flatMap(_.sort)
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SearchWithAggregationsResponse(
         case Right(res) =>
           (Validation
             .validateAll(
-              res.fields.toList.map { case (field, data) =>
+              res.fields.map { case (field, data) =>
                 ZValidation.fromEither(
                   (field: @unchecked) match {
                     case str if str.contains("max#") =>
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/highlights/Highlights.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/highlights/Highlights.scala
index 5bc9df7f8..0fd6e7900 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/highlights/Highlights.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/highlights/Highlights.scala
@@ -99,15 +99,15 @@ final case class Highlights(
   def withHighlight(field: String, config: HighlightConfig): Highlights =
     self.copy(fields = HighlightField(field, config) +: self.fields)
 
-  private[elasticsearch] def toJson: Json = Obj("highlight" -> Obj(configList: _*).merge(fieldsJson))
+  private[elasticsearch] def toJson: Json = Obj("highlight" -> Obj(configChunk).merge(fieldsJson))
 
-  private lazy val configList: List[(String, Json)] = config.toList
+  private lazy val configChunk: Chunk[(String, Json)] = Chunk.fromIterable(config)
 
   private lazy val fieldsJson: Json =
     if (explicitFieldOrder) {
       Obj("fields" -> Arr(fields.reverse.map(_.toJsonObj)))
     } else {
-      Obj("fields" -> Obj(fields.reverse.map(_.toStringJsonPair): _*))
+      Obj("fields" -> Obj(fields.reverse.map(_.toStringJsonPair)))
     }
 }
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ object Highlights {
 }
 
 private[elasticsearch] final case class HighlightField(field: String, config: HighlightConfig = Map.empty) {
-  def toStringJsonPair: (String, Obj) = field -> Obj(config.toList: _*)
+  def toStringJsonPair: (String, Obj) = field -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(config))
 
-  def toJsonObj: Json = Obj(field -> Obj(config.toList: _*))
+  def toJsonObj: Json = Obj(toStringJsonPair)
 }
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/InnerHits.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/InnerHits.scala
index 7fdff81b4..b022098f7 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/InnerHits.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/InnerHits.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.query
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.json.ast.Json
 import zio.json.ast.Json.{Num, Obj, Str}
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class InnerHits(
 
   def toStringJsonPair: (String, Json) =
     "inner_hits" -> Obj(
-      List(from.map("from" -> Num(_)), size.map("size" -> Num(_)), name.map("name" -> Str(_))).flatten: _*
+      Chunk(from.map("from" -> Num(_)), size.map("size" -> Num(_)), name.map("name" -> Str(_))).flatten
     )
 }
 
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/Queries.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/Queries.scala
index b3d1f1371..ecc120ced 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/Queries.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/Queries.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.query
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticPrimitive._
 import zio.elasticsearch.query.options._
 import zio.json.ast.Json
@@ -50,10 +51,10 @@ sealed trait BoolQuery[S] extends ElasticQuery[S] with HasBoost[BoolQuery[S]] wi
 }
 
 private[elasticsearch] final case class Bool[S](
-  filter: List[ElasticQuery[S]],
-  must: List[ElasticQuery[S]],
-  mustNot: List[ElasticQuery[S]],
-  should: List[ElasticQuery[S]],
+  filter: Chunk[ElasticQuery[S]],
+  must: Chunk[ElasticQuery[S]],
+  mustNot: Chunk[ElasticQuery[S]],
+  should: Chunk[ElasticQuery[S]],
   boost: Option[Double],
   minimumShouldMatch: Option[Int]
 ) extends BoolQuery[S] { self =>
@@ -83,16 +84,16 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Bool[S](
 
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json = {
     val boolFields =
-      List(
-        if (filter.nonEmpty) Some("filter" -> Arr(filter.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)): _*)) else None,
-        if (must.nonEmpty) Some("must" -> Arr(must.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)): _*)) else None,
-        if (mustNot.nonEmpty) Some("must_not" -> Arr(mustNot.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)): _*)) else None,
-        if (should.nonEmpty) Some("should" -> Arr(should.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)): _*)) else None,
+      Chunk(
+        if (filter.nonEmpty) Some("filter" -> Arr(filter.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)))) else None,
+        if (must.nonEmpty) Some("must" -> Arr(must.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)))) else None,
+        if (mustNot.nonEmpty) Some("must_not" -> Arr(mustNot.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)))) else None,
+        if (should.nonEmpty) Some("should" -> Arr(should.map(_.paramsToJson(fieldPath)))) else None,
         boost.map("boost" -> Num(_)),
         minimumShouldMatch.map("minimum_should_match" -> Num(_))
       ).collect { case Some(obj) => obj }
 
-    Obj("bool" -> Obj(boolFields: _*))
+    Obj("bool" -> Obj(boolFields))
   }
 
   def should[S1 <: S: Schema](queries: ElasticQuery[S1]*): BoolQuery[S1] =
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class HasChild[S](
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json =
     Obj(
       "has_child" -> Obj(
-        List(
+        Chunk(
           Some("type"  -> Str(childType)),
           Some("query" -> query.paramsToJson(None)),
           ignoreUnmapped.map("ignore_unmapped" -> Json.Bool(_)),
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class HasChild[S](
           maxChildren.map("max_children" -> Json.Num(_)),
           minChildren.map("min_children" -> Json.Num(_)),
           scoreMode.map(sm => "score_mode" -> Json.Str(sm.toString.toLowerCase))
-        ).flatten: _*
+        ).flatten
       )
     )
 
@@ -236,13 +237,13 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class HasParent[S](
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json =
     Obj(
       "has_parent" -> Obj(
-        List(
+        Chunk(
           Some("parent_type" -> Str(parentType)),
           Some("query"       -> query.paramsToJson(None)),
           ignoreUnmapped.map("ignore_unmapped" -> Json.Bool(_)),
           score.map("score" -> Json.Bool(_)),
           innerHitsField.map(_.toStringJsonPair)
-        ).flatten: _*
+        ).flatten
       )
     )
 
@@ -259,7 +260,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Match[S, A: ElasticPrimitive](field: Str
 
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json = {
     val matchFields = Some(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> value.toJson) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_))
-    Obj("match" -> Obj(matchFields.toList: _*))
+    Obj("match" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(matchFields)))
   }
 }
 
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class MatchAll(boost: Option[Double]) extends
     self.copy(boost = Some(value))
 
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json =
-    Obj("match_all" -> Obj(boost.map("boost" -> Num(_)).toList: _*))
+    Obj("match_all" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(boost.map("boost" -> Num(_)))))
 }
 
 sealed trait MatchPhraseQuery[S] extends ElasticQuery[S] with HasBoost[MatchPhraseQuery[S]]
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class MatchPhrase[S](field: String, value: Str
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json = {
     val matchPhraseFields =
       Some(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> value.toJson) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_))
-    Obj("match_phrase" -> Obj(matchPhraseFields.toList: _*))
+    Obj("match_phrase" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(matchPhraseFields)))
   }
 }
 
@@ -309,13 +310,13 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Nested[S](
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json =
     Obj(
       "nested" -> Obj(
-        List(
+        Chunk(
           Some("path"  -> fieldPath.map(fieldPath => Str(fieldPath + "." + path)).getOrElse(Str(path))),
           Some("query" -> query.paramsToJson(fieldPath.map(_ + "." + path).orElse(Some(path)))),
           scoreMode.map(scoreMode => "score_mode" -> Str(scoreMode.toString.toLowerCase)),
           ignoreUnmapped.map("ignore_unmapped" -> Json.Bool(_)),
           innerHitsField.map(_.toStringJsonPair)
-        ).flatten: _*
+        ).flatten
       )
     )
 
@@ -402,9 +403,9 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Range[S, A, LB <: LowerBound, UB <: Uppe
 
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json = {
     val rangeFields = Some(
-      fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(List(lower.toJson, upper.toJson).flatten: _*)
+      fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(Chunk(lower.toJson, upper.toJson).flatten)
     ) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_))
-    Obj("range" -> Obj(rangeFields.toList: _*))
+    Obj("range" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(rangeFields)))
   }
 }
 
@@ -436,7 +437,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Term[S](
     val termFields = Some("value" -> value.toJson) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_)) ++ caseInsensitive.map(
       "case_insensitive" -> Json.Bool(_)
     )
-    Obj("term" -> Obj(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(termFields.toList: _*)))
+    Obj("term" -> Obj(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(termFields))))
   }
 }
 
@@ -444,7 +445,7 @@ sealed trait TermsQuery[S] extends ElasticQuery[S] with HasBoost[TermsQuery[S]]
 
 private[elasticsearch] final case class Terms[S](
   field: String,
-  values: List[String],
+  values: Chunk[String],
   boost: Option[Double]
 ) extends TermsQuery[S] { self =>
   def boost(value: Double): TermsQuery[S] =
@@ -452,8 +453,8 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Terms[S](
 
   def paramsToJson(fieldPath: Option[String]): Json = {
     val termsFields =
-      Some(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Arr(values.map(Str(_)): _*)) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_))
-    Obj("terms" -> Obj(termsFields.toList: _*))
+      Some(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Arr(values.map(Str(_)))) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_))
+    Obj("terms" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(termsFields)))
   }
 }
 
@@ -478,6 +479,6 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Wildcard[S](
     val wildcardFields = Some("value" -> value.toJson) ++ boost.map("boost" -> Num(_)) ++ caseInsensitive.map(
       "case_insensitive" -> Json.Bool(_)
     )
-    Obj("wildcard" -> Obj(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(wildcardFields.toList: _*)))
+    Obj("wildcard" -> Obj(fieldPath.foldRight(field)(_ + "." + _) -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(wildcardFields))))
   }
 }
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/sort/Sort.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/sort/Sort.scala
index 563c016b9..54863e478 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/sort/Sort.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/query/sort/Sort.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.query.sort
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticPrimitive.ElasticPrimitiveOps
 import zio.elasticsearch.query.sort.options._
 import zio.elasticsearch.script.Script
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SortByFieldOptions(
     self.copy(order = Some(value))
 
   def paramsToJson: Json = {
-    val allParams = List(
+    val allParams = Chunk(
       self.order.map(order => "order" -> order.toString.toJson),
       self.format.map(format => "format" -> format.toJson),
       self.numericType.map(numericType => "numeric_type" -> numericType.toString.toJson),
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SortByFieldOptions(
       self.unmappedType.map(unmappedType => "unmapped_type" -> unmappedType.toJson)
     ).flatten
 
-    if (allParams.isEmpty) self.field.toJson else Obj(self.field -> Obj(allParams: _*))
+    if (allParams.isEmpty) self.field.toJson else Obj(self.field -> Obj(allParams))
   }
 
   def unmappedType(value: String): SortByField =
@@ -95,12 +96,12 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class SortByScriptOptions(
   def paramsToJson: Json =
     Obj(
       "_script" -> Obj(
-        List(
+        Chunk(
           Some("type"   -> self.sourceType.toString.toJson),
           Some("script" -> script.toJson),
           self.order.map(order => "order" -> order.toString.toJson),
           self.mode.map(mode => "mode" -> mode.toString.toJson)
-        ).flatten: _*
+        ).flatten
       )
     )
 }
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/request/options/HasSourceFiltering.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/request/options/HasSourceFiltering.scala
index 496d88aea..3a701354c 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/request/options/HasSourceFiltering.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/request/options/HasSourceFiltering.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.request.options
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.schema.Schema
 
 private[elasticsearch] trait HasSourceFiltering[R <: HasSourceFiltering[R]] {
@@ -62,15 +63,15 @@ private[elasticsearch] trait HasSourceFiltering[R <: HasSourceFiltering[R]] {
    */
   def includes[A](implicit schema: Schema.Record[A]): R
 
-  protected final def getFieldNames(schema: Schema.Record[_]): List[String] = {
+  protected final def getFieldNames(schema: Schema.Record[_]): Chunk[String] = {
     def extractInnerSchema(schema: Schema[_]): Schema[_] =
       Schema.force(schema) match {
         case schema: Schema.Sequence[_, _, _] => Schema.force(schema.elementSchema)
         case schema                           => schema
       }
 
-    def loop(schema: Schema.Record[_], prefix: Option[String]): List[String] =
-      schema.fields.toList.flatMap { field =>
+    def loop(schema: Schema.Record[_], prefix: Option[String]): Chunk[String] =
+      schema.fields.flatMap { field =>
         extractInnerSchema(field.schema) match {
           case schema: Schema.Record[_] => loop(schema, prefix.map(_ + "." + field.name).orElse(Some(field.name)))
           case _                        => List(prefix.fold[String](field.name)(_ + "." + field.name))
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/ElasticResult.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/ElasticResult.scala
index 3b4b47282..885f56b46 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/ElasticResult.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/ElasticResult.scala
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import zio.elasticsearch.executor.response.{AggregationResponse, SearchWithAggre
 import zio.json.ast.Json
 import zio.prelude.ZValidation
 import zio.schema.Schema
-import zio.{IO, Task, UIO, ZIO}
+import zio.{Chunk, IO, Task, UIO, ZIO}
 
 private[elasticsearch] sealed trait AggregationsResult {
   def aggregation(name: String): Task[Option[AggregationResponse]]
@@ -58,17 +58,17 @@ final class GetResult private[elasticsearch] (private val doc: Option[Item]) ext
 }
 
 final class SearchResult private[elasticsearch] (
-  private val hits: List[Item],
+  private val hits: Chunk[Item],
   private val fullResponse: SearchWithAggregationsResponse
 ) extends DocumentResult[List] {
   def documentAs[A: Schema]: IO[DecodingException, List[A]] =
     ZIO.fromEither {
-      ZValidation.validateAll(hits.map(item => ZValidation.fromEither(item.documentAs))).toEitherWith { errors =>
+      ZValidation.validateAll(hits.map(item => ZValidation.fromEither(item.documentAs)).toList).toEitherWith { errors =>
         DecodingException(s"Could not parse all documents successfully: ${errors.map(_.message).mkString(", ")}")
       }
     }
 
-  lazy val items: UIO[List[Item]] = ZIO.succeed(hits)
+  lazy val items: UIO[List[Item]] = ZIO.succeed(hits.toList)
 
   lazy val lastSortValue: UIO[Option[Json]] = ZIO.succeed(fullResponse.lastSortField)
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ final class SearchResult private[elasticsearch] (
 }
 
 final class SearchAndAggregateResult private[elasticsearch] (
-  private val hits: List[Item],
+  private val hits: Chunk[Item],
   private val aggs: Map[String, AggregationResponse],
   private val fullResponse: SearchWithAggregationsResponse
 ) extends DocumentResult[List]
@@ -91,14 +91,14 @@ final class SearchAndAggregateResult private[elasticsearch] (
 
   def documentAs[A: Schema]: Task[List[A]] =
     ZIO.fromEither {
-      ZValidation.validateAll(hits.map(item => ZValidation.fromEither(item.documentAs))).toEitherWith { errors =>
+      ZValidation.validateAll(hits.map(item => ZValidation.fromEither(item.documentAs)).toList).toEitherWith { errors =>
         DecodingException(
           s"Could not parse all documents successfully: ${errors.map(_.message).mkString(",")})"
         )
       }
     }
 
-  lazy val items: UIO[List[Item]] = ZIO.succeed(hits)
+  lazy val items: UIO[List[Item]] = ZIO.succeed(hits.toList)
 
   lazy val lastSortValue: UIO[Option[Json]] = ZIO.succeed(fullResponse.lastSortField)
 
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/Item.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/Item.scala
index 5d61663d6..46d7b8f35 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/Item.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/result/Item.scala
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import zio.schema.codec.JsonCodec.JsonDecoder
 final case class Item(
   raw: Json,
   private val highlight: Option[Json] = None,
-  private val innerHits: Map[String, List[Json]] = Map.empty,
+  private val innerHits: Map[String, Chunk[Json]] = Map.empty,
   sort: Option[Json] = None
 ) {
   def documentAs[A](implicit schema: Schema[A]): Either[DecodeError, A] = JsonDecoder.decode(schema, raw.toString)
@@ -46,14 +46,15 @@ final case class Item(
   def innerHitAs[A](name: String)(implicit schema: Schema[A]): Either[DecodingException, List[A]] =
     for {
       innerHitsJson <- innerHits.get(name).toRight(DecodingException(s"Could not find inner hits with name $name"))
-      innerHits <- Validation
-                     .validateAll(
-                       innerHitsJson.map(json =>
-                         Validation.fromEither(JsonDecoder.decode(schema, json.toString)).mapError(_.message)
-                       )
-                     )
-                     .toEitherWith(errors =>
-                       DecodingException(s"Could not parse all documents successfully: ${errors.mkString(", ")}")
-                     )
+      innerHits <-
+        Validation
+          .validateAll(
+            innerHitsJson
+              .map(json => Validation.fromEither(JsonDecoder.decode(schema, json.toString)).mapError(_.message))
+              .toList
+          )
+          .toEitherWith(errors =>
+            DecodingException(s"Could not parse all documents successfully: ${errors.mkString(", ")}")
+          )
     } yield innerHits
 }
diff --git a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/script/Script.scala b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/script/Script.scala
index 01ce51551..5fc4282f7 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/script/Script.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/main/scala/zio/elasticsearch/script/Script.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch.script
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticPrimitive.ElasticPrimitiveOps
 import zio.elasticsearch.script.options._
 import zio.json.ast.Json
@@ -31,15 +32,15 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Script(
     self.copy(lang = Some(value))
 
   def withParams(values: (String, Any)*): Script =
-    self.copy(params = params ++ values.toList)
+    self.copy(params = params ++ values.toMap)
 
   def toJson: Json =
     Obj(
-      List(
+      Chunk(
         self.lang.map(lang => "lang" -> lang.toJson),
         Some("source" -> source.toJson),
         if (params.nonEmpty) {
-          Some("params" -> Obj(params.map { case (key, value) =>
+          Some("params" -> Obj(Chunk.fromIterable(params).map { case (key, value) =>
             value match {
               case value: BigDecimal => key -> value.toJson
               case value: Double     => key -> value.toJson
@@ -47,11 +48,11 @@ private[elasticsearch] final case class Script(
               case value: Long       => key -> value.toJson
               case _                 => key -> value.toString.toJson
             }
-          }.toList: _*))
+          }))
         } else {
           None
         }
-      ).flatten: _*
+      ).flatten
     )
 }
 
diff --git a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregationSpec.scala b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregationSpec.scala
index 781f8eb78..b4f64c576 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregationSpec.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticAggregationSpec.scala
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
           assert(aggregation)(
             equalTo(
               Multiple(
-                List(
+                Chunk(
                   Terms(
                     name = "first",
                     field = "stringField",
                     order = Chunk(AggregationOrder(value = "_key", order = Desc)),
-                    subAggregations = Nil,
+                    subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                     size = None
                   ),
                   Max(name = "second", field = "testField", missing = Some(20)),
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
           assert(aggregationWithSubAggregation)(
             equalTo(
               Multiple(
-                List(
+                Chunk(
                   Terms(
                     name = "first",
                     field = "testField",
                     order = Chunk.empty,
-                    subAggregations = List(
+                    subAggregations = Chunk(
                       Max(
                         name = "second",
                         field = "intField.raw",
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                     name = "third",
                     field = "stringField",
                     order = Chunk.empty,
-                    subAggregations = Nil,
+                    subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                     size = None
                   )
                 )
@@ -116,12 +116,12 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                 name = "first",
                 field = "stringField",
                 order = Chunk.empty,
-                subAggregations = List(
+                subAggregations = Chunk(
                   Terms(
                     name = "second",
                     field = "stringField.raw",
                     order = Chunk.empty,
-                    subAggregations = Nil,
+                    subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                     size = None
                   )
                 ),
@@ -131,19 +131,19 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
           ) && assert(aggregation2)(
             equalTo(
               Multiple(
-                List(
+                Chunk(
                   Terms(
                     name = "first",
                     field = "stringField",
                     order = Chunk.empty,
-                    subAggregations = Nil,
+                    subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                     size = None
                   ),
                   Terms(
                     name = "second",
                     field = "testField",
                     order = Chunk.empty,
-                    subAggregations = List(
+                    subAggregations = Chunk(
                       Max(
                         name = "third",
                         field = "anotherTestField",
@@ -172,7 +172,13 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
 
           assert(aggregation)(
             equalTo(
-              Terms(name = "aggregation", field = "testField", order = Chunk.empty, subAggregations = Nil, size = None)
+              Terms(
+                name = "aggregation",
+                field = "testField",
+                order = Chunk.empty,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
+                size = None
+              )
             )
           ) &&
           assert(aggregationTs)(
@@ -181,7 +187,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                 name = "aggregation",
                 field = "stringField",
                 order = Chunk.empty,
-                subAggregations = Nil,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                 size = None
               )
             )
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                 name = "aggregation",
                 field = "stringField.raw",
                 order = Chunk.empty,
-                subAggregations = Nil,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                 size = None
               )
             )
@@ -207,7 +213,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                   AggregationOrder("test", Desc),
                   AggregationOrder("_count", Asc)
                 ),
-                subAggregations = Nil,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                 size = None
               )
             )
@@ -218,7 +224,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                 name = "aggregation",
                 field = "stringField",
                 order = Chunk.empty,
-                subAggregations = Nil,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                 size = Some(10)
               )
             )
@@ -229,7 +235,7 @@ object ElasticAggregationSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
                 name = "aggregation",
                 field = "stringField.test",
                 order = Chunk(AggregationOrder("_count", Desc), AggregationOrder("_key", Asc)),
-                subAggregations = Nil,
+                subAggregations = Chunk.empty,
                 size = Some(5)
               )
             )
diff --git a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuerySpec.scala b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuerySpec.scala
index 97bc6638b..d0208597d 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuerySpec.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/ElasticQuerySpec.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticQuery._
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticRequest.Bulk
 import zio.elasticsearch.domain._
@@ -39,13 +40,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = List(
+                  filter = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = "test field", boost = None)
                   ),
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -53,13 +54,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithBoost)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = List(
+                  filter = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = Some(3.14)),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None)
                   ),
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = Some(10.21),
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -74,13 +75,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = "test field", boost = None)
                   ),
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -88,13 +89,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithBoost)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField.keyword", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None)
                   ),
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = Some(10.21),
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -110,13 +111,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = "test field", boost = None)
                   ),
-                  should = Nil,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -124,13 +125,13 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithBoost)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField.keyword", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None)
                   ),
-                  should = Nil,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = Some(10.21),
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -155,10 +156,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = "test field", boost = None)
                   ),
@@ -169,10 +170,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithBoost)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField.keyword", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None)
                   ),
@@ -183,10 +184,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithMinimumShouldMatch)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField.keyword", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None),
                     Exists(field = "booleanField")
@@ -198,10 +199,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             ) && assert(queryWithAllParams)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = Nil,
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk.empty,
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "stringField.keyword", value = "test", boost = None),
                     Match(field = "intField", value = 22, boost = None),
                     Exists(field = "booleanField")
@@ -227,10 +228,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query1)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = List(MatchPhrase(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)),
-                  must = List(Match(field = "booleanField", value = true, boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  filter = Chunk(MatchPhrase(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)),
+                  must = Chunk(Match(field = "booleanField", value = true, boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -239,14 +240,14 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query2)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(Terms(field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(Terms(field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "doubleField", value = 3.14, boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = true, boost = None),
                     Exists("anotherTestField")
                   ),
-                  should = Nil,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -255,10 +256,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(query3)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(Terms(field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = List(Match(field = "intField", value = 50, boost = None)),
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(Terms(field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk(Match(field = "intField", value = 50, boost = None)),
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Range(field = "intField", lower = GreaterThan(1), upper = LessThanOrEqualTo(100), boost = None),
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)
                   ),
@@ -270,10 +271,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(queryWithBoost)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = List(MatchPhrase(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)),
-                  must = List(Match(field = "booleanField", value = true, boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = Nil,
-                  should = Nil,
+                  filter = Chunk(MatchPhrase(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)),
+                  must = Chunk(Match(field = "booleanField", value = true, boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk.empty,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = Some(3.14),
                   minimumShouldMatch = None
                 )
@@ -282,14 +283,14 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(queryWithMinimumShouldMatch)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(Terms(field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(Terms(field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk(
                     Match(field = "doubleField", value = 3.14, boost = None),
                     Match(field = "testField", value = true, boost = None),
                     Exists("anotherTestField")
                   ),
-                  should = Nil,
+                  should = Chunk.empty,
                   boost = None,
                   minimumShouldMatch = Some(2)
                 )
@@ -298,10 +299,10 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
             assert(queryWithAllParams)(
               equalTo(
                 Bool[TestDocument](
-                  filter = Nil,
-                  must = List(Terms(field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
-                  mustNot = List(Match(field = "intField", value = 50, boost = None)),
-                  should = List(
+                  filter = Chunk.empty,
+                  must = Chunk(Terms(field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None)),
+                  mustNot = Chunk(Match(field = "intField", value = 50, boost = None)),
+                  should = Chunk(
                     Range(field = "intField", lower = GreaterThan(1), upper = LessThanOrEqualTo(100), boost = None),
                     Match(field = "stringField", value = "test", boost = None)
                   ),
@@ -783,15 +784,15 @@ object ElasticQuerySpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
           val queryWithSuffix = terms(TestDocument.stringField.keyword, "a", "b", "c")
           val queryWithBoost  = terms(TestDocument.stringField, "a", "b", "c").boost(10.21)
 
-          assert(query)(equalTo(Terms[Any](field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))) &&
+          assert(query)(equalTo(Terms[Any](field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))) &&
           assert(queryTs)(
-            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))
+            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))
           ) &&
           assert(queryWithSuffix)(
-            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField.keyword", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))
+            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField.keyword", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = None))
           ) &&
           assert(queryWithBoost)(
-            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField", values = List("a", "b", "c"), boost = Some(10.21)))
+            equalTo(Terms[TestDocument](field = "stringField", values = Chunk("a", "b", "c"), boost = Some(10.21)))
           )
         },
         test("wildcard") {
diff --git a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpElasticExecutorSpec.scala b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpElasticExecutorSpec.scala
index 8d73b2e4d..4705fcdfd 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpElasticExecutorSpec.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/HttpElasticExecutorSpec.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package zio.elasticsearch
 
+import zio.Chunk
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticAggregation.termsAggregation
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticQuery.{matchAll, term}
 import zio.elasticsearch.domain.TestDocument
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ object HttpElasticExecutorSpec extends SttpBackendStubSpec {
             )
             .aggregations
         )(
-          equalTo(Map("aggregation1" -> TermsAggregationResponse(0, 0, List(TermsAggregationBucket("name", 5, None)))))
+          equalTo(Map("aggregation1" -> TermsAggregationResponse(0, 0, Chunk(TermsAggregationBucket("name", 5, None)))))
         )
       },
       test("bulk request") {
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ object HttpElasticExecutorSpec extends SttpBackendStubSpec {
             BulkResponse(
               took = 3,
               errors = false,
-              items = List(
+              items = Chunk(
                 CreateBulkResponse(
                   index = "repositories",
                   id = "123",
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ object HttpElasticExecutorSpec extends SttpBackendStubSpec {
           .execute(ElasticRequest.search(index = index, query = matchAll, terms))
         assertZIO(req.documentAs[TestDocument])(equalTo(List(doc))) &&
         assertZIO(req.aggregations)(
-          equalTo(Map("aggregation1" -> TermsAggregationResponse(0, 0, List(TermsAggregationBucket("name", 5, None)))))
+          equalTo(Map("aggregation1" -> TermsAggregationResponse(0, 0, Chunk(TermsAggregationBucket("name", 5, None)))))
         )
       },
       test("update request with script") {
diff --git a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/SortSpec.scala b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/SortSpec.scala
index 1ddf47b99..524263be3 100644
--- a/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/SortSpec.scala
+++ b/modules/library/src/test/scala/zio/elasticsearch/SortSpec.scala
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package zio.elasticsearch
 
-import zio.Scope
 import zio.elasticsearch.ElasticSort._
 import zio.elasticsearch.domain._
 import zio.elasticsearch.query.sort.Missing._
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@ import zio.json.ast.Json
 import zio.json.ast.Json.{Arr, Obj}
 import zio.test.Assertion.equalTo
 import zio.test._
+import zio.{Chunk, Scope}
 
 object SortSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
   def spec: Spec[Environment with TestEnvironment with Scope, Any] =
@@ -525,5 +525,5 @@ object SortSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
       )
     )
 
-  private def sortsToJson(sorts: Sort*): Json = Obj("sort" -> Arr(sorts.map(_.paramsToJson): _*))
+  private def sortsToJson(sorts: Sort*): Json = Obj("sort" -> Arr(Chunk.fromIterable(sorts).map(_.paramsToJson)))
 }