| layout | title | description | date | categories | tags | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
post |
Overo NAND Flash |
Working with NAND flash on Gumstix Overo systems |
2014-03-17 07:00:00 -0700 |
gumstix overo |
|
The following Yocto packages have the tools for working with NAND on the Overo.
- mtd-utils
- mtd-utils-jffs2
- mtd-utils-misc
- mtd-utils-ubifs
Use mtd-info to get information on available MTD devices
root@overo:/usr/sbin# mtdinfo -a
Count of MTD devices: 5
Present MTD devices: mtd0, mtd1, mtd2, mtd3, mtd4
Sysfs interface supported: yes
mtd0
Name: xloader
Type: nand
Eraseblock size: 131072 bytes, 128.0 KiB
Amount of eraseblocks: 4 (524288 bytes, 512.0 KiB)
Minimum input/output unit size: 2048 bytes
Sub-page size: 512 bytes
OOB size: 64 bytes
Character device major/minor: 90:0
Bad blocks are allowed: true
Device is writable: false
mtd1
Name: uboot
Type: nand
Eraseblock size: 131072 bytes, 128.0 KiB
Amount of eraseblocks: 14 (1835008 bytes, 1.8 MiB)
Minimum input/output unit size: 2048 bytes
Sub-page size: 512 bytes
OOB size: 64 bytes
Character device major/minor: 90:2
Bad blocks are allowed: true
Device is writable: true
mtd2
Name: uboot environment
Type: nand
Eraseblock size: 131072 bytes, 128.0 KiB
Amount of eraseblocks: 2 (262144 bytes, 256.0 KiB)
Minimum input/output unit size: 2048 bytes
Sub-page size: 512 bytes
OOB size: 64 bytes
Character device major/minor: 90:4
Bad blocks are allowed: true
Device is writable: true
mtd3
Name: linux
Type: nand
Eraseblock size: 131072 bytes, 128.0 KiB
Amount of eraseblocks: 64 (8388608 bytes, 8.0 MiB)
Minimum input/output unit size: 2048 bytes
Sub-page size: 512 bytes
OOB size: 64 bytes
Character device major/minor: 90:6
Bad blocks are allowed: true
Device is writable: true
mtd4
Name: rootfs
Type: nand
Eraseblock size: 131072 bytes, 128.0 KiB
Amount of eraseblocks: 4012 (525860864 bytes, 501.5 MiB)
Minimum input/output unit size: 2048 bytes
Sub-page size: 512 bytes
OOB size: 64 bytes
Character device major/minor: 90:8
Bad blocks are allowed: true
Device is writable: true
The kernel board file
--- from <kernel-src>/arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-overo.c
...
static struct mtd_partition overo_nand_partitions[] = {
{
.name = "xloader",
.offset = 0, /* Offset = 0x00000 */
.size = 4 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
.mask_flags = MTD_WRITEABLE
},
{
.name = "uboot",
.offset = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND, /* Offset = 0x80000 */
.size = 14 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
},
{
.name = "uboot environment",
.offset = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND, /* Offset = 0x240000 */
.size = 2 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
},
{
.name = "linux",
.offset = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND, /* Offset = 0x280000 */
.size = 64 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE,
},
{
.name = "rootfs",
.offset = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND, /* Offset = 0xa80000 */
.size = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,
},
};
...
static void __init overo_init(void)
{
...
omap_nand_flash_init(0, overo_nand_partitions,
ARRAY_SIZE(overo_nand_partitions));
...
}
...
The Yocto machine configuration file
--- from meta-gumstix/conf/machine/overo.conf
...
# tar.bz2 for SD card, UBI for nand
IMAGE_FSTYPES ?= "tar.bz2 ubi"
# The magic numbers:
# 512 KiB flash = 4096 PEB (physical erase blocks) (PEB = 128 KiB sector)
# Logical erase block is PEB minus 2 KiB (NAND page size) for metadata
# Partitions reserve 4+14+2+64 for xloader/u-boot/env/linux
# Remainder available for rootfs: 4012 PEBs
MKUBIFS_ARGS = "-m 2048 -e 126KiB -c 4012"
UBINIZE_ARGS = "-m 2048 -p 128KiB -s 512"
UBI_VOLNAME = "rootfs"
...
The bootloader configuration file
--- from <uboot-src>/include/configs/omap3_overo.h
...
#define CONFIG_CMD_NAND /* NAND support */
...
#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND
#define CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS /* MTD partition support */
#define CONFIG_CMD_UBI /* UBI-formated MTD partition support */
#define CONFIG_CMD_UBIFS /* Read-only UBI volume operations */
#define CONFIG_RBTREE /* required by CONFIG_CMD_UBI */
#define CONFIG_LZO /* required by CONFIG_CMD_UBIFS */
#define CONFIG_MTD_DEVICE /* required by CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS */
#define CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS /* required for UBI partition support */
/* NAND block size is 128 KiB. Synchronize these values with
* overo_nand_partitions in mach-omap2/board-overo.c in Linux:
* xloader 4 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE = 512 KiB
* uboot 14 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE = 1792 KiB
* uboot environtment 2 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE = 256 KiB
* linux 64 * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE = 8 MiB
* rootfs remainder
*/
#define MTDIDS_DEFAULT "nand0=omap2-nand.0"
#define MTDPARTS_DEFAULT "mtdparts=omap2-nand.0:" \
"512k(xloader)," \
"1792k(u-boot)," \
"256k(environ)," \
"8m(linux)," \
"-(rootfs)"
#else /* CONFIG_CMD_NAND */
#define MTDPARTS_DEFAULT
#endif /* CONFIG_CMD_NAND */
...
/*
* Board NAND Info.
*/
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_QUIET_TEST
#define CONFIG_NAND_OMAP_GPMC
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ADDR NAND_BASE /* physical address */
/* to access nand */
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE NAND_BASE /* physical address */
/* to access nand */
/* at CS0 */
#define GPMC_NAND_ECC_LP_x16_LAYOUT
#define CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE 1 /* Max number of NAND */
/* devices */
...
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* FLASH and environment organization
*/
/* **** PISMO SUPPORT *** */
/* Configure the PISMO */
#define PISMO1_NAND_SIZE GPMC_SIZE_128M
#define PISMO1_ONEN_SIZE GPMC_SIZE_128M
#define CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_LEN (256 << 10) /* Reserve 2 sectors */
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)
#define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE PISMO1_NAND_BASE
#endif
/* Monitor at start of flash */
#define CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE
#define CONFIG_SYS_ONENAND_BASE ONENAND_MAP
#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND
#define ONENAND_ENV_OFFSET 0x240000 /* environment starts here */
#define SMNAND_ENV_OFFSET 0x240000 /* environment starts here */
#define CONFIG_SYS_ENV_SECT_SIZE (128 << 10) /* 128 KiB */
#define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET SMNAND_ENV_OFFSET
#define CONFIG_ENV_ADDR SMNAND_ENV_OFFSET
...
/* NAND boot config */
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_5_ADDR_CYCLE
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNT 64
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE 2048
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_OOBSIZE 64
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZE (128*1024)
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BAD_BLOCK_POS NAND_LARGE_BADBLOCK_POS
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCPOS {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,\
10, 11, 12, 13}
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCSIZE 512
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCBYTES 3
#define CONFIG_NAND_OMAP_ECCSCHEME OMAP_ECC_HAM1_CODE_HW
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_START CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE
#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_OFFS 0x80000
...
u-boot environment
Overo # print
baudrate=115200
bootcmd=mmc dev ${mmcdev}; if mmc rescan; then if run loadbootscript; then run bootscript; else if run loadbootenv; then run importbootenv; if test -n ${uenvcmd}; then echo Running uenvcmd ...;run uenvcmd;fi;fi;if run loaduimage; then run mmcboot; else run nandboot; fi; fi; else run nandboot; fi
bootdelay=5
bootscript=echo Running bootscript from mmc ...; source ${loadaddr}
console=ttyO2,115200n8
defaultdisplay=dvi
dieid#=006400029ff80000016849a90103701e
dvimode=1024x768MR-16@60
ethact=smc911x-0
ethaddr=00:15:c9:29:08:dc
importbootenv=echo Importing environment from mmc${mmcdev} ...; env import -t ${loadaddr} ${filesize}
loadaddr=0x82000000
loadbootenv=fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} uEnv.txt
loadbootscript=fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} boot.scr
loaduimage=fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} uImage
mmcargs=setenv bootargs console=${console} ${optargs} mpurate=${mpurate} vram=${vram} omapfb.mode=dvi:${dvimode} omapdss.def_disp=${defaultdisplay} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype}
mmcboot=echo Booting from mmc ...; run mmcargs; bootm ${loadaddr}
mmcdev=0
mmcroot=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw
mmcrootfstype=ext3 rootwait
mpurate=500
mtdparts=mtdparts=omap2-nand.0:512k(xloader),1792k(u-boot),256k(environ),8m(linux),-(rootfs)
nandargs=setenv bootargs console=${console} ${optargs} mpurate=${mpurate} vram=${vram} omapfb.mode=dvi:${dvimode} omapdss.def_disp=${defaultdisplay} root=${nandroot} rootfstype=${nandrootfstype}
nandboot=echo Booting from nand ...; run nandargs; nand read ${loadaddr} linux; bootm ${loadaddr}
nandroot=ubi0:rootfs ubi.mtd=4
nandrootfstype=ubifs
stderr=serial
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
vram=12M
Reformatting things a bit
mmc dev ${mmcdev};
if mmc rescan; then
if run loadbootscript; then
run bootscript;
else
if run loadbootenv; then
run importbootenv;
if test -n ${uenvcmd}; then
echo Running uenvcmd ...;
run uenvcmd;
fi;
fi;
if run loaduimage; then
run mmcboot;
else
run nandboot;
fi;
fi;
else
run nandboot;
fi
fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} boot.scr
echo Running bootscript from mmc ...;
source ${loadaddr}
fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} uEnv.txt
echo Importing environment from mmc${mmcdev} ...;
env import -t ${loadaddr} ${filesize}
fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} uImage
echo Booting from mmc ...;
run mmcargs;
bootm ${loadaddr}
echo Booting from nand ...;
run nandargs;
nand read ${loadaddr} linux;
bootm ${loadaddr}
echo Erasing NAND flash
nand erase.chip
echo Writing MLO
fatload mmc 0 ${loadaddr} MLO
nandecc hw
nand write ${loadaddr} 0 20000
nand write ${loadaddr} 20000 20000
nand write ${loadaddr} 40000 20000
nand write ${loadaddr} 60000 20000
echo Writing u-boot.img
fatload mmc 0 ${loadaddr} u-boot.img
nandecc hw
nand write ${loadaddr} 80000 ${filesize}
echo Erasing u-boot environment
nand erase 240000 20000
echo Writing uImage
fatload mmc 0 ${loadaddr} uImage
nand write ${loadaddr} 280000 ${filesize}
echo Finish mmc boot
run loaduimage
run mmcboot
Compiling the nand-flash.script
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n $1 -d $1 boot.scr