Braindump

[josephzidell]

• Comments // ... and /* ... */
• keywords and tokens are case sensitive
• should tokens use UTF-8?
• std practice: lets, consts, and methods are camelCase; classes are PascalCase
• variable regex: [_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*\??
• if var ends with ? must be boolean
• methodName regex: [_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*\??!?
• if methodName ends with ? must return boolean
• if methodName ends with ! it can throw an error (? comes before !)
• semicolons not needed
• grouping expressions ( ... )
• code block { ... }
• decide how equality checks will happen (==, !=, ===, !==, ~=, ~==)
• cannot have assignment in if condition
• ifs, fors, switches don't need parens for args, must have braces, except for if after statement
• if can be used in 2 ways: if condition { foo } or foo if condition (in latter case, braces aren't allowed)
• if/then/else/elseif
• c ? b1 : b2 or c ?: b2
• for i = 0, i < 10, i++ { ... }
• for
• multiple return
• try/catch
• not !
• comparison a <=> b (numbers are simple, strings are by char, tuples/arrays are not allowed) return -1, 0, or 1
• method call foo()
• args order: required, with default, variardic (must be array)
• closure (a, b) -> ...
• generics
• hierarchy .
• && ||
• switch cases break auto, use nextcase to fall through, multiple cases together
• enum
• :symbols see https://elixir-lang.org/getting-started/basic-types.html#atoms
• figure out strings over multiple lines
• how to combine arrays [...] + [...] returns new array. Same for tuple <...> + <...>
• concat strings 'a' + 'b' returns new string
• import
• regex
• hex 0xabc / oct 0o777
• classes, abstract, extends (can extend multiple and implement multiple - FCFS in case of same method names)

[josephzidell]

• figure out do/while

Ranges

• Ex: 1..4 for i in 1..4 { ... }, const myArray = 33..4000
• generates an array
• always inclusive
• can go 10..1
• only integers
• no spaces

For

• for i: v in array { ... }
• for i: v in tuple { ... }
• for k: v in POJO { ... }

Control flow

• return from a method
• skip in a for or while loop

Errors

• try/catch/throw
• can throw an object or string (string is wrapped in Error class`
• catch must specify type

Classes

• new MyClass()
• name must start with uppercase letter
• this
• parent class super(), can do super().super()...

Strings

• printf / sprintf
• print
• 'foo'.length
• 'a' + 'b' returns new string
• ascii to char chr()
• char to ascii ord()
• 'd'.times(5)
• uppercase/lowercase
• substr (0-based) 'foo'[2], 'foo'[1:2], 'foo'[1:], 'foo'[:2], figure out negative numbers, always inclusive, same for tuples

[josephzidell]

Numbers

• pre- or post- increment and decrement ++/--
• arithmetic + - * / % ^
• parens for priority
• can be negative
• can have exponent 1e4, 24e-3

[josephzidell]

Data Structures

• array hold items of the same type myArray = [1, 2, 3, 4]. Can be sorted
• tuples hold items of varying types myTuple = <1, 'fun', 3.4, false, nil>. Cannot be sorted