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aes.py
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aes.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2019 frey <[email protected]>
# blog:https://www.vhcffh.com
#
# Distributed under terms of the MIT license.
S_Box = [
[0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5,
0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76],
[0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0,
0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0],
[0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC,
0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15],
[0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A,
0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75],
[0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0,
0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84],
[0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B,
0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF],
[0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85,
0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8],
[0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5,
0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2],
[0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17,
0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73],
[0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88,
0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB],
[0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C,
0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79],
[0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9,
0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08],
[0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6,
0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A],
[0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E,
0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E],
[0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94,
0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF],
[0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68,
0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16]]
Inv_S_Box = [
[0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38,
0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB],
[0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87,
0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB],
[0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D,
0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E],
[0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2,
0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25],
[0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16,
0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92],
[0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA,
0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84],
[0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A,
0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06],
[0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02,
0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B],
[0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA,
0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73],
[0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85,
0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E],
[0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89,
0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B],
[0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20,
0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4],
[0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31,
0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC, 0x5F],
[0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D,
0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF],
[0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0,
0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61],
[0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26,
0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D]]
# 轮常数，密钥扩展中用到。（AES-128只需要10轮）
Rcon = [0x01000000, 0x02000000, 0x04000000, 0x08000000, 0x10000000,
0x20000000, 0x40000000, 0x80000000, 0x1b000000, 0x36000000]
# 密钥扩展
# 字循环左移一个字节
def RotWord(x):
return ((x << 8) | (x >> 24)) & 0xffffffff
# S盒变换
def SubWord(x):
temp = 0
temp = (temp << 8) | S_Box[(x >> 28) & 0x0f][(x >> 24) & 0x0f]
temp = (temp << 8) | S_Box[(x >> 20) & 0x0f][(x >> 16) & 0x0f]
temp = (temp << 8) | S_Box[(x >> 12) & 0x0f][(x >> 8) & 0x0f]
temp = (temp << 8) | S_Box[(x >> 4) & 0x0f][(x >> 0) & 0x0f]
return temp
# 加密过程
# 轮密钥加变换 - 将每一列与扩展密钥进行异或
def AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey):
rmtx = []
for i in range(4):
for j in range(4):
rmtx.append((mtx[4 * i + j] ^ ((ikey[j] << 8 * i) >> 24)) & 0xff)
return bytes(rmtx)
# S盒变换 - 前4位为行号，后4位为列号
def Subbytes(mtx):
rmtx = []
for i in mtx:
rmtx.append(S_Box[i >> 4][i & 0x0f])
return bytes(rmtx)
# 行变换 - 按字节循环移位
def ShiftRows(mtx):
rmtx = b''
rmtx += mtx[0:4] + \
mtx[5:8] + mtx[4:5] + \
mtx[10:12] + mtx[8:10] + \
mtx[15:16] + mtx[12:15]
return rmtx
# 有限域上的乘法 GF(2^8)
def GFMul(a, b):
p, hi_bit_set = 0, 0
for counter in range(8):
if b & 1 != 0:
p ^= a
hi_bit_set = a & 0x80
a = (a << 1) & 0xff
if hi_bit_set != 0:
a ^= 0x1b # x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1
b >>= 1
return p & 0xff
# 列变换
def MixColumns(mtx):
rmtx = [0] * 16
for i in range(4):
arr = []
for j in range(4):
arr.append(mtx[i + j * 4])
rmtx[i] = GFMul(0x02, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[1]) ^ arr[2] ^ arr[3]
rmtx[i + 4] = arr[0] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[2]) ^ arr[3]
rmtx[i + 8] = arr[0] ^ arr[1] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[3])
rmtx[i + 12] = GFMul(0x03, arr[0]) ^ arr[1] ^ arr[2] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[3])
return bytes(rmtx)
# 解密过程
# 逆行变换 - 按字节循环移位
def InvShiftRows(mtx):
rmtx = b''
rmtx += mtx[0:4] + \
mtx[7:8] + mtx[4:7] + \
mtx[10:12] + mtx[8:10] + \
mtx[13:16] + mtx[12:13]
return rmtx
# 逆S盒变换 - 前4位为行号，后4位为列号
def InvSubbytes(mtx):
rmtx = []
for i in mtx:
rmtx.append(Inv_S_Box[i >> 4][i & 0x0f])
return bytes(rmtx)
# 逆列变换
def InvMixColumns(mtx):
rmtx = [0] * 16
for i in range(4):
arr = []
for j in range(4):
arr.append(mtx[i + j * 4])
rmtx[i] = GFMul(0x0e, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x0b, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x0d, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x09, arr[3])
rmtx[i + 4] = GFMul(0x09, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x0e, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x0b, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x0d, arr[3])
rmtx[i + 8] = GFMul(0x0d, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x09, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x0e, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x0b, arr[3])
rmtx[i + 12] = GFMul(0x0b, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x0d, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x09, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x0e, arr[3])
return bytes(rmtx)
class AES(object):
# AES-128
# Nk密钥长度(双字)，Nb分组大小(双字)，Nr轮数
# 128 4 4 10
# 192 6 4 12
# 256 8 4 14
# 128 4*4*8=128bits 4*4*8=128bits 10轮
def __init__(self, K: bytes):
self.Nk, self.Nb, self.Nr = 4, 4, 10
# 通过密钥K生成实例，密钥K位数不足补零
self.K = K[:self.Nk * 4]
while len(self.K) < self.Nk * 4:
self.K += b'\x00'
self.W = self.KeyExpansion()
def Encrypt(self, m: bytes) -> bytes:
# 加密
# 明文不足16*8bits补零
while len(m) % 16 != 0:
m += b'\x00'
c = b''
for i in range(len(m) // 16):
# 对每一个16*8bits的块进行循环
mtx = m[i * 16:i * 16 + 16]
ikey = self.W[:4]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
for round in range(1, self.Nr):
mtx = Subbytes(mtx)
mtx = ShiftRows(mtx)
mtx = MixColumns(mtx)
ikey = self.W[4*round:4*round+4]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
mtx = Subbytes(mtx)
mtx = ShiftRows(mtx)
ikey = self.W[4 * self.Nr:]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
c += mtx
return c
def Decrypt(self, m: bytes) -> bytes:
# 解密
c = b''
for i in range(len(m) // 16):
mtx = m[i * 16:i * 16 + 16]
ikey = self.W[self.Nr * 4:]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
for round in range(self.Nr-1, 0, -1):
mtx = InvShiftRows(mtx)
mtx = InvSubbytes(mtx)
ikey = self.W[4 * round:4 * round + 4]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
mtx = InvMixColumns(mtx)
mtx = InvShiftRows(mtx)
mtx = InvSubbytes(mtx)
ikey = self.W[:4]
mtx = AddRoundKey(mtx, ikey)
c += mtx
return c
def KeyExpansion(self):
# 密钥扩展函数，密钥 K 扩展生成 Nb(Nr+1)个字 4*4*8bits=128bits -> 4*(10+1)*32bits=1408bits
w = []
for i in range(self.Nk):
temp = 0
for j in range(4):
temp = (temp << 8) | self.K[4 * i + j]
w.append(temp)
for i in range(self.Nk, self.Nb * (self.Nr + 1)):
temp = w[i - 1]
if i % self.Nk == 0:
temp = SubWord(RotWord(temp)) ^ Rcon[i // self.Nk - 1]
elif self.Nk > 6 and i % self.Nk == 4:
temp = SubWord(temp)
w.append(w[i - self.Nk] ^ temp)
return w
def getK(self) -> bytes:
# 返回密钥K
return self.K
def generateK(self) -> bytes:
# 随机产生密钥K
pass
def print_bytes_hex(m):
for i in m:
print(hex(i)[2:].rjust(2, '0'), end='')
print()
if __name__ == '__main__':
# AES-128
# 密钥不足128bits 添零，多余128bits 截取前128bits
# messages 不足128bits的倍数 补零
m = b'https://www.vhcffh.com'
key = b'123456'
a = AES(key)
cc = a.Encrypt(m)
mm = a.Decrypt(cc)
print("明文:", end='')
print(m)
print("密钥:", end='')
print(a.K)
print("密文:", end='')
print_bytes_hex(cc) # 以bytes输出
print("解密:", end='')
print(mm)
# 参考
# https://songlee24.github.io/2014/12/13/aes-encrypt/
# https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%A7%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86